Resilience of regional hospital nursing staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic measured by the Connor-Davidson resilience scale.

As the COVID-19 pandemic stretches on, the importance of resilience is increasing as it protects against PTSD while aiding an individual in selecting healthy coping strategies. In a study of 657 healthcare workers in New York City in April 2020, more than half of healthcare workers screened positive for acute stress (PTSD symptoms), almost half screened positive for depression, and one third screened positive for anxiety; many also reported symptoms of insomnia (Schecter et al., 2020). Resilience is important in nursing because it ensures a viable, healthy workforce for the future. Resilience has been described as the ability to ‘bounce back’ or effectively cope with adversity. The literature shows that resilience has been studied only related to chronic problems such as staffing issues, however, until this year; it has not been studied in the context of pandemics

ISPITIVANJE SMIČNE ČVRSTOĆE UREĐAJIMA "ROBERTSON RESEARCH" AND"AMP-1"

Paper describes shearing machines »Robertson Research« and shearing machine »AMP-1« for »softer« rocks. Maximal horizontal and vertical power for »AMP-1« is 400 kN for sample surface between 100 and 200 cm2, and can be used for shear tests along the plane of discontinuity of very hard rocks. Average content of CaCO3 in tested samples is 71,39%.U radu su opisani uređaji za smicanje »Robertson Research« i uređaj »AMP-1« za smicanje »mekših« stijena. Maksimalna horizontalna i vertikalna sila za »AMP-1« iznosi 400 kN za površinu uzoraka između 100 i 200 cm2, a može se koristiti i za ispitivanje smicanja po plohi diskontinuiteta vrlo čvrstih stijena. Prosječni sadržaj CaCO3 u ispitanim uzorcima iznosi 71,39%

Zachary Petzel Honors Portfolio

Zachary Petzel\u27s honors portfolio captured in December 2015

Motivation Predicts Self-Control of Racial Bias After Viewing Alcohol Advertisements

Exerting self-control shifts motivation toward rewarding cues (i.e., approach motivation) and impairs control of racial bias. However, whether approach motivation predicts deficits in control of racial bias is unknown. Exertion of self-control is also related to alcohol use, but whether exerting self-control shifts motivation toward alcohol-related cues is not established. Similar to exerting self-control, viewing alcohol-related cues shifts motivation and promotes racial bias. The current study examined the interaction between exerting self-control and viewing alcohol-related cues on approach motivation and its influence on racial bias. Participants (N = 71) exerted (or did not exert) self-control and then viewed neutral (e.g., water) and alcohol advertisements. To assess shifts toward rewarding cues, neurophysiological indices of approach motivation (LPP, cortical asymmetries) were assessed while participants viewed advertisements. Participants then completed a measure of racial bias assessing behavioral and neurophysiological indices of self-control (ERN, N2). No differences in approach motivation emerged between those who exerted or did not exert self-control. However, alcohol-related individual differences (alcohol identity, coping drinking motives, and alcohol sensitivity) predicted greater approach motivation (i.e., cortical asymmetries) while viewing alcohol advertisements among those who exerted self-control. Participants who exerted self-control also exhibited lower behavioral control of racial bias and impaired error detection (i.e., ERN). Greater approach motivation predicted lower behavioral control of racial bias and error detection, suggesting approach motivation is a mechanism for impaired self-control. Results support motivational theories on self-control and provide insight on the relations among alcohol advertising, self-control, and racial bias

Effects of supplemental amino acid and grain processing on nutrient disappearance and nitrogen and energy balance in cattle

Milk and meat production among cattle fed corn and corn products is often limited by available energy and amino acids absorbed from the diet. Nutrients available from feed to support lactation or growth are a result of digestion, absorption and metabolism. Ruminants have evolved pregastric fermentation, which requires an understanding of nutrient fermentation and absorption from the rumen together with an understanding of nutrient flows to the small and large intestine and nutrient absorbed from each segment of the alimentary tract. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate changes in efficiency of nutrient use between different substrates. Experiment 1 used bottle-fed Holstein calves across two experiments to evaluate the bioavailability of AA between polymerized and less polymerized sources of AA. Plasma essential AA increased linearly with increased intake of both sources of casein while the rate of increase in total plasma AA concentration tended to be 145 percent greater for calves fed hydrolyzed casein compared to casein. In the second sub experiment, calves were fed [epsilon]-polylysine or Lys-HCl to evaluate Lys bioavailability. Plasma Lys concentration increased linearly with increased intake of Lys from Lys-HCl while there was no plasma response to [epsilon]-polylysine. In another experiment, 8 ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were placed in a strip-plot design to evaluate effects of source of postruminal AA supply (casein vs crystalline AA analog abomasal infusion) and heating of soybeans (roasted versus unroasted) on plasma AA concentration and nutrient digestion. There was no difference in total tract digestion (DM, OM, NDF, ADF) between soybean processing or infusion types. Ruminal ammonia was 14 percent greater in cattle fed unroasted soybeans compared to roasted soybeans. Energy corrected milk was greater (P [less than] 0.01) when cattle were fed roasted compared to unroasted soybeans while ECM was less (P [less than or equal to] 0.02) with postruminal infusion of a crystalline AA analog of casein compared to control or casein. There was no effect of soybean heating on rate of change in plasma total AA concentration (P = 0.28). Rates of change in plasma EAA, non-EAA and total AA were greater (P [less than] 0.01) when casein was infused compared to a crystalline AA analog of casein. An additional study was conducted to evaluate nutrient digestion and energy balance across different sizes of cattle and processing of corn. In that experiment, 36 beef calves were used in a randomized complete block design. Eighteen calves (295 [plus or minus] 29 kg) and 18 yearlings (521 [plus or minus] 29 kg) were fed either whole, cracked or steam-flaked corn. Total tract starch digestion was greatest for cattle fed steam-flaked corn (97.5 percent), intermediate in cattle fed cracked (92.4 percent) and least in cattle fed whole corn (89.5 percent). As expected, digestible and metabolizable energy was greatest for cattle fed steam-flaked corn. Retained energy was greater (P [less than] 0.01) for cattle fed cracked compared to whole corn and tended to be greater than steam-flaked corn fed to cattle. These data indicate the importance of formulated diets in response to the form of ingredient included. A less polymerized source of AA, acid hydrolyzed casein, provided greater increases in plasma AA concentration in bottle-fed calves while a more polymerized source was more beneficial in lactating cows when post-gastrically infused. Furthermore, there is an energetic benefit to cracking corn compared to whole corn unlike current energy estimates published by the NASEM, 2016.Includes bibliographical references

Physiology of the wall-less Anaeroplasmataceae (Class Mollicutes) and related walled bacteria

Strictly anaerobic wall-less bacteria (Class Mollicutes, Order Anaeroplasmatales) were examined for enzymic activities of carbohydrate, purine, and pyrimidine metabolism. Cell-free extracts of Anaeroplasma intermedium and Asteroleplasma anaerobium had enzymic activities of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the nonoxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway. The phosphofructokinase (PFK) of An. intermedium was pyrophosphate-dependent (PP[subscript] i-dependent) whereas the PFK of As. anaerobium was active only with ATP. In addition, An. intermedium had pyruvate kinase activity and As. anaerobium had activity for pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase. An. intermedium was able to carboxylate phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to oxaloacetate via PEP carboxykinase and possibly PEP carboxytransphosphorylase; As. anaerobium did not have activities for either enzyme. In the tricarboxylic acid cycle, An. intermedium had malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, but As. anaerobium had only malate dehydrogenase activity. As. anaerobium possessed enzymes for purine salvage, interconverting purine bases, (deoxy)ribonucleosides, and (deoxy)ribomononucleotides; the nucleoside kinase was PP[subscript] i-dependent. As. anaerobium possessed enzymic activities for salvage synthesis of dTDP, but it lacked detectable activities for dCMP deaminase and cytidine deaminase;Walled bacteria that are phylogenetically related to the Mollicutes were examined for PP[subscript] i-dependent enzymes as indicators of their relatedness. Clostridium innocuum, Streptococcus pleomorphus, and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae had PP[subscript] i-PFK, and the PFK of Clostridium ramosum, Lactobacillus catenaformis, and Lactobacillus vitulinus was ATP-dependent. All the walled relatives except E. rhusiopathiae had pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase. C. innocuum, C. ramosum, and S. pleomorphus had PEP carboxytransphosphorylase. The acetate kinases of all the bacteria, including the strictly anaerobic mollicutes, were active with ATP but not PP[subscript] i. The pyruvate kinase activities of C. innocuum, C. ramosum, and S. pleomorphus were activated to a greater extent by glucose 6-phosphate than by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. AMP was the best activator in the two lactobacilli. The distributions of PP[subscript] i-dependent enzymes among these bacteria correlated with the proposed subdivisions of this group based on rRNA analyses

Evaluation of the suitability of Skylab data for the purpose of petroleum exploration

There are no author-identified significant results in this report