Thyrotropin-dependent proliferation of in vitro rat thyroid cell systems

18 pages, 2 figures, 1 table.-- Review.This review is focused on the most recent knowledge on growth control of rat thyroid cell lines. We analyzed the effect of mitogenic as well as inhibitory agents, but mainly the proliferative effect elicited by thyrotropin (TSH). The classic cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) signal transduction pathway involved in TSH-mediated cell growth is analyzed exhaustively. We have also reviewed new concepts about the participation of other effectors such as small GTPases and phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (PI3-K) and the new data about the existence of a cAMP-dependent but PKA-independent pathway. Finally, we give information about TSH induction of cell cycle-related genes, such as G1 cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and CDK inhibitors.We are grateful to Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Grant PM97±0065), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Grants 08.1/0025.1/97 and 1/99) and Fundación Salud 2000 (Spain) for supporting our work. DLM has a Fellowship from the Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (Spain)Peer reviewe

Role of the Wnt Pathway in Thyroid Cancer

Aberrant activation of Wnt signaling is involved in the development of several epithelial tumors. Wnt signaling includes two major types of pathways: (i) the canonical or Wnt/β-catenin pathway; and (ii) the non-canonical pathways, which do not involve β-catenin stabilization. Among these pathways, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has received most attention during the past years for its critical role in cancer. A number of publications emphasize the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in thyroid cancer. This pathway plays a crucial role in development and epithelial renewal, and components such as β-catenin and Axin are often mutated in thyroid cancer. Although it is accepted that altered Wnt signaling is a late event in thyroid cell transformation that affects anaplastic thyroid tumors, recent data suggest that it is also altered in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with RET/PTC mutations. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the main relevant data of Wnt signaling in thyroid cancer, with special emphasis on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

El català uneix els ports de Balears, Tarragona i Barcelona per mitjà de les noves tecnologies

Abstract not availabl

Programa de estrategias de educación personalizada y habilidades comunicativas orales en estudiantes de educación primaria, 2020

Durante siglos se busca que las personas desarrollen sus competencias acordes a sus habilidades y características únicas; sin embargo, es un discurso que muchos saben pero que pocos lo colocan en práctica. La investigación, Programa de estrategias de educación personalizada y habilidades comunicativas orales, tiene como objetivo potenciar las habilidades comunicativas orales en niños y niñas de primer grado de educación primaria, de la Institución Educativa Nº 11080 “Jorge Chávez Dartnell”-Mórrope. El estudio fue de tipo básica-propositiva, con una población muestral de 16 estudiantes pertenecientes a la zona rural, la cual fue intencional. Para las técnicas de procesamiento y análisis de datos, se empleó la estadística descriptiva. En cuanto a los resultados, se obtuvo que el 33% de los estudiantes se encuentran debajo del nivel esperado y que existen factores que influyen de manera proporcional en el desarrollo del discurso oral. En conclusión, si se aplica un programa de estrategias de educación personalizada que tenga como fundamento el enfoque Humanista desde los postulados de Víctor García Hoz y el enfoque Comunicativo, desde el aporte de Daniel Cassany, es posible que se logre el objetivo planteado

FOXE1 regulates migration and invasion in thyroid cancer cells and targets ZEB1

FOXE1 is a thyroid-specific transcription factor essential for thyroid gland development and maintenance of the differentiated state. Interestingly, a strong association has been recently described between FOXE1 expression and susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying FOXE1-induced thyroid tumorigenesis. Here, we used a panel of human thyroid cancer-derived cell line s covering the spectrum of thyroid cancer phenotypes to examine FOXE1 expression and to test for correlations between FOXE1 expression, the allele frequency of two SNPs and a length polymorphism in or near the FOXE1 locus associated with cancer susceptibility, and the migration ability of thyroid cancer cell lines. Results showed that FOXE1 expression correlated with differentiation status according to histological sub-type, but not with SNP genotype or cell migration ability. However, loss-and-gain-of-function experiments revealed that FOXE1 modulates cell migration, suggesting a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our previous genome-wide expression analysis identified Zeb1, a major EMT inducer, as a putative Foxe1 target gene. Indeed, gene silencing of FOXE1 decreased ZEB1 expression, whereas its overexpression increased ZEB1 transcriptional activity. FOXE1 was found to directly interact with the ZEB1 promoter. Lastly, ZEB1 silencing decreased the ability of thyroid tumoral cells to migrate and invade, pointing to its im portance in thyroid tumor mestastases. In conclusion, we have identified ZEB1 as a bona fide target of FOXE1 in thyroid cancer cells, which provides new insights into the role of FOXE1 in regulating cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancerThis work was supported by grants SAF2016-75531-R from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU), Spain, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER, B2017/BMD-3724 from Comunidad de Madrid, and GCB14142311CRES from Fundación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC)

The complex regulation of NIS expression and activity in thyroid and extrathyroidal tissues

The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is an intrinsic plasma membrane protein that mediates active iodide transport into the thyroid gland and into several extrathyroidal tissues. NIS-mediated iodide uptake plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, of which iodide is an essential constituent. For 80 years, radioiodide has been used for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer, a successful theranostic agent that is extending its use to extrathyroidal malignancies. The purpose of this review is to focus on the most recent findings regarding the mechanisms that regulate NIS both in thyroid and extra-thyroidal tissues. Among other issues, we discuss the different transcriptional regulatory elements that govern NIS transcription in different tissues, the epigenetic modifications that regulate its expression, and the role that miRNAs play in fine-tuning NIS after being transcribed. A review on how hormones, cytokines, and iodide itself regulate NIS is provided. We also review the present stage of understanding NIS dysregulation in cancer, occupied mainly by convergent signaling pathways and by new insights in the route that NIS follows through different subcellular compartments to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, we cover NIS distribution and function in the increasing number of extrathyroidal tissues that express the symporter, as well as the role that NIS plays in tumor progression independently of its transport activity.post-print5810 K

Nivel de conocimientos sobre primeros auxilios en traumatismos y quemaduras en estudiantes de tercero de secundaria del Colegio Militar Elías Aguirre–Chiclayo, Perú. 2016

Este estudio tuvo por finalidad determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre Primeros Auxilios en traumatismos y quemaduras en estudiantes de tercero de Secundaria del Colegio Militar Elías Aguirre. El tipo de investigación fue Cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra lo constituyeron 86 estudiantes de tercero de secundaria, de una población estudiantil de 349 estudiantes del año escolar 2016. La investigación se realizó con rigor científico (validez, confiabilidad, objetividad) y los criterios de la bioética personalista (el principio del valor fundamental de la vida humana, libertad y responsabilidad, socialización y subsidiaridad). Se tomó como instrumento el trabajo de investigación de Castillo k. y Valerio X; para nuestra recolección de datos se aplicó un cuestionario validado por juicio de experto; a su vez fueron analizadas mediante la prueba binomial resultando válido debido a que P ≤ 0.05 por lo que el grado de concordancia es significativo. La confiabilidad del instrumento fue demostrada a través de la prueba de Kuder Richarson alcanzando un valor de 0.806; las mismas que clasifican el resultado con una puntuación de 4 categorías Muy Bueno, Bueno, Regular y Deficiente. Finalmente, se determinó que los estudiantes de tercero de Secundaria del Colegio Militar Elías Aguirre, presentan un 40.7 % encontrándose en deficiente conocimiento en primeros auxilios referentes a definiciones generales, traumatismos en un 49.1% y quemaduras en un 32.6 %

Mapping and Functional Role of Phosphorylation Sites in the Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1)

The phosphorylation of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that is required for thyroid-specific expression of the thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase gene promoters, has been studied. Phosphorylation occurs on a maximum of seven serine residues that are distributed in three tryptic peptides. Mutant derivatives of TTF-1, with alanine residues replacing the serines in the phosphorylation sites, have been constructed and used to assess the functional relevance of TTF-1 phosphorylation. The DNA binding activity of TTF-1 appears to be phosphorylation-independent, as indicated also by the performance of TTF-1 purified from an overexpressing Escherichia coli strain. Transcriptional activation by TTF-1 could require phosphorylation only in specific cell types since in a co-transfection assay in heterologous cells both wild-type and mutant proteins show a similar transcriptional activity

Dynamic expression of groucho-related genes Grg1 and Grg3 in foregut endoderm and antagonism of differentiation

El pdf del artículo es el manuscrito de autor.While much is known about Groucho corepressors in Drosophila development, less is known about Grg homologs in mammalian embryogenesis. The transcription factors FoxA1 and FoxA2 are redundantly necessary for liver-inductive competence of the endoderm, and recently we found that FoxA factors bind Grg3, recruit the corepressor to FoxA target genes, and cause transcriptional repression, when Grg3 is ectopically expressed in adult liver cell lines that express little or no endogenous Grg. Unexpectedly, we now find that Grg1 and Grg3 mRNAs are co-expressed with FoxA factors in the foregut endoderm, prior to liver differentiation, though only Grg3 protein is expressed there. Grg3 mRNA and protein are extinguished at the onset of liver differentiation. Lentiviral delivery of Grg3 to explants of foregut endoderm suppresses liver gene induction. We suggest that Grg expression in the endoderm helps suppress the liver program and find that endodermal competence involves a balance between activators and corepressors.The research was supported by a grant from the Dirección General de Investigación SAF-2007-60614 (MICINN) and Salvador de Madariaga Program (MEC) to P.S., a FPI predoctoral fellowship (MICINN) to P.R., an NIH CA-009035-34 postdoctoral fellowship to D.E.M., and NIH grant R37GM36477 toK.S.Z.Peer Reviewe

Programa de estrategias de educación personalizada y habilidades comunicativas orales en estudiantes de educación primaria, 2020

Durante siglos se busca que las personas desarrollen sus competencias acordes a sus habilidades y características únicas; sin embargo, es un discurso que muchos saben pero que pocos lo colocan en práctica. La investigación, Programa de estrategias de educación personalizada y habilidades comunicativas orales, tiene como objetivo potenciar las habilidades comunicativas orales en niños y niñas de primer grado de educación primaria, de la Institución Educativa Nº 11080 “Jorge Chávez Dartnell”-Mórrope. El estudio fue de tipo básica-propositiva, con una población muestral de 16 estudiantes pertenecientes a la zona rural, la cual fue intencional. Para las técnicas de procesamiento y análisis de datos, se empleó la estadística descriptiva. En cuanto a los resultados, se obtuvo que el 33% de los estudiantes se encuentran debajo del nivel esperado y que existen factores que influyen de manera proporcional en el desarrollo del discurso oral. En conclusión, si se aplica un programa de estrategias de educación personalizada que tenga como fundamento el enfoque Humanista desde los postulados de Víctor García Hoz y el enfoque Comunicativo, desde el aporte de Daniel Cassany, es posible que se logre el objetivo planteado