Midterm Results of an Anatomical Radial Head Arthroplasty for Treating Fractures and Degenerative Joint Diseases of the Radial Head

Background: Radial head arthroplasty (RHA) is typically performed to restore elbow stability or function in patients with fractures or degenerative joint diseases. The procedure requires a specific operating technique to avoid complications such as overstuffing, capitellar erosion, stiffness, instability, micro motion, and loosening. It is difficult to restore native radial head function reliably. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 45 patients who underwent radial head arthroplasty using the ALIGN radial head implant (ALIGN Radial Head System, Skeletal Dynamics, Miami, FL) at our institution. A total of 15 patients met inclusion criteria and were contacted to complete a QuickDASH questionnaire, with additional questions on range of motion, strength, stability, pain, and satisfaction. The monoblock ALIGN implant has a long, press-fit stem coated in titanium plasma spray (TPS), is comprised of cobalt chrome, and is anatomically aligned by the provided alignment jig. Results: Of the 15 patients, one reported severe loss of motion. No patient reported severe loss of strength, loss of stability, or pain. The average QuickDASH score was 12.62 (SD, 18.06) of 100, and the average patient satisfaction score was 8.80 (SD, 2.18) of 10. Conclusions: Radial head arthroplasty may result in suboptimal performance. Functional outcomes after using this implant with monoblock design have been favorable. The design may accurately replicate the anatomical function of the native radial head, and the long, TPS-coated press-fit stem may provide more stability and osseous integration than other implants. The results of this study indicated satisfactory midterm results after use of the ALIGN implant in radial head arthroplasty

Regional Frequency Analysis of extremes flows in Northern of Spain

[EN] This paper presents a study of regional frequency analysis of peak flows in Cantabrian and North Atlantic basins of Spain, based on the index-flood procedure with estimated parameters by L-moments approach (Hosking and Wallis, 1997). Observed annual maximum flow series of 85 gauged catchment areas in natural regime with records from 15 to 72 years were analyzed. The discordancy and heterogeneity measures based on the L-moments suggest 9 statistical homogeneous regions in which the same frequency distribution function is shared except for a scale factor. The main contribution of the study is the distinction of the regions according to their pluvial or snow character and the model capacity to estimate extreme peak flows with greater robustness than other methodologies.[ES] En el presente trabajo se ha desarrollado un modelo estadístico para estimar la frecuencia de caudales punta en la vertiente cantábrica y noratlántica de España, basándose en la metodología de Análisis Regional con sus parámetros estimados por los L-momentos (Hosking y Wallis, 1997). Para ello se ha contado con 85 puntos de aforo en régimen natural, con registros de caudal máximo anual entre los 15 y 72 años. Los resultados del estudio revelan la existencia de 9 regiones estadísticamente homogéneas, es decir, regiones que comparten la misma función de distribución de frecuencias excepto por un factor de escala. Como principales conclusiones del estudio cabe subrayar la distinción de regiones según su carácter pluvial o nival, así como la capacidad del modelo propuesto para estimar valores extremos de caudales punta con mayor robustez que otras metodologías.La investigación presentada ha sido parcialmente financiada por el Grupo de Tecnología e Innovación de GAS NATURAL FENOSA, al cual se quiere dar un reconocimiento especial por apostar por el desarrollo de este trabajo.Montes, J.; Álvarez, M.; Pertierra, L.; Moralo, J.; Baztán, J. (2018). Análisis regional de frecuencia de avenidas en la vertiente cantábrica y noratlántica de España. Ingeniería del Agua. 22(2):93-107. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2018.8782SWORD93107222Álvarez, M. 1999. Análisis regional de frecuencia aplicado a las precipitaciones máximas y avenidas. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.CEDEX, 2009. Mapa de caudales máximos de avenida para la red fluvial de la España peninsular. Informe Técnico para la Dirección General del Agua del MARM. Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos del CEDEX, Madrid, Spain.Chiew, F., Siriwardena, L. 2005. Trend/Change detection software. USER GUIDE. CRC for Catchment Hydrology, Australia.Cunnane, C. 1988. Methods and merits of regional flood frequency analysis. Journal of Hydrology, 100, 269-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90188-6Dalrymple, T. 1960. Flood frequency analysis. USGS Water Supply Paper 1543-A.Fisher, R., Tippet, L. H. C. 1928. Limiting forms of the frequency distributions of the largest or smallest member of a sample. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 24, 180-190. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305004100015681Gumbel, E. J. 1958. Statistics of extremes. Columbia University Press, New York, USA.Hosking, J. R. M. 1990. L-moments: Analysis and Estimation of Distributions using Linear Combinations of order Statistics. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser. B, 52(1), 105-124.Hosking, J. R. M., Wallis, J. R. 1997. Regional frequency analysis: an approach based on L-moments. Cambridge University Press., UK. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511529443Hosking, J.R.M. 2014a. Regional frequency analysis using L-moments. R package: lmomRFA, versión 3.0: July, 2, 2014. Accesible en https://cran.r-project.org/package=lmomRFA. Último acceso: abril 2018.Hosking, J.R.M. 2014b. L-moments. R package: lmom, versión 2.4: July, 2, 2014. Accesible en https://cran.r-project.org/package=lmomRFA. Último acceso: abril 2018.http://augasdegalicia.xunta.galhttp://www.bizkaia.eushttp://www.chcantabrico.es/index.php/es/https://www.chminosil.es/eshttp://www.gipuzkoa.eushttp://ceh-flumen64.cedex.es/general/default.htmhttp://www.meteogalicia.galhttp://www.navarra.es/home_eshttp://sig.mapama.es/redes-seguimiento/Jiménez, A., Mediero, L., García C. 2014. Análisis y selección de modelos estadísticos para el ajuste de la ley de frecuencia de caudales máximos anuales en España. Ingeniería Civil, 174, 5-31Kundzewicz, Z.W., Robson, A. (Editors) 2000. Detecting Trend and Other Changes in Hydrological Data. World Climate Program - Water, WMO/UNESCO, WCDMP-45, WMO/TD 1013, Geneva.Potter, K. W., Lettenmaier, D. P. 1990. A comparison of regional flood frequency estimation methods using a resampling method. Water Resources Research, 26(3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i003p00415Ward, J. H. 1963. Hierarchical Grouping to Optimize an Objective Function. Journal of American Statistical Association, 58(301), 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845WMO, 2009. Guide to Hydrological Practices. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

Mediated Diasporas: Material Translations of the Philippines in a Globalized World

Recent work demonstrates the ways that new media and ICTs both in the Philippines and among Filipino diasporans have become central to contemporary processes of identity formation, altering and enabling the articulation of alternative selves and expanding spatially Filipino national identifications and definitions of ‘home’ (Pertierra 2002, 2006, 2010 Tyner and Kuhlke 2000, Ignacio 2005). While attending to media in the specific sense of particular social technologies of mass communication, we extend that work here drawing together new empirical studies both to demonstrate the various ways that a wide range of differently situated migrants make use of those media and by considering processes of mediation in a much broader sense (Mazzarella 2004), an approach that draws together both an analysis of the ‘materialities of migration’ (Basu and Coleman 2008) and ‘the technics of translation’ (Rafael 2005)

Who Laughs at a Rape Joke? Illiberal Responsiveness in Rodrigo Duterte\u27s Philippines

When a presidential contender makes a joke about lusting over a dead Australian missionary, calls the Pope the son of a whore, and confesses to killing criminals during his tenure as city mayor, one could expect that this candidate would not go very far. But not in the year 2016. Dubbed as ‘the year of voting dangerously,’ the Philippines rode the tide of global discontent and gave landslide victory to the controversial Rodrigo Duterte. This chapter examines the discursive underpinnings of Duterte’s rise to power by focusing on the process in which his supporters made ethical calculations from listening to his official speeches, live performance on television debates, and broader discussions in news and social media during the campaign period. We argue that Duterte’s ‘crass politics’ is a push back to the dominant moral politics perpetuated by institutions associated to the Philippines\u27 liberal democratic elite. While we condemn the Duterte regime’s disregard for human rights and due process, especially in the context of his bloody war on drugs, we also advocate a closer look at the ethics of Duterte’s responsiveness to deep-seated injuries endured by his constituencies both among marginalised and middle-class communities. Through a careful yet critical unpacking of his ‘crass politics of responsiveness’ from ethnographic research with Duterte supporters and media analysis of Duterte’s public performances, we hope to put forward a precise understanding of the emerging moral politics that underpins this unorthodox regime

Protect global values of the Southern Ocean ecosystem

The Southern Ocean, which comprises ∼10% of the global ocean, is critically important to the homeostasis of the Earth system, exhibits distinctive marine biodiversity, and has tremendous scientific, diplomatic, and wilderness value. Yet, the region and its suite of global values are critically threatened by climate change, which is exacerbated by commercial fishing, an activity that provides value for relatively few industrial actors and compromises the greater values that the Southern Ocean ecosystem provides to the world. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), the arm of the Antarctic Treaty System responsible for managing Southern Ocean marine living resources, meets in October–November 2022 and is under pressure to strengthen fisheries management, especially toward climate change resilience. We encourage improved management practices that account for the environmental externalities arising from trade-offs between fishing and the global contribution of the Southern Ocean ecosystem, including under a changing climate.The Pew Charitable Trusts; Biodiversa ASICS. U.R.S. and the University of British Columbia–based Solving Food-Climate-Biodiversity research partnership sponsored by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.http://www.sciencemag.orghj2023Plant Production and Soil Scienc

Polymedia: Towards a new theory of digital media in interpersonal communication

This article develops a new theory of polymedia in order to understand the consequences of digital media in the context of interpersonal communication. Drawing on illustrative examples from a comparative ethnography of Filipino and Caribbean transnational families, the article develops the contours of a theory of polymedia. We demonstrate how users avail themselves of new media as a communicative environment of affordances rather than as a catalogue of ever proliferating but discrete technologies. As a consequence, with polymedia the primary concern shifts from the constraints imposed by each individual medium to an emphasis upon the social, emotional and moral consequences of choosing between those different media. As the choice of medium acquires communicative intent, navigating the environment of polymedia becomes inextricably linked to the ways in which interpersonal relationships are experienced and managed. Polymedia is ultimately about a new relationship between the social and the technological, rather than merely a shift in the technology itself

An expert-driven framework for applying eDNA tools to improve biosecurity in the Antarctic

Signatories to the Antarctic Treaty System’s Environmental Protocol are committed to preventing incursions of non-native species into Antarctica, but systematic surveillance is rare. Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods provide new opportunities for enhancing detection of non-native species and biosecurity monitoring. To be effective for Antarctic biosecurity, eDNA tests must have appropriate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish non-native from native Antarctic species, and be fit-for-purpose. This requires knowledge of the priority risk species or taxonomic groups for which eDNA surveillance will be informative, validated eDNA assays for those species or groups, and reference DNA sequences for both target non-native and related native Antarctic species. Here, we used an expert elicitation process and decision-by-consensus approach to identify and assess priority biosecurity risks for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) in East Antarctica, including identifying high priority non-native species and their potential transport pathways. We determined that the priority targets for biosecurity monitoring were not individual species, but rather broader taxonomic groups such as mussels (Mytilus species), tunicates (Ascidiacea), springtails (Collembola), and grasses (Poaceae). These groups each include multiple species with high risks of introduction to and/or establishment in Antarctica. The most appropriate eDNA methods for the AAP must be capable of detecting a range of species within these high-risk groups (e.g., eDNA metabarcoding). We conclude that the most beneficial Antarctic eDNA biosecurity applications include surveillance of marine species in nearshore environments, terrestrial invertebrates, and biofouling species on vessels visiting Antarctica. An urgent need exists to identify suitable genetic markers for detecting priority species groups, establish baseline terrestrial and marine biodiversity for Antarctic stations, and develop eDNA sampling methods for detecting biofouling organisms

An expert-driven framework for applying eDNA tools to improve biosecurity in the Antarctic

Signatories to the Antarctic Treaty System’s Environmental Protocol are committed to preventing incursions of non-native species into Antarctica, but systematic surveillance is rare. Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods provide new opportunities for enhancing detection of non-native species and biosecurity monitoring. To be effective for Antarctic biosecurity, eDNA tests must have appropriate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish non-native from native Antarctic species, and be fit-for-purpose. This requires knowledge of the priority risk species or taxonomic groups for which eDNA surveillance will be informative, validated eDNA assays for those species or groups, and reference DNA sequences for both target non-native and related native Antarctic species. Here, we used an expert elicitation process and decision-by-consensus approach to identify and assess priority biosecurity risks for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) in East Antarctica, including identifying high priority non-native species and their potential transport pathways. We determined that the priority targets for biosecurity monitoring were not individual species, but rather broader taxonomic groups such as mussels (Mytilus species), tunicates (Ascidiacea), springtails (Collembola), and grasses (Poaceae). These groups each include multiple species with high risks of introduction to and/or establishment in Antarctica. The most appropriate eDNA methods for the AAP must be capable of detecting a range of species within these high-risk groups (e.g., eDNA metabarcoding). We conclude that the most beneficial Antarctic eDNA biosecurity applications include surveillance of marine species in nearshore environments, terrestrial invertebrates, and biofouling species on vessels visiting Antarctica. An urgent need exists to identify suitable genetic markers for detecting priority species groups, establish baseline terrestrial and marine biodiversity for Antarctic stations, and develop eDNA sampling methods for detecting biofouling organisms.This work was supported as a Science Innovation Project by the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment’s Science Innovation Program funding 2021–22 (project team: A.J.M., L.J.C., D.M.B., C.K.K., J.S.S. and L.S.). Support was also provided (to J.D.S, E.L.J., S.A.R., J.S.S., M.I.S., J.M.S., N.G.W.) from Australian Research Council SRIEAS grant SR200100005. P.C. and K.A.H. are supported by NERC core funding to the BAS Biodiversity, Evolution and Adaptation Team and Environment Office, respectively. L.R.P. and M.G. are supported by Biodiversa ASICS funding

Mobile phone parenting: Reconfiguring relationships between Filipina migrant mothers and their left-behind children

The Philippines is an intensely migrant society with an annual migration of one million people, leading to over a tenth of the population working abroad. Many of these emigrants are mothers who often have children left behind. Family separation is now recognized as one of the social costs of migration affecting the global south. Relationships within such transnational families depend on long-distance communication and there is an increasing optimism among Filipino government agencies and telecommunications companies about the consequences of mobile phones for transnational families. This article draws on comparative research with UK-based Filipina migrants - mainly domestic workers and nurses - and their left-behind children in the Philippines. Our methodology allowed us to directly compare the experience of mothers and their children. The article concludes that while mothers feel empowered that the phone has allowed them to partially reconstruct their role as parents, their children are significantly more ambivalent about the consequences of transnational communication

Biogeographical survey of soil microbiomes across sub-Saharan Africa:structure, drivers, and predicted climate-driven changes

BACKGROUND: Top-soil microbiomes make a vital contribution to the Earth’s ecology and harbor an extraordinarily high biodiversity. They are also key players in many ecosystem services, particularly in arid regions of the globe such as the African continent. While several recent studies have documented patterns in global soil microbial ecology, these are largely biased towards widely studied regions and rely on models to interpolate the microbial diversity of other regions where there is low data coverage. This is the case for sub-Saharan Africa, where the number of regional microbial studies is very low in comparison to other continents. RESULTS: The aim of this study was to conduct an extensive biogeographical survey of sub-Saharan Africa’s top-soil microbiomes, with a specific focus on investigating the environmental drivers of microbial ecology across the region. In this study, we sampled 810 sample sites across 9 sub-Saharan African countries and used taxonomic barcoding to profile the microbial ecology of these regions. Our results showed that the sub-Saharan nations included in the study harbor qualitatively distinguishable soil microbiomes. In addition, using soil chemistry and climatic data extracted from the same sites, we demonstrated that the top-soil microbiome is shaped by a broad range of environmental factors, most notably pH, precipitation, and temperature. Through the use of structural equation modeling, we also developed a model to predict how soil microbial biodiversity in sub-Saharan Africa might be affected by future climate change scenarios. This model predicted that the soil microbial biodiversity of countries such as Kenya will be negatively affected by increased temperatures and decreased precipitation, while the fungal biodiversity of Benin will benefit from the increase in annual precipitation. CONCLUSION: This study represents the most extensive biogeographical survey of sub-Saharan top-soil microbiomes to date. Importantly, this study has allowed us to identify countries in sub-Saharan Africa that might be particularly vulnerable to losses in soil microbial ecology and productivity due to climate change. Considering the reliance of many economies in the region on rain-fed agriculture, this study provides crucial information to support conservation efforts in the countries that will be most heavily impacted by climate change. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40168-022-01297-w