Os livros digitais no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e as suas implicações nos hábitos de leitura

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.Resumo O presente Relatório de Estágio foi realizado para o cumprimento dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do grau de mestre pela Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco. Este é o culminar da ação educativa desenvolvida durante as unidades curriculares de Prática Supervisionada em Educação Pré-Escolar e em Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, integrantes do plano de estudos do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Estas práticas foram realizadas, respetivamente, no Centro Social Padres Redentoristas, com um grupo de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 5/6 anos, e na Escola Básica Afonso de Paiva, com uma turma de 1º ano do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O objetivo da investigação é averiguar qual o contributo dos livros digitais no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, bem como averiguar se a sua utilização pode ou não constituir uma motivação para os alunos, no sentido de promover mais e melhores aprendizagens. A questão de investigação que conduziu a intervenção prática foi a seguinte: “Será que os livros digitais podem vir a constituir implicações nos hábitos de leitura nas crianças do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico?”. Partindo desta questão, os objetivos formulados foram: a) Fomentar a utilização das TIC no 1ºCEB visando a promoção da utilização de livros digitais na sala de aula; b) Comparar as aprendizagens e a motivação dos alunos quando é utilizada uma história impressa e uma história em formato digital; c) Averiguar qual o impacto da utilização de livros digitais no incremento de hábitos de leitura. A investigação realizada assumiu o desenho de investigação-ação sustentado num paradigma qualitativo interpretativo, capaz de compreender e descrever significados. Como técnicas de recolha de dados foram utilizadas as notas de campo, a observação participante, a entrevista semiestruturada à Orientadora Cooperante e a duas professoras do 1ºCEB, o inquérito por questionário aos alunos e os registos fotográficos. Nesta recolha de dados, existiu a participação direta dos alunos da turma, da Orientadora Cooperante e do «Par pedagógico». A análise dos dados revelou uma motivação expressa pela participação ativa dos alunos ao longo de toda a investigação, tendo, por isso, o uso de livros digitais proporcionado nos alunos mais motivação e empenho. Revelou também que tanto os alunos como a Orientadora Cooperante manifestaram uma opinião consensual no sentido de realçarem a importância dos livros digitais pela capacidade demonstrada em motivar, dado o caráter intuitivo que os mesmos proporcionam, tendo implicado um maior nível de atenção e de compreensão leitora por parte das crianças.This Internship Report aims to fulfill the requisitions for the attainment of the master’s degree by Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco. This is the climax of the educative action undertaken during the curricular units of Supervised Practice (PES) in pre-school Education and teaching of the first cycle of basic education, included in the study plan of the master's degree in Preschool Education and teaching of the first cycle of basic education. These practices took place, respectively, in the Centro Social Padres Redentoristas, with a group of children at the ages of 5-6 years old, and in the Escola Básica Afonso de Paiva, with a class of first-year students of the Cycle of basic education. The goal of this investigation is to ascertain the contribute of digital books in the a study on the first Cycle of basic education, and to determine whether its use represents a motivation for students, in the context of the promotion and improvement of learning skills. The investigative question that led to this practical intervention was the following: “Can digital books lead to implications in the reading habits of children of the first Cycle of basic education?” From this question, we were able to draft some objectives: a) To encourage the usage of ICT in the 1ºCEB aiming to promote the use of digital books in the classroom; b) To compare students’ learning and motivation when a story is printed in relation to when it has a digital format; c) To determine the impact of the usage of digital books on improving reading habits. This investigation assumed the scheme of investigation-action, sustained by a qualitative interpretative paradigm, which is able to comprehend and describe meaning. As data collection techniques, we used field notes, participant observation, semi-structured interview with the Cooperating Tutor and two 1ºCEB professors, the students’ questionnaire and photographic records. In this data collection, we had the direct participation of the students in the class, the Cooperating Tutor and the «Pedagogic peer». The data analysis revealed an increase in motivation expressed by the active participation of students along all of the investigation, which means that the usage of digital books instilled more motivation and commitment in the students. It also showed that both the students and the Cooperating Tutor expressed a consensual opinion as to reinforcing the importance of digital books, which was mirrored in the ability to motivate that they demonstrated, given the intuitive nature of the process, which required a higher level of concentration and reading understanding by the children

Substantial improvement of pyridine-carbene iridium water oxidation catalysts by a simple methyl-to-octyl substitution

The substitution of a methyl to an octyl group in the ancillary triazolylidene ligand—an apparently simple variation—induces a more than 10-fold increase of activity of the corresponding iridium complex in water oxidation catalysis when using cerium(IV) as sacrificial oxidant. Detailed NMR studies suggest that various different molecular species form, all bearing the intact triazolylidene ligand. The octyl substituent is essential for inducing the association of the iridium species, thus generating extraordinarily active multimetallic catalytic sites. Their accessibility and steady-state concentration is critically dependent on the type of sacrificial oxidant and specifically on the cerium ammonium nitrate versus catayst ratio

Synthesis of platinum (II) N-heterocyclic carbenes based on adenosine

Funding Information: This research was funded by national funds through FCT?Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia, I.P., Project MOSTMICRO-ITQB (refs. UIDB/04612/2020 and UIDP/04612/2020), and IF/00109/2014/CP1244/CT0007. This work was also supported by FCT fellowships number PD/BD/135483/2018 (M.I.P.S.L.) and SFRH/BD/1444412019 (G.F.). Clara S. B. Gomes acknowledges the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry?LAQV and the Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit?UCIBIO, which are financed by national funds from Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia (UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/2020, UIDB/04378/2020, UIDP/04378/2020, respectively).The NMR spectra were acquired at CERMAX?ITQB, integrated in the National NMR Network and are partially supported by Infrastructure Project No. 022161 (co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, PORL and FCT through PIDDAC). Mass spectroscopy measurements were obtained by the UniMass Laboratory at ITQB-NOVA, Portugal. Clara S. B. Gomes acknowledges the XTAL?Macromolecular Crystallography group for granting access to the X-ray diffractometer. X-ray infrastructure financed by FCT-MCTES through project RECI/BBB-BEP/0124/2012. Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by national funds through FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., Project MOSTMICRO-ITQB (refs. UIDB/04612/2020 and UIDP/04612/2020), and IF/00109/2014/CP1244/CT0007. This work was also supported by FCT fellowships number PD/BD/135483/2018 (M.I.P.S.L.) and SFRH/BD/1444412019 (G.F.). Clara S. B. Gomes acknowledges the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry—LAQV and the Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit—UCIBIO, which are financed by national funds from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/2020, UIDB/04378/2020, UIDP/04378/2020, respectively). Funding Information: Acknowledgments: The NMR spectra were acquired at CERMAX—ITQB, integrated in the National NMR Network and are partially supported by Infrastructure Project No. 022161 (co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, PORL and FCT through PIDDAC). Mass spectroscopy measurements were obtained by the UniMass Laboratory at ITQB-NOVA, Portugal. Clara S. B. Gomes acknowledges the XTAL—Macromolecular Crystallography group for granting access to the X-ray diffractometer. X-ray infrastructure financed by FCT-MCTES through project RECI/BBB-BEP/0124/2012. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Organometallic derivatization of nucleosides is a highly promising strategy for the im-provement of the therapeutic profile of nucleosides. Herein, a methodology for the synthesis of metalated adenosine with a deprotected ribose moiety is described. Platinum (II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes based on adenosine were synthesized, namely N-heterocyclic carbenes bearing a protected and unprotected ribose ring. Reaction of the 8-bromo-2′,3′,5′-tri-O-acetyladenosine with Pt (PPh3)4 by C8−Br oxidative addition yielded complex 1, with a PtII centre bonded to C-8 and an unprotonated N7. Complex 1 reacted at N7 with HBF4 or methyl iodide, yielding protic carbene 2 or methyl carbene 3, respectively. Deprotection of 1 to yield 4 was achieved with NH4OH. Deprotected compound 4 reacted at N7 with HCl solutions to yield protic NHC 5 or with methyl iodide yielding methyl carbene 6. Protic N-heterocyclic carbene 5 is not stable in DMSO solutions leading to the formation of compound 7, in which a bromide was replaced by chloride. The cis-influence of complexes 1–7 was examined by31P{1H} and195Pt NMR. Complexes 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 induce a decrease of1 JPt,P of more than 300 Hz, as result of the higher cis-influence of the N-heterocyclic carbene when compared to the azolato ligand in 1 and 4.publishersversionpublishe

Petrology and geochemistry of the banded iron formation in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of San Luis (Argentina) : Implications for the evolution of the Nogolí Metamorphic Complex

The metamorphosed banded iron formation from the Nogolí Metamorphic Complex of western Sierra de San Luis, Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina (Nogolí area, 32°55'S-66°15'W) is classified as an oxide facies iron formation of Algoma Type, with a tectonic setting possibly associated with an island arc or back arc, on the basis of field mapping, mineral and textural arrangements and whole rock geochemical features. The origin of banded iron formation is mainly related to chemical precipitation of hydrogenous sediments from seawater in oceanic environments. The primary chemical precipitate is a result of solutions that represent mixtures of seawater and hydrothermal fluids, with significant dilution by mafic-ultramafic volcanic and siliciclastic materials. Multi-stage TDM model ages of 1670, 1854 and 1939 Ma and positive, mantle-like ξ Nd(1502) values of +3.8, +1.5 and +0.5 from the banded iron formation are around the range of those mafic to ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks of Nogolí Metamorphic Complex, which are between 1679 and 1765 Ma and +2.64 and +3.68, respectively. This Sm and Nd isotopic connection suggests a close genetic relationship between ferruginous and mafic-ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks, as part of the same island arc or back arc setting. A previous Sm-Nd whole rock isochron of ∼1.5 Ga performed on mafic-ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks led to the interpretation that chemical sedimentation as old as Mesoproterozoic is possible for the banded iron formation. A clockwise P-T path can be inferred for the regional metamorphic evolution of the banded iron formation, with three distinctive trajectories: (1) Relict prograde M1-M3 segment with gradual P and T increase from greenschist facies at M1 to amphibolite facies at M3. (2) Peak P-T conditions at high amphibolite-low granulite facies during M4. (3) Retrograde counterpart of M4, that returns from amphibolite facies and stabilizes at greenschist facies during M5. Each trajectory may be regarded as produced by different tectonic events related to the Pampean? (1) and the Famatinian (2 and 3) orogenies, during the Early to Middle Paleozoic. The Nogolí Metamorphic Complex is interpreted as part of a greenstone belt within the large Meso- to Neoproterozoic Pampean Terrane of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina.El mapeo de campo, la mineralogía y texturas y las características geoquímicas de roca total de la formación ferrífera bandeada metamorfizada del Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí, Sierras Pampeanas Orientales de Argentina (área de Nogolí, 32°55’S – 66°15’O) permiten clasificarla como una formación ferrífera de facies de óxidos y tipo Algoma. El ambiente tectónico se asocia posiblemente con un arco de islas o retroarco. El origen del BIF está relacionado principalmente con precipitación química de sedimentos hidrógenos desde el agua de mar en ambientes oceánicos. El precipitado químico primario es un resultado de soluciones que representan mezcla de agua de mar y fluidos hidrotermales, y significativa disolución con materiales silicoclásticos y volcánicos máficoultramáficos. El BIF tiene edades modelo TDM de 1670, 1854 y 1939 Ma y valores mantélicos positivos de ξNd(1502) de +3.8, +1.5 y +0.5, que están en el rango de aquellos de las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas del Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí, cuyos valores varían entre 1679 - 1765 Ma y +2.64 a +3.68 respectivamente. Esta conexión isotópica Sm-Nd sugiere una estrecha vinculación genética entre las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas y las ferruginosas, como parte del mismo ambiente da arco de islas o retroarco. Una isocrona Sm-Nd roca total previa, proveniente de las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas, de ~1.5 Ga permite interpretar que para el BIF es posible una edad de sedimentación química tan antigua como Mesoproterozoico. Un patrón P-T horario puede ser inferido para la evolución metamórfica regional del BIF, con tres trayectorias distintivas: (1) Segmento relíctico progrado M1-M3, con incremento gradual de P y T desde facies esquistos verdes en M1 hasta facies anfibolita en M3. (2) Pico de P-T en facies anfibolita alta-granulita baja durante M4. (3) Contraparte retrógrada de M4, que retorna desde facies anfibolita y se estabiliza en facies esquistos verdes durante M5. Cada trayectoria puede ser vinculada con diferentes eventos tectónicos relacionados con las orogenias Pampeana? (1) y Famatiniana (2 y 3) del Paleozoico Temprano a Medio. El Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí es interpretado como parte de un greenstone belt dentro del Terreno Pampeano de edad meso- a neoproterozoica de las Sierras Pampeanas Orientales de Argentina.Centro de Investigaciones Geológica

Petrology and geochemistry of the banded iron formation in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of San Luis (Argentina) : Implications for the evolution of the Nogolí Metamorphic Complex

The metamorphosed banded iron formation from the Nogolí Metamorphic Complex of western Sierra de San Luis, Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina (Nogolí area, 32°55'S-66°15'W) is classified as an oxide facies iron formation of Algoma Type, with a tectonic setting possibly associated with an island arc or back arc, on the basis of field mapping, mineral and textural arrangements and whole rock geochemical features. The origin of banded iron formation is mainly related to chemical precipitation of hydrogenous sediments from seawater in oceanic environments. The primary chemical precipitate is a result of solutions that represent mixtures of seawater and hydrothermal fluids, with significant dilution by mafic-ultramafic volcanic and siliciclastic materials. Multi-stage TDM model ages of 1670, 1854 and 1939 Ma and positive, mantle-like ξ Nd(1502) values of +3.8, +1.5 and +0.5 from the banded iron formation are around the range of those mafic to ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks of Nogolí Metamorphic Complex, which are between 1679 and 1765 Ma and +2.64 and +3.68, respectively. This Sm and Nd isotopic connection suggests a close genetic relationship between ferruginous and mafic-ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks, as part of the same island arc or back arc setting. A previous Sm-Nd whole rock isochron of ∼1.5 Ga performed on mafic-ultramafic meta-volcanic rocks led to the interpretation that chemical sedimentation as old as Mesoproterozoic is possible for the banded iron formation. A clockwise P-T path can be inferred for the regional metamorphic evolution of the banded iron formation, with three distinctive trajectories: (1) Relict prograde M1-M3 segment with gradual P and T increase from greenschist facies at M1 to amphibolite facies at M3. (2) Peak P-T conditions at high amphibolite-low granulite facies during M4. (3) Retrograde counterpart of M4, that returns from amphibolite facies and stabilizes at greenschist facies during M5. Each trajectory may be regarded as produced by different tectonic events related to the Pampean? (1) and the Famatinian (2 and 3) orogenies, during the Early to Middle Paleozoic. The Nogolí Metamorphic Complex is interpreted as part of a greenstone belt within the large Meso- to Neoproterozoic Pampean Terrane of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina.El mapeo de campo, la mineralogía y texturas y las características geoquímicas de roca total de la formación ferrífera bandeada metamorfizada del Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí, Sierras Pampeanas Orientales de Argentina (área de Nogolí, 32°55’S – 66°15’O) permiten clasificarla como una formación ferrífera de facies de óxidos y tipo Algoma. El ambiente tectónico se asocia posiblemente con un arco de islas o retroarco. El origen del BIF está relacionado principalmente con precipitación química de sedimentos hidrógenos desde el agua de mar en ambientes oceánicos. El precipitado químico primario es un resultado de soluciones que representan mezcla de agua de mar y fluidos hidrotermales, y significativa disolución con materiales silicoclásticos y volcánicos máficoultramáficos. El BIF tiene edades modelo TDM de 1670, 1854 y 1939 Ma y valores mantélicos positivos de ξNd(1502) de +3.8, +1.5 y +0.5, que están en el rango de aquellos de las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas del Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí, cuyos valores varían entre 1679 - 1765 Ma y +2.64 a +3.68 respectivamente. Esta conexión isotópica Sm-Nd sugiere una estrecha vinculación genética entre las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas y las ferruginosas, como parte del mismo ambiente da arco de islas o retroarco. Una isocrona Sm-Nd roca total previa, proveniente de las rocas volcánicas máficas-ultramáficas, de ~1.5 Ga permite interpretar que para el BIF es posible una edad de sedimentación química tan antigua como Mesoproterozoico. Un patrón P-T horario puede ser inferido para la evolución metamórfica regional del BIF, con tres trayectorias distintivas: (1) Segmento relíctico progrado M1-M3, con incremento gradual de P y T desde facies esquistos verdes en M1 hasta facies anfibolita en M3. (2) Pico de P-T en facies anfibolita alta-granulita baja durante M4. (3) Contraparte retrógrada de M4, que retorna desde facies anfibolita y se estabiliza en facies esquistos verdes durante M5. Cada trayectoria puede ser vinculada con diferentes eventos tectónicos relacionados con las orogenias Pampeana? (1) y Famatiniana (2 y 3) del Paleozoico Temprano a Medio. El Complejo Metamórfico Nogolí es interpretado como parte de un greenstone belt dentro del Terreno Pampeano de edad meso- a neoproterozoica de las Sierras Pampeanas Orientales de Argentina.Centro de Investigaciones Geológica

Copper Acts Synergistically With Fluconazole in Candida glabrata by Compromising Drug Efflux, Sterol Metabolism, and Zinc Homeostasis

Funding Information: This work was supported by (1) Project LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007660 (“Microbiologia Molecular, Estrutural e Celular”) funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 – “Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização” (POCI); (2) “Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia” (FCT) through programme IF (IF/00124/2015) to CP; (3) the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 810856; (4) COST Action CA15133, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology); and (5) PPBI – Portuguese Platform of BioImaging (PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122) co-funded by national funds from OE – “Orçamento de Estado” and by FEDER. AG-C was supported by a FCT Ph.D. fellowship (SFRH/BD/118866/2016), and CA and VP by a FCT contract according to DL57/2016 (SFRH/BPD/74294/2010 and SFRH/BPD/87188/2012, respectively). Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Gaspar-Cordeiro, Amaral, Pobre, Antunes, Petronilho, Paixão, Matos and Pimentel.The synergistic combinations of drugs are promising strategies to boost the effectiveness of current antifungals and thus prevent the emergence of resistance. In this work, we show that copper and the antifungal fluconazole act synergistically against Candida glabrata, an opportunistic pathogenic yeast intrinsically tolerant to fluconazole. Analyses of the transcriptomic profile of C. glabrata after the combination of copper and fluconazole showed that the expression of the multidrug transporter gene CDR1 was decreased, suggesting that fluconazole efflux could be affected. In agreement, we observed that copper inhibits the transactivation of Pdr1, the transcription regulator of multidrug transporters and leads to the intracellular accumulation of fluconazole. Copper also decreases the transcriptional induction of ergosterol biosynthesis (ERG) genes by fluconazole, which culminates in the accumulation of toxic sterols. Co-treatment of cells with copper and fluconazole should affect the function of proteins located in the plasma membrane, as several ultrastructural alterations, including irregular cell wall and plasma membrane and loss of cell wall integrity, were observed. Finally, we show that the combination of copper and fluconazole downregulates the expression of the gene encoding the zinc-responsive transcription regulator Zap1, which possibly, together with the membrane transporters malfunction, generates zinc depletion. Supplementation with zinc reverts the toxic effect of combining copper with fluconazole, underscoring the importance of this metal in the observed synergistic effect. Overall, this work, while unveiling the molecular basis that supports the use of copper to enhance the effectiveness of fluconazole, paves the way for the development of new metal-based antifungal strategies.publishe

Antitumor Activity and Reductive Stress by Platinum(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbenes based on Guanosine**

Funding Information: We thank Fernanda Murtinheira for the support on the autophagy measurements. This work was supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through MOSTMICRO‐ITQB R&D Unit (UIDB/04612/2020, UIDP/04612/2020) and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory (LA/P/0087/2020). M.I.P.S.L. was supported by fellowships PD/BD/135483/2018 and COVID/BD/152502/2022 from FCT. A.P. acknowledges the contract CEECINST/00102/2018. The NMR spectra were acquired at CERMAX–ITQB, supported by Infrastructure Project No. 022161 (co‐financed by FEDER through COMPETE 2020, POCI, PORL and FCT through PIDDAC). C.S.B. Gomes acknowledges the XTAL – Macromolecular Crystallography group for granting access to the X‐ray diffractometer. X‐ray infrastructure financed by FCT‐MCTES through project RECI/BBBBEP/0124/2012. FH was supported by Centre grants from FCT to the BioISI Research Unit (Refs. UIDB/04046/2020 and UIDP/04046/2020) and the Microscopy facility at FCUL (as a node of the Portuguese Platform of BioImaging, reference PPBI‐POCI‐01‐0145‐FEDER‐022122), and by individual grants through FCT (Ref. PTDC/FIS‐MAC/2741/2021) and the ARSACS Foundation (Canada). Maria Turos‐Cabal was supported by fellowship from the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC, SV‐19‐AECC‐FPI) and the Consejería de Economía y Empleo del Principado de Asturias (FICYT, Severo‐Ochoa BP20‐073). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.Platinum(II) complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbenes based guanosine and caffeine have been synthesized by unassisted C−H oxidative addition, leading to the corresponding trans-hydride complexes. Platinum guanosine derivatives bearing triflate as counterion or bromide instead of hydride as co-ligand were also synthesized to facilitate correlation between structure and activity. The hydride compounds show high antiproliferative activity against all cell lines (TC-71, MV-4-11, U-937 and A-172). Methyl Guanosine complex 3, bearing a hydride ligand, is up to 30 times more active than compound 4, with a bromide in the same position. Changing the counterion has no significant effect in antiproliferative activity. Increasing bulkiness at N7, with an isopropyl group (compound 6), allows to maintain the antiproliferative activity while decreasing toxicity for non-cancer cells. Compound 6 leads to an increase in endoplasmic reticulum and autophagy markers on TC71 and MV-4-11 cancer cells, induces reductive stress and increases glutathione levels in cancer cells but not in non-cancer cell line HEK-293.preprintinpres

Dexamethasone Treatment Reverses Cognitive Impairment but Increases Brain Oxidative Stress in Rats Submitted to Pneumococcal Meningitis

Pneumococcal meningitis is associated with a significant mortality rate and neurologic sequelae. The animals received either 10 μL of saline or a S. pneumoniae suspension and were randomized into different groups: sham: placebo with dexamethasone 0.7 mg/kg/1 day; placebo with dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg/7 days; meningitis groups: dexamethasone 0.7 mg/kg/1 day and dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg/7 days. Ten days after induction we evaluated memory and oxidative stress parameters in hippocampus and cortex. In the step-down inhibitory avoidance task, we observed memory impairment in the meningitis group with dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg/7 days. The lipid peroxidation was increased in hippocampus in the meningitis groups with dexamethasone and in cortex only in the meningitis group with dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg/7 days. The protein carbonyl was increased in hippocampus in the meningitis groups with dexamethasone and in cortex in the meningitis groups with and without dexamethasone. There was a decrease in the proteins integrity in hippocampus in all groups receiving treatment with dexamethasone and in cortex in all groups with dexamethasone (0.7 mg/kg/1 day). The mitochondrial superoxide was increased in the hippocampus and cortex in the meningitis group with dexamethasone 0.2 mg/kg/7 days. Our findings demonstrate that dexamethasone reverted cognitive impairment but increased brain oxidative stress in hippocampus and cortex in Wistar rats ten days after pneumococcal meningitis induction

Potato Chips Byproducts as Feedstocks for Developing Active Starch-Based Films with Potential for Cheese Packaging

publishedVersio

Formal support after NNICC clinical discharge

Communication (nº4) included in symposium: National Network of Integrated Continuous Care: evolution of the dependents health profile. Symposium coordinator: Fernando Petronilho, Escola Superior de Enfermagem da Universidade do Minho, [email protected]: The resources available to families that integrate dependents are facilitating factors of healthy transitions. The research carried out in Portugal shows that there is inadequate formal network support to self-care dependents after home return. Objective: Identify the formal network support for dependents, after clinical discharge from the National Network of Integrated Continuous Care (NNCCI) to home. Material and Methods: An exploratory study of quantitative profile. The sample includes 418 families that integrate dependents, after clinical discharge from the NNICC to home, in the Minho region of Portugal. Was applied the form "Profile of the dependents Integrated in the NNICC providers" during one year (2013 to 2014). Results: In clinical discharge for most families was planned medical [84.1% (N = 351)] and nursing [53.8% (N = 224)] support, with appointments at the health center or house scheduling; [44.8% (N = 187)] were referred for physiotherapy services and only [2.9% (N = 12)] had support of Home Support Services (HSS). In families who had not planned nursing support [46.2% (N = 194)] after clinical discharge of the dependent, it was found that 47.9% (N = 93) of family caregivers (FC) play the role for the 1st time and 20.1% (N = 39) of the dependent relatives are totally dependent. Conclusion: The study revealed insufficient support from the formal network, in particular, by the nursing teams to families that integrate the most dependent patients. Those, in view of their very vulnerable health condition, require of the FC higher intensity and complexity of care, hence, they cannot “be alone" in the taking care process. Clinical discharge should be planned with more professionalism