Meilleures pratiques et formation dans le contexte du continuum des services en santé mentale et en toxicomanie : le programme de formation croisée du sud-ouest de Montréal

Cet article présente le programme de formation croisée du sud-ouest de Montréal. Les auteurs estiment que le contexte post-désinstitutionalisation et d’intégration des services en santé mentale impose de nouveaux rôles aux intervenants oeuvrant dans les différents réseaux de services. La formation croisée apparaît donc comme un modèle particulièrement adapté à leurs besoins afin d’optimiser leurs interventions. Le modèle est présenté à partir des études les plus récentes et est illustré par le programme de formation croisée, développé pour les réseaux de la santé mentale et de la toxicomanie dans le sud-ouest de Montréal. Ses applications sont explorées pour d’autres réseaux.This article presents the cross training program in Montreal’s south-west. The authors underline that the context of post-deinstitutionalization and mental health service integration impose new roles to professionals who work within these different networks of services. Cross training thus appears as a model that is particularly adapted to their needs in order to optimize their interventions. The model is presented with a review of the most recent studies and is illustrated with the cross training program, a model developed by the networks of mental health care and addiction treatment in Montreal’s south-west. The program’s applications are examined for other networks of care and services.Este artículo presenta el programa de formación cruzada del suroeste de Montreal. Los autores estiman que el contexto de posdesinstitucionalización e integración de los servicios de salud mental impone roles nuevos a los interventores que laboran en las diversas redes de servicios. La formación cruzada parece por consiguiente un modelo particularmente adaptado a sus necesidades para optimizar sus intervenciones. El modelo es presentado a partir de los estudios más recientes y es ilustrado por medio del programa de formación cruzada, un modelo desarrollado para las redes de salud mental y toxicomanía en el suroeste de Montreal. Se exploran sus aplicaciones para otras redes.Este artigo apresenta o programa de formação cruzada do sudoeste de Montreal. Os autores acreditam que o contexto de pós-desinstitucionalização e de integração dos serviços em saúde mental impõe novos papéis aos intervenientes que trabalham nas diferentes redes de serviços. A formação cruzada demonstra ser, então, um modelo especialmente adaptado a suas necessidades a fim de otimizar suas intervenções. O modelo é apresentado a partir dos estudos mais recentes e é ilustrado pelo programa de formação cruzada, um modelo desenvolvido para as redes da saúde mental e da toxicomania no sudoeste de Montreal. Suas aplicações são exploradas para outras redes

Clustered Archimax Copulas

When modeling multivariate phenomena, properly capturing the joint extremal behavior is often one of the many concerns. Archimax copulas appear as successful candidates in case of asymptotic dependence. In this paper, the class of Archimax copulas is extended via their stochastic representation to a clustered construction. These clustered Archimax copulas are characterized by a partition of the random variables into groups linked by a radial copula; each cluster is Archimax and therefore defined by its own Archimedean generator and stable tail dependence function. The proposed extension allows for both asymptotic dependence and independence between the clusters, a property which is sought, for example, in applications in environmental sciences and finance. The model also inherits from the ability of Archimax copulas to capture dependence between variables at pre-extreme levels. The asymptotic behavior of the model is established, leading to a rich class of stable tail dependence functions.Comment: 42 pages, 10 figure

Nonlinear System Modeling, Optimal Cam Design, and Advanced System Control for an Electromechanical Engine Valve Drive

A cam-based shear force-actuated electromechanical valve drive system offering variable valve timing in internal combustion engines was previously proposed and demonstrated. To transform this concept into a competitive commercial product, several major challenges need to addressed, including the reduction of power consumption, transition time, and size. As shown in this paper, by using nonlinear system modeling, optimizing cam design, and exploring different control strategies, the power consumption has been reduced from 140 to 49 W (65%), the transition time has been decreased from 3.3 to 2.7 ms (18%), and the actuator torque requirement has been cut from 1.33 to 0.30 N·m (77%).Sheila and Emanuel Landsman Foundatio

Coronal mass ejections, magnetic clouds, and relativistic magnetospheric electron events: ISTP

The role of high-speed solar wind streams in driving relativistic electron acceleration within the Earth\u27s magnetosphere during solar activity minimum conditions has been well documented. The rising phase of the new solar activity cycle (cycle 23) commenced in 1996, and there have recently been a number of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and related “magnetic clouds” at 1 AU. As these CME/cloud systems interact with the Earth\u27s magnetosphere, some events produce substantial enhancements in the magnetospheric energetic particle population while others do not. This paper compares and contrasts relativistic electron signatures observed by the POLAR, SAMPEX, Highly Elliptical Orbit, and geostationary orbit spacecraft during two magnetic cloud events: May 27–29, 1996, and January 10–11, 1997. Sequences were observed in each case in which the interplanetary magnetic field was first strongly southward and then rotated northward. In both cases, there were large solar wind density enhancements toward the end of the cloud passage at 1 AU. Strong energetic electron acceleration was observed in the January event, but not in the May event. The relative geoeffectiveness for these two cases is assessed, and it is concluded that large induced electric fields (∂B/∂t) caused in situ acceleration of electrons throughout the outer radiation zone during the January 1997 event

Scaling of solar wind e and the AU, AL and AE indices as seen by WIND

We apply the finite size scaling technique to quantify the statistical properties of fluctuations in AU, AL and AE indices and in the parameter that represents energy input from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. We find that the exponents needed to rescale the probability density functions (PDF) of the fluctuations are the same to within experimental error for all four quantities. This self-similarity persists for time scales up to ~4 hours for AU, AL and and up to ~2 hours for AE. Fluctuations on shorter time scales than these are found to have similar long-tailed (leptokurtic) PDF, consistent with an underlying turbulent process. These quantitative and model-independent results place important constraints on models for the coupled solar wind-magnetosphere system

Scaling and a Fokker-Planck model for fluctuations in geomagnetic indices and comparison with solar wind as seen by Wind and ACE

The evolution of magnetospheric indices on temporal scales shorter than that of substorms is characterized by bursty, intermittent events that may arise from turbulence intrinsic to the magnetosphere or that may reflect solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. This leads to a generic problem of distinguishing between the features of the system and those of the driver. We quantify scaling properties of short-term (up to few hours) fluctuations in the geomagnetic indices AL and AU during solar minimum and maximum, along with the parameter that is a measure of the solar wind driver. We find that self-similar statistics provide a good approximation for the observed scaling properties of fluctuations in the geomagnetic indices, regardless of the solar activity level, and in the parameter at solar maximum. This self-similarity persists for fluctuations on timescales at least up to about 1–2 hours. The scaling exponent of AU index fluctuations show dependence on the solar cycle, and the trend follows that found in the scaling of fluctuations in . The values of their corresponding scaling exponents, however, are always distinct. Fluctuations in the AL index are insensitive to the solar cycle, as well as being distinct from those in the parameter. This approximate self-similar scaling leads to a Fokker-Planck model which, we show, captures the probability density function of fluctuations and provides a stochastic dynamical equation (Langevin equation) for time series of the geomagnetic indices