Aktivität und Vorkommen geflügelter Blattläuse auf Freilandpaprika in Spanien

Horizontal mosaic-green-tile traps were placed in various pepper-growing areas of Spain: Aranjuez and Arganda del Rey (Madrid), Balboa (Badajoz), Cadreita (Pamplona), Mendavia and Sartaguda (Logroño), Montañana (Zaragoza), Pueblo Nuevo (Valencia) and Torrepacheco (Murcia). These mosaic-greentraps resembled much better the pepper canopy than the commonly used yellow water traps, as indicated by absorbance spectrophotometry. Sampling was extended throughout the pepper crop cycle during 1990, 1991 and 1992. Over that time, 14,363 aphids, belonging to 99 species/taxa were captured. Aphis was the principal genus captured: 57.5 % of the total (17 % belonging to the species Aphis fabae (Scopoli)). Other abundant species were: Myzus (Nectarosiphon) persicae (Sulzer) (7.46 %), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (5.23 %), Brachycaudus spp. (3.73 %), Sitobion avenae (F.) (2.51 %), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (2.46 %), Rhopalosiphum spp. (2.20 %) and Therioaphis spp. (1.99 %). The species included in the genus Aphis were the most abundant in all the regions sampled, although M. (N.) persicae was also predominant in the Zaragoza and Pamplona region, and D. noxia was frequently found in the Madrid region. A first aphid peak was observed soon after transplanting (May–June) in most of the regions and years sampled.Horizontale mosaikgrüne Farbfallen wurden in verschiedenen Paprika-Anbaugebieten in Spanien aufgestellt: Aranjuez und Arganda del Rey (Madrid), Balbao (Badajoz), Cadreita (Pamplona), Mendavia und Sartaguda (Logroño), Montañana (Zaragoza), Pueblo Nuevo (Valencia) und Torrepacheco (Murcia). Diese mosaikgrünen Fallen ähnelten sehr viel besser den Farben des Paprikabestandes als die üblicherweise eingesetzten gelben Wasserfallen wie durch Absorptionsspektrometrie festgestellt wurde. Die Probennahmen erfolgten während der ganzen Wachstumsphasen des Paprikas in den Jahren 1990, 1991 und 1992. In diesen Zeiträumen konnten 14363 Blattläuse gefangen werden, die 99 Arten/Taxa angehörten. Die Gattung Aphis wurde mit 57,5 % am häufigsten gefangen, 17 % gehörten zur Art Aphis fabae (Scopoli). Andere häufig vorkommende Arten waren: Myzus (Nectarosiphon) persicae (Sulzer) (7,46 %), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (5,23 %), Brachycaudus spp. (3,73 %), Sitobion avenae (F.) (2,51 %), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (2,46 %), Rhopalosiphum spp. (2,20 %) und Therioaphis spp. (1,99 %). Die zur Gattung Aphis gehörenden Arten waren in allen beprobten Regionen am häufigsten, obgleich M. (N.) persicae in den Regionen Zaragoza und Pamplona auch sehr häufig vorkam. D. noxia trat häufig in der Madrider Region auf. Ein erster Höhehoug punkt des Blattlausaufretens wurde in den meisten Regionen und Jahren schon bald nach dem Auspflanzen (Mai–Juni) beobachtet.This work was supported by the Interministerial Commision for Science and Technology of Spain (Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, grant AGR91-0448)..Peer reviewe

Model Topag 2000 : sensibility analysis

Para analizar la sensibilidad del modelo TOPAG 2000: subprograma de nivelación de parcelas incultas, se tomaron 10 parcelas; se aplicaron 18 tratamientos diferentes, cambiando el número de decimales a los valores de las pendientes, los coeficientes de superficie y las cotas. De acuerdo con los resultados, se concluyó que el modelo TOPAG 2000 es sensible a la cantidad de decimales asignados a los datos de entrada.The present paper is described the analysis of sensibility of the model TOPAG 2000: routine of land leveling. The same one was developed taking 10 parcels and applying it 18 different treatments to the same ones, changing the number of decimals to the values of slopes, surface coefficients and level. According to the results, the conclusion is that the model TOPAG 2000 is sensitive to the quantity of decimals that are assigned to the entrance data.Fil: Rodríguez Plaza, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Morábito, José. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Perez Valenzuela, Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Lettelier, Dolores. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Alberto, Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Biomatemática y Fisicoquímic

Hybrid sediment transport model for the “linguado” channel, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

This study involves an assessment of various artificial intelligence-related techniques which aim to produce a more robust system for sediment transport modeling. The intelligent systems developed in this research are directly applicable to academic knowledge and use data from a report on "water circulation assessment in the “Linguado” Channel and Babitonga Bay ,”Santa Catarina”, Brazil, developed by  Military Engineering Institute (IME). The solution employed for sediment transport was built using an intelligent system from the conception of two hybrid models. The first was a Neuro-Fuzzy (ANFIS) hybrid model for the study of hydrodynamic behavior, aiming to determine flow rate in the channel. The second was a fuzzy genetic model, able to assess sediment transport in the “Linguado” Channel. The study's conclusion compares the different effects involved in the dredging equilibrium in the “Linguado” Channel according to this hybrid model with the results obtained using a finite element model in the MIKE21® software

Probabilistic Evaluation of 3D Surfaces Using Statistical Shape Models (SSM)

[EN] Inspecting a 3D object which shape has elastic manufacturing tolerances in order to find defects is a challenging and time-consuming task. This task usually involves humans, either in the specification stage followed by some automatic measurements, or in other points along the process. Even when a detailed inspection is performed, the measurements are limited to a few dimensions instead of a complete examination of the object. In this work, a probabilistic method to evaluate 3D surfaces is presented. This algorithm relies on a training stage to learn the shape of the object building a statistical shape model. Making use of this model, any inspected object can be evaluated obtaining a probability that the whole object or any of its dimensions are compatible with the model, thus allowing to easily find defective objects. Results in simulated and real environments are presented and compared to two different alternatives.This work was partially funded by Generalitat Valenciana through IVACE (Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness) distributed nominatively to Valencian technological innovation centres under project expedient IMAMCN/2020/1.Pérez, J.; Guardiola Garcia, JL.; Pérez Jiménez, AJ.; Perez-Cortes, J. (2020). Probabilistic Evaluation of 3D Surfaces Using Statistical Shape Models (SSM). Sensors. 20(22):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20226554S1162022Brosed, F. J., Aguilar, J. J., Guillomía, D., & Santolaria, J. (2010). 3D Geometrical Inspection of Complex Geometry Parts Using a Novel Laser Triangulation Sensor and a Robot. Sensors, 11(1), 90-110. doi:10.3390/s110100090Perez-Cortes, J.-C., Perez, A., Saez-Barona, S., Guardiola, J.-L., & Salvador, I. (2018). A System for In-Line 3D Inspection without Hidden Surfaces. Sensors, 18(9), 2993. doi:10.3390/s18092993Bi, Z. M., & Wang, L. (2010). Advances in 3D data acquisition and processing for industrial applications. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 26(5), 403-413. doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2010.03.003Fu, K., Peng, J., He, Q., & Zhang, H. (2020). Single image 3D object reconstruction based on deep learning: A review. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 80(1), 463-498. doi:10.1007/s11042-020-09722-8Pichat, J., Iglesias, J. E., Yousry, T., Ourselin, S., & Modat, M. (2018). A Survey of Methods for 3D Histology Reconstruction. Medical Image Analysis, 46, 73-105. doi:10.1016/j.media.2018.02.004Pathak, V. K., Singh, A. K., Sivadasan, M., & Singh, N. K. (2016). Framework for Automated GD&T Inspection Using 3D Scanner. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, 99(2), 197-205. doi:10.1007/s40032-016-0337-7Bustos, B., Keim, D. A., Saupe, D., Schreck, T., & Vranić, D. V. (2005). Feature-based similarity search in 3D object databases. ACM Computing Surveys, 37(4), 345-387. doi:10.1145/1118890.1118893Mian, A., Bennamoun, M., & Owens, R. (2009). On the Repeatability and Quality of Keypoints for Local Feature-based 3D Object Retrieval from Cluttered Scenes. International Journal of Computer Vision, 89(2-3), 348-361. doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0296-zLiu, Z., Zhao, C., Wu, X., & Chen, W. (2017). An Effective 3D Shape Descriptor for Object Recognition with RGB-D Sensors. Sensors, 17(3), 451. doi:10.3390/s17030451Barra, V., & Biasotti, S. (2013). 3D shape retrieval using Kernels on Extended Reeb Graphs. Pattern Recognition, 46(11), 2985-2999. doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2013.03.019Xie, J., Dai, G., Zhu, F., Wong, E. K., & Fang, Y. (2017). DeepShape: Deep-Learned Shape Descriptor for 3D Shape Retrieval. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 39(7), 1335-1345. doi:10.1109/tpami.2016.2596722Lague, D., Brodu, N., & Leroux, J. (2013). Accurate 3D comparison of complex topography with terrestrial laser scanner: Application to the Rangitikei canyon (N-Z). ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 82, 10-26. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.04.009Cook, K. L. (2017). An evaluation of the effectiveness of low-cost UAVs and structure from motion for geomorphic change detection. Geomorphology, 278, 195-208. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.11.009Martínez-Carricondo, P., Agüera-Vega, F., Carvajal-Ramírez, F., Mesas-Carrascosa, F.-J., García-Ferrer, A., & Pérez-Porras, F.-J. (2018). Assessment of UAV-photogrammetric mapping accuracy based on variation of ground control points. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 72, 1-10. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2018.05.015Burdziakowski, P., Specht, C., Dabrowski, P. S., Specht, M., Lewicka, O., & Makar, A. (2020). Using UAV Photogrammetry to Analyse Changes in the Coastal Zone Based on the Sopot Tombolo (Salient) Measurement Project. Sensors, 20(14), 4000. doi:10.3390/s20144000MARDIA, K. V., & DRYDEN, I. L. (1989). The statistical analysis of shape data. Biometrika, 76(2), 271-281. doi:10.1093/biomet/76.2.271Heimann, T., & Meinzer, H.-P. (2009). Statistical shape models for 3D medical image segmentation: A review. Medical Image Analysis, 13(4), 543-563. doi:10.1016/j.media.2009.05.004Ambellan, F., Tack, A., Ehlke, M., & Zachow, S. (2019). Automated segmentation of knee bone and cartilage combining statistical shape knowledge and convolutional neural networks: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Medical Image Analysis, 52, 109-118. doi:10.1016/j.media.2018.11.009Avendi, M. R., Kheradvar, A., & Jafarkhani, H. (2016). A combined deep-learning and deformable-model approach to fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle in cardiac MRI. Medical Image Analysis, 30, 108-119. doi:10.1016/j.media.2016.01.005Booth, J., Roussos, A., Ponniah, A., Dunaway, D., & Zafeiriou, S. (2017). Large Scale 3D Morphable Models. International Journal of Computer Vision, 126(2-4), 233-254. doi:10.1007/s11263-017-1009-7Erus, G., Zacharaki, E. I., & Davatzikos, C. (2014). Individualized statistical learning from medical image databases: Application to identification of brain lesions. Medical Image Analysis, 18(3), 542-554. doi:10.1016/j.media.2014.02.00

La pericia perceptivo-motriz y la cognición en el deporte: del enfoque ecológico y dinámico a la enacción

En el presente artículo se discuten tres corrientes teóricas alter-nativas al cognitivismo, para explicar el desarrollo hacia la pericia en el ám-bito del aprendizaje y del control motor en deporte, haciendo especial énfa-sis en el enactivismo. En la primera parte se tratan las principales nociones de la psicología ecológica, como la regulación del movimiento, la percep-ción directa o la reciprocidad entre percepción y acción. A continuación se explican las principales aportaciones de la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos a la comprensión de la coordinación del movimiento, de la emergencia de la motricidad y de la interacción de las diferentes variables o restricciones. En el siguiente apartado, se expone el enfoque enactivo como una extensión conceptual proveniente de las ciencias cognitivas y que trasciende a los otros paradigmas. Desde esta orientación, se aboga por una fusión entre el cuerpo y la mente del deportista que es indisociable al medio ambiente y que se opone al dualismo y reduccionismo imperante. Por último, se pre-sentan algunas directrices y aplicaciones de investigaciones enactivas que en la actualidad están en pleno desarrollo. Palabras clave: Enactivismo; cognición; acoplamiento información-movimiento; post-cognitivismo; deporte; pericia

Habilidades adaptativas y reactivas implicadas en el resto de servicio en el tenis.

El siguiente artículo presenta una revisión de las características fisiológicas más importantes del tenis, atendiendo a datos de frecuencia cardiaca, concentración de ácido láctico, consumo de oxígeno y percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo, en función de la edad,el nivel, el sexo de los jugadores, etc. Estos datos permitirán a los entrenadores poder realizar diseños de sesiones de entrenamiento en función de estos parámetros

Tools for the implementation of a SCADA system in a desalination process

In this work a system is designed and implemented in SCADA MOVICON 11.5, in which the operation of five seawater desalination lines by reverse osmosis which work in parallel, with four coastal wells and two end-of-line pumps of the permeated water obtainedare integrated, synchronized and supervised as a single plant. Each desalination line has its own control system and can operate independently. As a product, synchronization algorithms were obtained that were added to the system through script codes, which guarantee continuous productivity in the desalination process, achieving synchronization between the mentioned sub-processes. Simultaneous operations of starting, washing and stopping that affected the performance of the osmosis lines are avoided. Alarmsare generated, reports are created, historical records and trends for the decision making on failures prediction, predictive maintenance and troubleshooting

Toasting time and cooking formulation affect browning reaction products development in corn flakes

During toasting, the last stage of corn flake production, Maillard reaction takes place, favored by the high temperature and low water content. The cooking formulation ingredients influence color and flavor of the final product and, therefore, consumer acceptance. However, some undesirable components are also formed. The impact of cooking formulation and toasting time on color development and on the formation of chemical markers was investigated. Samples (flakes) were equilibrated at water activity (aw) 0.8 and toasted at 230 ° C. After extraction of fluorescent pigments with pronase, fluorescence, absorbance at 420 nm, and furfurals analysis was performed. Sucrose showed a synergistic interaction with malt and salt. Formulation highly affected the amount of HMF and furfural formed. L* and a* were sensitive variables to measure overall browning reaction. These results allow for further understanding of the influence of formulation used during cooking and would help to mitigate the formation of undesirable compounds.EEA PergaminoFil: Cueto, Mario. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Industrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); ArgentinaFil: Perez Burillo, Sergio. Universidad de Granada. Facultad de Farmacia. Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos; EspañaFil: Rufián Henares, José. Universidad de Granada. Facultad de Farmacia. Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos; EspañaFil: Farroni, Abel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Laboratorio de Calidad de Alimento, Suelos y Agua; ArgentinaFil: Buera, M. del Pilar. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Industrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Argentin

Analysis of acoustic noise spectrum of domestic induction heating systems controlled by phase-accumulator modulators

In domestic induction heating (IH) applications, the modulation technique applied to the inverter has a high influence on the acoustic noise emissions. These noise emissions must be avoided since they may be audible and annoying to the final user. This paper analyzes the acoustic noise emissions that appear when a series half-bridge resonant inverter is operated with a phase-accumulator based modulator. This modulation technique has the advantage of operating in the frequency domain, and it is compared with the classical PWM modulator regarding the audible noise generated. The frequencies of the tones in the acoustic noise spectrum are theoretically calculated from the parameters of the phaseaccumulator based modulator. The SFM (Spectral Flatness Measure) is used to quantify the number of cases in which tones are generated by the modulation. Two techniques are applied to the phase-accumulator based modulator and their effect is tested. Theoretical results are experimentally verified

Effects of respiratory muscle training on respiratory efficiency and health-related quality of life in sedentary women with fibromyalgia: a randomised controlled trial

Objectives: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a complex disease that is mainly characterised by chronic pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbances and may be precipitated or worsened by many stressors. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on respiratory efficiency and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with FM. Methods: A total of 30 women with FM were included in the intention to treat analyses: 15 were assigned to the RMT group and 15 to the control group. The intervention consisted of 12 weeks of RMT. The primary outcome was the change in pulmonary function assessed by global body plethysmography at 12 weeks compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes of scores in HRQoL assessed by the Short Form 36 Health Survey-Portuguese version. Results: The maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) improved by 17.5% (p-value = .033), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) improved 21.6% (p-value = 0.045) and maximum occlusion pressure (P0.1 max) increased 27.7% (p-value = 0.007). HRQoL improved in the dimensions of physical function, physical role, bodily pain and vitality (p-value <0.05). Conclusions: RMT results in a significant improvement of respiratory efficiency and HRQoL after 12 weeks. RMT could be an effective therapy to enhance respiratory function and quality of life in women with FM