PROFESSIONAL INDEMNITY INSURANCE – A MEASURE TO SHARE THE PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY

Ayurved is one of the holistic science which stands on the strong pillars of fundamental concepts and clinical applicability. There is no doubt about the greatness of Ayurved. But unfortunately, the human errors cannot be eliminated. After the Consumer Protection Act came into force, many filed cases for medical negligence against doctors claiming for compensations. Thus, the act of error and omission may drag; even the knowledgeable and skillful professionals into the legal matters resulting with unbearable consequences. The Forensic medicine and Jurisprudence (Vidhi Vaidyak Avum Vyavahar Ayurved) here came forward with a helping hand in a form of an insurance policy for the professionals rendering their services in various fields to the society. Therefore, Professional Indemnity Insurance was introduced which not only protects but also covers the liability falling on professionals as a result of the error and omission. This article does not encourages the act of professional negligence, rather it aims to impart the detailed information about a preventive measure which insures defence and share the liability in case of act of error and omission, the general rules and regulations, how one can claim, benefits and limitations as well as how an Ayurvedic professionals get covered by Professional Indemnity Insurance

Quality engineering of a traction alternator by robust design

Robust design is an engineering methodology for improving productivity during research and development so that high-quality products can be developed and produced quickly and at low cost. A large electrical company was developing traction alternators for a diesel electrical engine. Customer requirement was to obtain very high efficiency which, in turn, was influenced by several design parameters. The usual approach of the 'design-build-test' cycle was considered time-consuming and costly; it used to take anywhere from 4 months to 1 year before finalizing the product design parameters as it involved physical assembly and also testing. Instead, the authors used Taguchi's parameter design approach. This approach took about 8 weeks to arrive at optimum design parameter values; clearly demonstrating the cutting edge of this methodology over the traditional design-build-test approach. The prototype built and tested accordingly gave satisfactory overall performance, meeting and even exceeding customer requirements

Studies on Physico-Mechanical and Explosive Characteristics of RDX/HMX-Based Castable Plastic-Bonded Explosives

Conventional cast explosives (RDX/TNT) have major drawbacks of poor mechanical properties,shrinkages and higher sensitivity .These properties can be improved by applying plastic bindersystems. The plastic-bonded explosive (PBX) is a composite material in which solid explosive particles are dispersed in a polymer matrix. The present paper describes the development of anitramine/hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based castable PBX. The PBXs were processed as per standard procedures. Bimodal/trimodal particle size system was selected to reach asolid loading of 88 wt per cent. High solid loading was made possible through proper combination ofcoarse/fine ratio of solid ingredients, which was based on a number of tap density experiments.Processability of the binder system was studied by using various wetting agents as well as by selectingbinder/plasticizer ratios. Mechanical properties of the PBXs were enhanced by different crosslinkingagents. The explosive properties ofPBXs including detonation velocity , processability and sensitivityto different types of stimuli, were studied. The results show that PBXs can be manufactured withdetonation properties better than those of composition B/octol with the added advantages of superiorthermal and sensitivity characteristics

Surrogate regression modelling for fast seismogram generation and detection of microseismic events in heterogeneous velocity models

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Oxford University Press (OUP) via the DOI in this record.Given a 3D heterogeneous velocity model with a few million voxels, fast generation of accurate seismic responses at specified receiver positions from known microseismic event locations is a well-known challenge in geophysics, since it typically involves numerical solution of the computationally expensive elastic wave equation. Thousands of such forward simulations are often a routine requirement for parameter estimation of microseimsic events via a suitable source inversion process. Parameter estimation based on forward modelling is often advantageous over a direct regression-based inversion approach when there are unknown number of parameters to be estimated and the seismic data has complicated noise characteristics which may not always allow a stable and unique solution in a direct inversion process. In this paper, starting from Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) based synthetic simulations of a few thousand forward seismic shots due to microseismic events via pseudo-spectral solution of elastic wave equation, we develop a step-by-step process to generate a surrogate regression modelling framework, using machine learning techniques that can produce accurate seismograms at specified receiver locations. The trained surrogate models can then be used as a high-speed meta-model/emulator or proxy for the original full elastic wave propagator to generate seismic responses for other microseismic event locations also. The accuracies of the surrogate models have been evaluated using two independent sets of training and testing Latin hypercube (LH) quasi-random samples, drawn from a heterogeneous marine velocity model. The predicted seismograms have been used thereafter to calculate batch likelihood functions, with specified noise characteristics. Finally, the trained models on 23 receivers placed at the sea-bed in a marine velocity model are used to determine the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of the event locations which can in future be used in a Bayesian analysis for microseismic event detection.This work has been supported by the Shell Projects and Technology. The Wilkes high performance GPU computing service at the University of Cambridge has been used in this work

Study of survival of motor neuron (SMN) and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene deletions in SMA patients

In view of the paucity of deletion studies of survival of motor neuron (SMN) and neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP) genes in Indian SMA patients, this study has been undertaken to determine the status of SMN1, SMN2 and NAIP gene deletions in Indian SMA patients. Clinically and neurophysiologically diagnosed SMA patients were included in the study. A gene deletion study was carried out in 45 proximal SMA patients and 50 controls of the same ethnic group. Both SMN1 and NAIP genes showed homozygous absence in 76 % and 31 % respectively in proximal SMA patients. It is proposed that the lower deletion frequency of SMN1 gene in Indian patients may be due to mutations present in other genes or population variation, which need further study

Detailed characterization of a long-term rodent model of critical illness and recovery

Objective: To characterize a long-term model of recovery from critical illness, with particular emphasis on cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and muscle function. Design: Randomized controlled animal study. Setting: University research laboratory. Subjects: Male Wistar rats. Interventions: Intraperitoneal injection of the fungal cell wall constituent, zymosan or n-saline. Measurements and Main Results: Following intervention, rats were followed for up to 2 weeks. Animals with zymosan peritonitis reached a clinical and biochemical nadir on day 2. Initial reductions were seen in body weight, total body protein and fat, and muscle mass. Leg muscle fiber diameter remained subnormal at 14 days with evidence of persisting myonecrosis, even though gene expression of regulators of muscle mass (e.g., MAFbx, MURF1, and myostatin) had peaked on days 2–4 but normalized by day 7. Treadmill exercise capacity, forelimb grip strength, and in vivo maximum tetanic force were also reduced. Food intake was minimal until day 4 but increased thereafter. This did not relate to appetite hormone levels with early (6 hr) rises in plasma insulin and leptin followed by persisting subnormal levels; ghrelin levels did not change. Serum interleukin-6 level peaked at 6 hours but had normalized by day 2, whereas interleukin-10 remained persistently elevated and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol persistently depressed. There was an early myocardial depression and rise in core temperature, yet reduced oxygen consumption and respiratory exchange ratio with a loss of diurnal rhythmicity that showed a gradual but incomplete recovery by day 7. Conclusions: This detailed physiological, metabolic, hormonal, functional, and histological muscle characterization of a model of critical illness and recovery reproduces many of the findings reported in human critical illness. It can be used to assess putative therapies that may attenuate loss, or enhance recovery, of muscle mass and function

Redefining the phenotype of ALSP and AARS2 mutation-related leukodystrophy

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the phenotype of 2 clinically, radiologically, and pathologically similar leukodystrophies, adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) and alanyl-transfer RNA synthetase 2 mutation-related leukodystrophy (AARS2-L), and highlight key differentiating features. METHODS: ALSP and AARS2-L cases were identified from the adult-onset leukodystrophy database at our institution. In addition, cases with imaging findings were identified from a literature review. The phenotypic features were determined by combining published cases with those from our database. RESULTS: A combined total of 74 cases of ALSP and 10 cases of AARS2-L with neuroimaging data were identified. The mean age at onset was 42 years in ALSP and 26 years in AARS2-L. Cognitive and motor symptoms were the most common symptoms overall in both. Ovarian failure was exclusive to AARS2-L, present in all known female cases. Both ALSP and AARS2-L showed a confluent, asymmetric, predominantly frontoparietal, periventricular pattern of white matter disease with subcortical U-fiber sparing; pyramidal tract and corpus callosum involvement; and diffusion changes in the white matter which we have termed "deep white matter diffusion dots." Central atrophy and corpus callosal thinning were prominent in ALSP and disproportionately mild in AARS2-L when present. ALSP also occasionally showed ventricular abnormalities and calcifications in the frontal periventricular white matter, features not seen in AARS2-L. AARS2-L demonstrates white matter rarefaction which suppresses on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI sequences, a feature not seen in ALSP. CONCLUSIONS: ALSP and AARS2-L share similar clinical, imaging, and pathologic characteristics with key differentiating features that we have highlighted

On-line power system inertia calculation using wide area measurements

Future developments in power systems, e.g. relatively larger generator sets, the virtual power plant and synthetic inertia concept and connection of generation assets over inverters, will cause the system inertia to vary significantly. During system operation, if the inertia of the system is significantly lower than anticipated at the planning stage, then the existing, deterministic protection and control may fail to ensure system stability. Therefore, the ability to accurately determine the inertia of individual system areas, and the system as a whole, online would be very useful. In this paper, an Inertia Calculation Application (ICA), which could be implemented as part of a Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control scheme, is presented. The necessary wide area measurements must be processed during large disturbances to the active power balance of the system. The ICA has been validated by using computer simulations, under laboratory conditions and by using real-life data recorded by a transmission system operator

The Temporal and Spatial Connectivity of the Gambles Mill Corridor, Richmond, VA

The City of Richmond and the Virginia Department of Transportation proposed to rehabilitate the Gambles Mill Trail connecting the University of Richmond (UR) to the intersection of Huguenot and River Road. Planners envision this trail as a sustainable model for the reduction of nutrient and sediment flow and as a vital path in a city-wide network of bike and pedestrian trails. Meanwhile, UR also proposes to rehabilitate the corridor in their new Master Plan. Nevertheless, until now, no substantive studies exist on the trail or the corridor linking the trail to the south side of the James River through the hazardous River-Huguenot Road intersection and the Huguenot Bridge currently under construction. The University of Richmond’s Geography 221 Course, Mapping Sustainability: Cartography and Geographic Information in an Environmental Context, is working with a variety of stakeholders (public, private, and community-based) to map the past, present, and future of the Gambles Mill Corridor and influence local and regional sustainability of transportation, hydrology, and recreation in a floodplain ecosystem. Students produce maps grouped around four scales: local corridor, UR to the River, a city scale sustainable transport network, and a temporal scale tracing previous transportation routes in the area such as the 1930s street car system and the colonial canal system.https://scholarship.richmond.edu/geography-posters/1001/thumbnail.jp

Neurology and the histiocytoses: a case of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease

The histiocytoses are a group of rare disorders characterised by the accumulation of neoplastic or non-neoplastic activated histiocytes in various tissues. Phenotypes vary widely from cutaneous lesions or lymphadenopathy that regress spontaneously to disseminated disease with poor prognosis. Neurological symptoms can be a presenting feature or appear during the course of disease. We present a challenging diagnostic and management case of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease in a 48-year-old woman with a relapsing, partially steroid-responsive syndrome comprising patchy, non-length-dependent radiculoneuropathy with diffuse pachymeningitis and widespread systemic disease, and recent dramatic response to novel mitogen-activated kinase pathway inhibition. We discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, recent breakthroughs in pathogenesis and emerging treatment options for Rosai-Dorfman disease and for the histiocytoses with neurological sequelae, including Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester disease