Od redaktora

tekst wprowadzający do numeru 7/2011 czasopisma Folia Linguistica Rossic

Słowo od Redaktorów

tekst wprowadzający do numeru 8/2012 czasopisma Folia Linguistica Rossic

Some Remarks on Anthropocentrism and Didacticism as Exponents of the Homo–Animal Relationship (Based on Polish and Russian Phraseological Units with the Names of Selected Farm Animals)].

The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the homo and animal spheres. The research material consists of Polish and Russian phraseological units in a broad sense (idioms, comparisons and proverbs) with zoonyms being the names of farm animals. The main emphasis was placed on the inherent – in faunal phraseology – and the closely related features of anthropocentrism and didacticism. Tracing the relationship between humans and animals clearly indicates the pejorativization of the linguistic image of fauna by a man. People like to use animal portraits to speak of the dark sides of their own world. Ascribing disabilities to representatives of fauna at the same time exposes the value of everything that is human. Parallel however, there is a phenomenon of hyperbolization of the negative portrait of a man who tries to subjugate living creatures from outside his species, guided by heartlessness, greed and selfishness. The lack of morality or culture cannot be considered animal traits, since higher feelings are characteristic of homo sapiens and constitute the foundation that distinguishes humans from the fauna world. Animals only fight for food, domination, and take care of the young. Their behavior is not due to ill will, lack of morals or culture. In the behavior of animals, their nature prevails and their innate instincts ensure their survival. Animals are not uncultivated and immoral, it is only a man who thinks of them in this way, involuntarily projecting his own world onto the animal world. There is a human interpretation of the world in animalistic phraseological units.The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the homo and animal spheres. The research material consists of Polish and Russian phraseological units in a broad sense (idioms, comparisons and proverbs) with zoonyms being the names of farm animals. The main emphasis was placed on the inherent – in faunal phraseology – and the closely related features of anthropocentrism and didacticism. Tracing the relationship between humans and animals clearly indicates the pejorativization of the linguistic image of fauna by a man. People like to use animal portraits to speak of the dark sides of their own world. Ascribing disabilities to representatives of fauna at the same time exposes the value of everything that is human. Parallel however, there is a phenomenon of hyperbolization of the negative portrait of a man who tries to subjugate living creatures from outside his species, guided by heartlessness, greed and selfishness. The lack of morality or culture cannot be considered animal traits, since higher feelings are characteristic of homo sapiens and constitute the foundation that distinguishes humans from the fauna world. Animals only fight for food, domination, and take care of the young. Their behavior is not due to ill will, lack of morals or culture. In the behavior of animals, their nature prevails and their innate instincts ensure their survival. Animals are not uncultivated and immoral, it is only a man who thinks of them in this way, involuntarily projecting his own world onto the animal world. There is a human interpretation of the world in animalistic phraseological units

Koncepcje wspierania rozwoju w biegu ludzkiego życia : czego i po co uczą się dorośli

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie koncepcji rozwoju człowieka dorosłego, jako odpowiedzi na zmiany zachodzące w społeczeństwie. Czytelnik znajdzie tu odpowiedź na pytanie: po co człowiek dorosły ma się rozwijać - zostaną przedstawione cele rozwojowe wynikające z kontekstu, w jakim funkcjonują ludzie we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Wymagania społeczne, złożoność środowiska i zwiększająca się różnorodność realizowania ról społecznych, a także wzrost samoświadomości oraz potrzeb rozwojowych zostają zestawione ze zmianami, jakie dokonały się na gruncie teorii rozwoju człowieka. Artykuł porusza także zagadnienie kształtowania kompetencji. Podejście kompetencyjne stanowi ramę dla treści, jakich ludzie dorośli uczą się, aby realizować swoje potrzeby rozwojowe i sprostać wymaganiom środowiska. Artykuł opisuje także nurty obecne na rynku usług edukacyjnych dla osób dorosłych. Określa ich rolę w promocji idei lifelong learning oraz w zwiększaniu dostępności edukacji dla szerszego grona odbiorców

Style of coping with stress and hope for success among the youth attending the Athletic Sports Championships

Introduction and purpose of the work: In Lazarus and Folkman's transactional theory of stress and coping, stress is treated as a relationship between an individual and environment, which is perceived by a person as excessively demanding. It may lead to a loss of sense of well-being if it exceeds the resources available to the individual. One important personal resource for athletes is the hope for success. The aim of the study was to verify the relations between the style of coping with stress and hope for success among students of sports championship schools. Materials and method: The participants of the study were 51 students who do sports aged 16 to 20 years, including 30 women (59%). The mean age was 17.8 years and the standard deviation was 1.16. In this study, the Coping Inventory for Stresfull Situations (CISS) by Endler and Parker in the polish adaptation of Szczepaniak, Strelau and Wrześniewski and the Adult Hope Scale by Snyder in the polish adaptation of Łaguna, Trzebiński and Zięba were used. Results: The research revealed a significant positive correlation between task-oriented coping and the level of hope for success. Gender considerations revealed significant positive correlations between all styles of coping with stress and the level of hope for success in a group of girls, and this also correlated with task-oriented coping style in a group of boys. Conclusions: The obtained results do not allow to form any final conclusions, but they are an important contribution to improving the knowledge of the relations between styles of coping with stress and hope for success, especially among young athletes. An evaluation of the styles of coping with stress may be of great importance for researches and practitioners working with players

Od Redakcji

Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00

Subjective and objective evaluation of one’s physical fitness – the role of self-esteem, motivation, and the need for social approval

Introduction and purpose of the work: Physical fitness is an important aspect of human life that can have an impact on biological, social, and psychological functioning. The aim of the research was to compare students who were engaged and those who were not engaged in sport in terms of self-evaluation of own physical fitness and performance in the Functional Movement ScreenTM. The analyses also included the role of motivation, self-esteem, and the need for social approval. Material and method: The participants of the study were students who do sports (n = 30) and those who are not engaged in a sport activity (n = 30) at one Polish university (aged 18-24 years, Mage = 21,23; SD = 1,5). The following instruments were used in the research: Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Social Approval Test (TAS-27), Sport Motivation Scale-II (SMS-II), Functional Movement ScreenTM (FMSTM), Survey about own physical fitness and sport related information.Results: The results revealed that active and inactive students differed in the subjective scores in the FMSTM and evaluation of own physical fitness. However, in both groups similar scores in self-esteem and the need for social approval were present. Subjective evaluation (made by the subjects) of own performance in the FMSTM was rated lower than objective one (made by the researchers) in both groups. The FMSTM scores (both objective and subjective) were related to different types of motivation. The lowest mean values were noted for external motivation and amotivation. Conclusions: The research has shown differences, in evaluation of physical fitness and FMSTM score - which can inform about the risk of potential injury - between the students who were engaged and those who were not engaged in sport. Motivation, need for social approval and self-esteem were mutually related. They can play an important role in shaping the belief about one's physical fitness and the effect of one's performance, although further investigations are needed as well as different types of statistical analyses to provide conformation for this assumption

From march 2020 to march 2021 : psychotherapists about working in the COVID-19 pandemic : collective autoethnography

Motywacją do napisania artykułu była potrzeba zreflektowania doświadczeń z pracy zespołu psychoterapeutów w wyjątkowym czasie od marca 2020 do marca 2021. Psychoterapeuci, którzy, wcześniej tego nie planując, opuścili swoje gabinety i usiedli przed ekranami, przeszli szybki kurs IT i uczestniczyli wspólnie z pacjentami w wielkim eksperymencie: psychoterapia w pandemii COVID-19. W zebraniu i opracowaniu materiału badawczego autorzy posłużyli się metodą zespołowej autoetnografii (collective autoethnography). Jest to metoda badań jakościowych właściwa do eksploracji nowych zjawisk społecznych, wywołujących silne emocje i mających wpływ zarówno na jednostki, jak i na grupy. Badania pokazały, że zarówno adaptacja do pracy wpandemii, jak i powrót do gabinetów ma charakter procesualny, indywidualnie (dla pacjentów i psychoterapeutów) zróżnicowany w tempie i rytmie. Pojawienie się transgresji, czyli twórczego przekształcenia myślenia, działania i otoczenia, wymaga sprzyjającego kontekstu, w którym kluczowe jest oparcie w zespole. W psychoterapii zdalnej zbieramy inny rodzaj informacji o rodzinach i pacjentach indywidualnych, wymagający dopasowania sposobów opracowania i rozumienia, settingu i kontraktu. Wprowadzenie psychoterapii on-line w większym zakresie, niż to było przed pandemią, pozwoli skorzystać z tej formy leczenia osobom, dla których była niedostępna lub dla których dostęp do niej był utrudniony. Otwarcie się psychoterapeutów na konsultacje w zespole czy w szerszym środowisku, na pracę interdyscyplinarną jest wspierającym czynnikiem w procesach adaptacji i transgresji. Praca zdalna wiąże się z przeciążeniem fizycznym i psychicznym psychoterapeutów, stąd szczególnie ważne jest dodatkowe zadbanie o superwizję i własny komfort.The incentive to write the article was to record the work experiences of a psychotherapists' team in an exceptional time from March 2020 to March 2021. Psychotherapists who, without planning it beforehand, left their offices and sat in front of the screens, took a quick IT course and participated, together with their patients, in a great experiment: Psychotherapy in the Covid-19 pandemic. The authors used the Collective Autoethnography method to collect and develop the research material. It is a qualitative research method, appropriate for the exploration of new social phenomena that evoke strong emotions and affect both individuals and groups. The research has shown that both, adaptation to work in the pandemic and return to offices are processual in nature, varying in pace and rhythm individually (for patients and psychotherapists). The emergence of transgression, i.e., a creative transformation of thinking, acting and environment, requires a favorable context, in which the key is the team support. In on-line psychotherapy, we collect different types of information about families and individual patients, requiring adjustment of developing and understanding of setting and contract. Introducing on-line psychotherapy to a greater extent than it was before the pandemic will allow us to use this way of treatment for those people, who found it unavailable or difficult to access. Opening up to consultations in a team, a wider environment and interdisciplinary work of psychotherapists is a supporting factor in the processes of adaptation and transgression. Remote work involves physical and mental overload of psychotherapists, hence additional attention needs to be paid to supervision and personal comfort