Il sistema penale: analisi del pensiero di due riformatori del XVIII secolo, Cesare Beccaria e Jeremy Bentham

Oggetto di questa tesi è il sistema penale, analizzato attraverso il pensiero di due riformatori del XVIII secolo: Cesare Beccaria e Jeremy Bentham . Nello specifico si sono andate a cercare le ragioni che spingono i due autori a ritenere indispensabile, per regolare la società, un sistema di delitti e pene, ovvero un sistema che esclude a priori l’idea di una società regolata dall’educazione e non dalla punizione. La nostra ipotesi è che Beccaria e Bentham considerassero gli uomini non sufficientemente evoluti intellettualmente per capire che l’assecondare esclusivamente le proprie passioni è solamente un continuo ritorno allo stato precedente le società

Morfologia social e contextualização topográfica: a micro-história de Edoardo Grendi

Il saggio prende in considerazione il ruolo di Edoardo Grendi nella teorizzazione della proposta microstorica italiana, generalmente sconosciuto o sottostimato nel panorama accademico sudamericano

La città futurista: la metropoli del futuro dall'avanguardia storica all'utopismo tecnologico di Richard Buckminster Fuller

Questo articolo riassume la tesi di laurea omonima, discussa da Claudia Lamberti presso la Facoltà di Lettere dell'Università di Pisa il giorno 11 luglio 2000 ed approvata con la valutazione di 110 e lode. Tale ricerca ha avuto lo scopo di organizzare la documentazione esistente sulla città futurista, definire le vicende storico-critiche dell'architettura futurista, analizzare lo stretto rapporto tra le varie arti in cui l'avanguardia italiana ha rappresentato il suo sogno metropolitano. Si è inoltre tracciato un quadro delle influenze e delle suggestioni esercitate dal futurismo sull'architettura italiana e internazionale

Falstaff

Programa de les representacions de "Falstaff" de G. Verdi, que van tenir lloc durant el novembre de 1983. Hi van participar J. Pons com a Falstaff, T. Allen com a Ford, D. González com a Fenton, P. de Palma com a Dott. Cajus, J. Ruiz com a Bardolfo, F. Davila com a Pistola, I. Tokody com a Mrs. Alice Ford, M. A. Peters com a Nannetta, B. Berini com a Mrs. Quickly i R. Pierotti com a Mrs. Meg Page. R. Weikert i R. Gandolfi van dirigir el Cor i l'Orquestra del Gran Teatre del Liceu. A. Aguadé i A. Lorca van fer la coreografia del ballet infantil. El programa inclou comentaris a càrrec de R. Alier, X. Aviñoa i O. MartorellOrquestra del Gran Teatre del Liceu dirigida per Ralf WeikertDe cada obra s'ha digitalitzat un programa sencer. De la resta s'han digitalitzat les parts que són diferent

Receptor tyrosine kinase pathway analysis sheds light on similarities between clear-cell sarcoma and metastatic melanoma

To highlight possible similarities and differences in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and downstream signalling activation profiles between clear-cell sarcomas (CCS) and metastatic melanomas (MM), frozen, and paired-matched fixed samples of six CCS with EWSR1 rearrangement (EWSR1+), five CCS without EWSR1 rearrangement (EWSR1-), and seven MM were investigated by means of biochemical, immunohistochemical, FISH, molecular analyses, and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Fixed samples of a further 10 CCS and 14 MM were investigated by means of sequencing for BRAF, NRAS, and KRAS mutations and FISH analyses for the gain of chromosomes 22 and 8. RTK analysis of all CCS/MM samples showed activation of short-form (sf) recepteur d'origine nantais (RON) RTK and of PDGFRB, MET, and HER3. Analysis of downstream signaling revealed consistent phosphorylation patterns of PI3K/AKT, RSK, and the mTOR targets S6 and 4EBP1. Analysis of frozen and fixed material from 21 CCS and 21 MM showed the presence of the V600E BRAF mutation in 2/12 EWSR1+ and 3/9 EWSR1- CCS and 9/21 MM and demonstrated a significant (P < 0.001) correlation between the gain of chromosomes 22 and 8 and EWSR1- CCS. Our results show that BRAF mutation can also be present in CCS and support the proposed aberration of chromosomes 22 and 8 as a possibly useful nonrandom hallmark of EWSR1- CCS. Besides, they broaden the spectrum of the similarities of RTK pathway activation between CCS and MM, thus suggesting that new drugs found to be active in melanoma and RON inhibitors could have a role in CCS treatment

Metformin as an Adjuvant Drug against Pediatric Sarcomas: Hypoxia Limits Therapeutic Effects of the Drug

Metformin, a well-known insulin-sensitizer commonly used for type 2 diabetes therapy, has recently emerged as potentially very attractive drug also in oncology. It is cheap, it is relatively safe and many reports have indicated effects in cancer prevention and therapy. These desirable features are particularly interesting for pediatric sarcomas, a group of rare tumors that have been shown to be dependent on IGF and insulin system for pathogenesis and progression. Metformin exerts anti-mitogenic activity in several cancer histotypes through several molecular mechanisms. In this paper, we analyzed its effects against osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, the three most common pediatric sarcomas. Despite in vitro metformin gave remarkable antiproliferative and chemosensitizing effects both in sensitive and chemoresistant cells, its efficacy was not confirmed against Ewing sarcoma xenografts neither as single agent nor in combination with vincristine. This discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo effects may be due to hypoxia, a common feature of solid tumors. We provide evidences that in hypoxia conditions metformin was not able to activate AMPK and inhibit mTOR signaling, which likely prevents the inhibitory effects of metformin on tumor growth. Thus, although metformin may be considered a useful complement of conventional chemotherapy in normoxia, its therapeutic value in highly hypoxic tumors may be more limited. The impact of hypoxia should be considered when novel therapies are planned for pediatric sarcomas