Regional Frequency Analysis of extremes flows in Northern of Spain

[EN] This paper presents a study of regional frequency analysis of peak flows in Cantabrian and North Atlantic basins of Spain, based on the index-flood procedure with estimated parameters by L-moments approach (Hosking and Wallis, 1997). Observed annual maximum flow series of 85 gauged catchment areas in natural regime with records from 15 to 72 years were analyzed. The discordancy and heterogeneity measures based on the L-moments suggest 9 statistical homogeneous regions in which the same frequency distribution function is shared except for a scale factor. The main contribution of the study is the distinction of the regions according to their pluvial or snow character and the model capacity to estimate extreme peak flows with greater robustness than other methodologies.[ES] En el presente trabajo se ha desarrollado un modelo estadístico para estimar la frecuencia de caudales punta en la vertiente cantábrica y noratlántica de España, basándose en la metodología de Análisis Regional con sus parámetros estimados por los L-momentos (Hosking y Wallis, 1997). Para ello se ha contado con 85 puntos de aforo en régimen natural, con registros de caudal máximo anual entre los 15 y 72 años. Los resultados del estudio revelan la existencia de 9 regiones estadísticamente homogéneas, es decir, regiones que comparten la misma función de distribución de frecuencias excepto por un factor de escala. Como principales conclusiones del estudio cabe subrayar la distinción de regiones según su carácter pluvial o nival, así como la capacidad del modelo propuesto para estimar valores extremos de caudales punta con mayor robustez que otras metodologías.La investigación presentada ha sido parcialmente financiada por el Grupo de Tecnología e Innovación de GAS NATURAL FENOSA, al cual se quiere dar un reconocimiento especial por apostar por el desarrollo de este trabajo.Montes, J.; Álvarez, M.; Pertierra, L.; Moralo, J.; Baztán, J. (2018). Análisis regional de frecuencia de avenidas en la vertiente cantábrica y noratlántica de España. Ingeniería del Agua. 22(2):93-107. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2018.8782SWORD93107222Álvarez, M. 1999. Análisis regional de frecuencia aplicado a las precipitaciones máximas y avenidas. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.CEDEX, 2009. Mapa de caudales máximos de avenida para la red fluvial de la España peninsular. Informe Técnico para la Dirección General del Agua del MARM. Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos del CEDEX, Madrid, Spain.Chiew, F., Siriwardena, L. 2005. Trend/Change detection software. USER GUIDE. CRC for Catchment Hydrology, Australia.Cunnane, C. 1988. Methods and merits of regional flood frequency analysis. Journal of Hydrology, 100, 269-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(88)90188-6Dalrymple, T. 1960. Flood frequency analysis. USGS Water Supply Paper 1543-A.Fisher, R., Tippet, L. H. C. 1928. Limiting forms of the frequency distributions of the largest or smallest member of a sample. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 24, 180-190. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305004100015681Gumbel, E. J. 1958. Statistics of extremes. Columbia University Press, New York, USA.Hosking, J. R. M. 1990. L-moments: Analysis and Estimation of Distributions using Linear Combinations of order Statistics. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser. B, 52(1), 105-124.Hosking, J. R. M., Wallis, J. R. 1997. Regional frequency analysis: an approach based on L-moments. Cambridge University Press., UK. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511529443Hosking, J.R.M. 2014a. Regional frequency analysis using L-moments. R package: lmomRFA, versión 3.0: July, 2, 2014. Accesible en https://cran.r-project.org/package=lmomRFA. Último acceso: abril 2018.Hosking, J.R.M. 2014b. L-moments. R package: lmom, versión 2.4: July, 2, 2014. Accesible en https://cran.r-project.org/package=lmomRFA. Último acceso: abril 2018.http://augasdegalicia.xunta.galhttp://www.bizkaia.eushttp://www.chcantabrico.es/index.php/es/https://www.chminosil.es/eshttp://www.gipuzkoa.eushttp://ceh-flumen64.cedex.es/general/default.htmhttp://www.meteogalicia.galhttp://www.navarra.es/home_eshttp://sig.mapama.es/redes-seguimiento/Jiménez, A., Mediero, L., García C. 2014. Análisis y selección de modelos estadísticos para el ajuste de la ley de frecuencia de caudales máximos anuales en España. Ingeniería Civil, 174, 5-31Kundzewicz, Z.W., Robson, A. (Editors) 2000. Detecting Trend and Other Changes in Hydrological Data. World Climate Program - Water, WMO/UNESCO, WCDMP-45, WMO/TD 1013, Geneva.Potter, K. W., Lettenmaier, D. P. 1990. A comparison of regional flood frequency estimation methods using a resampling method. Water Resources Research, 26(3), 415-424. https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i003p00415Ward, J. H. 1963. Hierarchical Grouping to Optimize an Objective Function. Journal of American Statistical Association, 58(301), 236-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845WMO, 2009. Guide to Hydrological Practices. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

The potential area of occupancy of non-native plants across a warming high-Arctic archipelago: Implications for strategic biosecurity management

The terrestrial high-Arctic has, so far, escaped the worst impacts of non-native plant establishment. However, increasing human activity and changing climate raise the risk of introductions and establishment, respectively. The lack of biosecurity in the terrestrial Arctic is thus of concern. To facilitate the development of biosecurity measures on the rapidly warming and highly trafficked archipelago of Svalbard, we generated ecological niche models to map the bioclimatic niche potential of 27 non-native established or door-knocker vascular plant species across Svalbard, identify species with a high risk of widespread occupancy, and locate hotspots of potential current and future invasions. Under the current climate the three species with the highest threat in terms of broad potential area of occupancy and known invasion potential were Deschampsia cespitosa, Ranunculus subborealis subsp. villosus and Saussurea alpina. However, under future climate, most of the considered species have potentially wide distributions across the archipelago. Remote eastern islands were a hotspot region for broader potential establishment of non-native species under the current climate. Our results suggest that many non-native plant species have a broader macroclimatic niche on Svalbard than they currently occupy, and that other factors probably limit both dispersal and establishment outside their current localised distributions. Environmental management on Svalbard has a limited window of opportunity to act early in containing and preventing the spread of non-native plant species beyond the few settlements where they currently exist. Moreover, preventing introductions and establishments on the remote and rarely visited islands of Edgeøya, Barentsøya and Bjørnøya could be also a priority action to safeguard sanctuaries of the archipelago’s natural ecosystems

Aporte del instituto biológico en el control de la rabia

El Instituto Biológico “Dr Tomás Perón” dependiente del ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, desde hace más de 50 años viene realizando acciones sanitarias relacionadas con la producción y control de vacunas antirrábicas para las campañas de vacunación provincial, asi como centro de referencia a nivel diagnostico sanitario de virus rábico en animales.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Aporte del instituto biológico en el control de la rabia

El Instituto Biológico “Dr Tomás Perón” dependiente del ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, desde hace más de 50 años viene realizando acciones sanitarias relacionadas con la producción y control de vacunas antirrábicas para las campañas de vacunación provincial, asi como centro de referencia a nivel diagnostico sanitario de virus rábico en animales.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Aporte del instituto biológico en el control de la rabia

El Instituto Biológico “Dr Tomás Perón” dependiente del ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, desde hace más de 50 años viene realizando acciones sanitarias relacionadas con la producción y control de vacunas antirrábicas para las campañas de vacunación provincial, asi como centro de referencia a nivel diagnostico sanitario de virus rábico en animales.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Carbon-Coated Superparamagnetic Nanoflowers for Biosensors Based on Lateral Flow Immunoassays

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoflowers coated by a black carbon layer (Fe3O4@C) were studied as labels in lateral flow immunoassays. They were synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal route, and they were characterized (size, morphology, chemical composition, and magnetic properties). They consist of several superparamagnetic cores embedded in a carbon coating holding carboxylic groups adequate for bioconjugation. Their multi-core structure is especially efficient for magnetic separation while keeping suitable magnetic properties and appropriate size for immunoassay reporters. Their functionality was tested with a model system based on the biotin–neutravidin interaction. For this, the nanoparticles were conjugated to neutravidin using the carbodiimide chemistry, and the lateral flow immunoassay was carried out with a biotin test line. Quantification was achieved with both an inductive magnetic sensor and a reflectance reader. In order to further investigate the quantifying capacity of the Fe3O4@C nanoflowers, the magnetic lateral flow immunoassay was tested as a detection system for extracellular vesicles (EVs), a novel source of biomarkers with interest for liquid biopsy. A clear correlation between the extracellular vesicle concentration and the signal proved the potential of the nanoflowers as quantifying labels. The limit of detection in a rapid test for EVs was lower than the values reported before for other magnetic nanoparticle labels in the working range 0–3 × 107 EVs/μL. The method showed a reproducibility (RSD) of 3% (n = 3). The lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) rapid test developed in this work yielded to satisfactory results for EVs quantification by using a precipitation kit and also directly in plasma samples. Besides, these Fe3O4@C nanoparticles are easy to concentrate by means of a magnet, and this feature makes them promising candidates to further reduce the limit of detectionThis work was supported in part by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under projects MAT2017-84959-C2-1-R and the Principality of Asturias (Spain) under project IDI/2018/000185 and the Consellería de Educación Program for Development of a Strategic Grouping in Materials (AEMAT) at the University of Santiago de Compostela under Grant No. ED431E208/08, Xunta de Galicia. Amanda Moyano was supported by a “Severo Ochoa” fellowship (Consejería de Educación y Cultura del Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, grant BP17-152)S

Polymedia: Towards a new theory of digital media in interpersonal communication

This article develops a new theory of polymedia in order to understand the consequences of digital media in the context of interpersonal communication. Drawing on illustrative examples from a comparative ethnography of Filipino and Caribbean transnational families, the article develops the contours of a theory of polymedia. We demonstrate how users avail themselves of new media as a communicative environment of affordances rather than as a catalogue of ever proliferating but discrete technologies. As a consequence, with polymedia the primary concern shifts from the constraints imposed by each individual medium to an emphasis upon the social, emotional and moral consequences of choosing between those different media. As the choice of medium acquires communicative intent, navigating the environment of polymedia becomes inextricably linked to the ways in which interpersonal relationships are experienced and managed. Polymedia is ultimately about a new relationship between the social and the technological, rather than merely a shift in the technology itself