Beliefs and Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence in a Group of Young Puerto Ricans

In this paper we aim to describe the beliefs and attitudes young people in Puerto Rico have toward intimate partner violence (IPV). Although Puerto Rico has a high rate of IPV, little empirical research has been conducted about the beliefs and attitudes people have regarding this issue. We conducted 20 in-depth qualitative interviews with young men and women. Data was analyzed using the qualitative content analysis approach. Participants expressed that men are more violent than women because of testosterone, machismo, and alcohol and other drug use. Both male and female participants stated that they believe they have the same rights to make decisions. Participants did not express directly stereotypical attitudes and beliefs that justify IPV. However, there remains a desire in some participants to have control over where their partner is and what he or she is doing. Preventive interventions are urgently needed to promote healthier relationships among young people

Aportaciones en Ciencias Sociales: Economía y Humanidades

Lo que se presenta es resultado del apoyo y la colaboración de varias instituciones, grupos de investigadores e investigadores independientes. En ese sentido, queremos otorgar un reconocimiento a quienes tuvieron la voluntad y el tino de apoyar esta iniciativa. Agradecemos a las autoridades de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, particularmente a la Rectoría y a sus Direcciones Generales, en especial a la Dirección General de Investigación y Posgrado. Reconocemos también la contribución de la División de Ciencias Económico-Administrativas y de la Preparatoria Agrícola, ambas de esta universidad, pues su ayuda hizo posible este trabajo. Asimismo, expresamos una particular gratitud a las autoridades de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, quiénes a través de directivos, docentes y trabajadores del Centro Universitario UAEM Texcoco, colaboraron de manera generosa. No menos importante fue el apoyo de autoridades y personal especializado del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). En ello incluimos también a la Facultad de Economía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, particularmente a la Facultad de Ciencias, así como al Colegio de Postgraduados

Molecular Sieving Properties of Nanoporous Mixed-Linker ZIF-62: Associated Structural Changes upon Gas Adsorption Application

The evaluation of the flexibility in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) has been very useful to understand their performance in gas adsorption and separation applications. Here, we have evaluated the adsorption properties of a nanoporous mixed-linker ZIF-62 using a combination of gas adsorption measurements, grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction under operando conditions. While adsorption studies in nanoporous ZIF-62 at 77 K and atmospheric pressure predict a large O2/N2 separation ability, computational studies anticipate that the observed differences must be attributed to kinetic restrictions of N2 to access the internal porosity at cryogenic temperatures. Interestingly, upon a small increase in the adsorption temperature (90 K vs 77 K), both N2 and O2 are able to access the inner porous structure through the promotion of a phase transition (ca. 3.8% volume expansion) upon gas adsorption. This narrow phase (np) to expanded phase (ep) structural transition in ZIF-62 is completely suppressed above 150 K. Based on the excellent molecular sieve properties of nanoporous ZIF-62 for O2/N2 at cryogenic temperatures, we extended our study to the adsorption of linear and branched hydrocarbons. This study predicts the preferential adsorption of alkanes over alkenes in ZIF-62 for small hydrocarbons (C2), while in the case of C3 hydrocarbons and above, the adsorption process is mainly defined by kinetic restrictions.J.S.-A. acknowledges financial support from the MINECO (Projects MAT2016-80285-p and PID2019-108453GB-C21). The authors acknowledge ALBA for providing beamtime (Project No. 2019023264). Computational work was supported by the Cambridge High-Performance Computing Service, the Cambridge Service for Data-Driven Discovery (CSD3)

Simulation of Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees in Membrane Computing with P-Lingua and Automatic Programming

Methods based on Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRTs) have been widely used in robotics to solve motion planning problems. On the other hand, in the membrane computing framework, models based on Enzymatic Numerical P systems (ENPS) have been applied to robot controllers, but today there is a lack of planning algorithms based on membrane computing for robotics. With this motivation, we provide a variant of ENPS called Random Enzymatic Numerical P systems with Proteins and Shared Memory (RENPSM) addressed to implement RRT algorithms and we illustrate it by simulating the bidirectional RRT algorithm. This paper is an extension of [21]a. The software presented in [21] was an ad-hoc simulator, i.e, a tool for simulating computations of one and only one model that has been hard-coded. The main contribution of this paper with respect to [21] is the introduction of a novel solution for membrane computing simulators based on automatic programming. First, we have extended the P-Lingua syntax –a language to define membrane computing models– to write RENPSM models. Second, we have implemented a new parser based on Flex and Bison to read RENPSM models and produce source code in C language for multicore processors with OpenMP. Finally, additional experiments are presented

High Trait Anger, Interpersonal Context, and the Recognition of Anger Problems

Background: High trait anger is usually destructive for individuals and their relationships. This proneness to anger is reflected in frequent angry feelings, for longer periods of time, and with higher levels of physical arousal and negative expressions (e.g., insulting or arguing with others). Unfortunately, not all individuals with high trait anger recognize the problem. Objective: This research assessed the contribution of the interpersonal context (e.g., family members, friends, and boyfriend/girlfriend) to recognize anger problems. Methods: We recruited 192 individuals with high trait anger who completed questionnaires about 1) recognition of anger problems, 2) how they are perceived by others in terms of anger (i.e., “being irascible”), and 3) if they care about what others think about their anger. Research Design: Cross-sectional. Results: Individuals who recognized their anger problems perceived they have received more messages of “You are very irascible” from their social contexts, while those who do not recognize anger problems, have received these messages less often. Moreover, the higher the extent to which the individuals care about what other people think or say about their anger (i.e., higher importance attached to messages from others), the more it contributed to a higher recognition of anger problems. In addition, a lower importance attached to such messages was related to a lower recognition of such problems. Recognition of anger problems was higher in participants who had a boyfriend/girlfriend (versus those who did not have one), and in female (versus male) participants

DPDnet: A Robust People Detector using Deep Learning with an Overhead Depth Camera

In this paper we propose a method based on deep learning that detects multiple people from a single overhead depth image with high reliability. Our neural network, called DPDnet, is based on two fully-convolutional encoder-decoder neural blocks based on residual layers. The Main Block takes a depth image as input and generates a pixel-wise confidence map, where each detected person in the image is represented by a Gaussian-like distribution. The refinement block combines the depth image and the output from the main block, to refine the confidence map. Both blocks are simultaneously trained end-to-end using depth images and head position labels. The experimental work shows that DPDNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods, with accuracies greater than 99% in three different publicly available datasets, without retraining not fine-tuning. In addition, the computational complexity of our proposal is independent of the number of people in the scene and runs in real time using conventional GPUs

INVESTIGACIÓN EN QUÍMICA, BIOLOGÍA Y AGRONOMÍA

Este libro es el segundo de una serie de dos dedicado a los avances lo relativo a las mezclas de diesel y biodiesel obtenido a partir del aceite de semillas de jatropha curcas, entre otros temas de ese ombustible verde; es decir algo que está al día en cuanto a las búsqueda de fuentes de energía limpias; otro tema ampliamente tratado es el del nitrógeno como elemento de fertilización -que junto con la densidad poblacional de las plantas- buscan prácticas agronómicas para obtener mayores rendimientos. El objetivo final de este libro es el mismo: incorporar cada vez más bibliografía que enriquezca las opciones de consulta por parte de interesados en aspectos particulares y, desde luego, divulgar nuevos conocimentos y ofrecer los resultados del quehacer universitario

Aportaciones en Matemáticas y Química

Presenta una serie de trabajos de investigación sobre el título de este libro: El estudio de fenómenos naturales por medio de datos, trae a colación un conjunto de acciones y procedimientos matemáticos que a veces usamos o abusamos de las restricciones no solo de las técnicas de regresión lineal sino también de las no lineales. para la dieta del mexicano. No obstante, el consumo per cápita se ha reducido de 18 kg a menos de 8.5 kg. Puesto que en las últimas décadas, la producción nacional ha disminuido, entre otras causas debido a la reducción de la superficie agrícola por la urbanización, lo cual margina la producción a regiones con condiciones limitantes para la agricultura; lo no atractivo que ha sido trabajar el campo, los siniestros ocasionados por las condiciones naturales (sequías, inundación, heladas tempranas, etc.) que reducen o hacen nulo el rendimiento. Así como Saber cuánto fertilizante se va a aplicar a un cultivo, ha sido desde la aparición de los fertilizantes artificiales o sales inorgánicas una pregunta que los productores hacen a los técnicos agrícolas. Estos responden usando su experiencia y los resultados de los ya muchísimos experimentos de dosis de nutrimentos de muchos cultivos a la fecha. Se han destacado como importantes para determinar la cantidad de nutrimentos que un cultivo necesita: el tipo de cultivo, las temperaturas, la cantidad de agua disponible (temporal o riego), la textura del suelo y su origen y el contenido de nutrimentos. También otros factores son importantes: la pendiente, la distribución de la precipitación durante el ciclo, la cantidad de luz, etc. Entre otros

Effect of obesity in Independence and balance in people with intelectual disability

Background People with obesity often have problems with postural control. Some studies show that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) have a higher likelihood of having falls than the general population, with a prevalence in adults of between 29% and 70% (Cox et al., 2010). Currently, there are no studies that show the effects of obesity on independence and balance in people with ID. The objective of our study is analyse, in people with ID, the degree of influence that obesity has on independence with regard to activities of daily living, static and semi-static balance. Therefore, we can compare two groups: obese people and non-obese people. Our hypothesis is that obesity will exercise a negative influence on static and semi-static balance as well as on independence and the development of the activities of daily living. Method In a cross-sectional study, we compared static and semi-static balance in two groups of people with ID: the obese and the non-obese. All those in the sample had a low ID (IQ: 70-50) to mild ID (IQ 50-35). To measure balance we used a single leg balance test (SLBT) with opened eyes and closed eyes, and a functional reach test (FRT). In order to measure levels of dependence we used a Barthel index. The outcome variables were: time in balance in SLBT open eyes/closed eyes), maximum range of FRT and Barthel index. Results and Discussion We found significant differences in all outcome variables between two groups. To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze how obesity affects independence, static balance and semi-static balance in people with ID. However, other studies have analyzed the effects of obesity on the general population (Singh et al., 2009). In both studies (General population: Singh et al. 2009 and people with ID in this study) we observed that obesity can be a determinant of negatively static balance and semi-static balance. Conclussion The main conclusion of this study is that obesity has a negative effect on independence, static balance and semi-static balance in people with ID. These results would have been carried out when we carry out an intervention on people with ID to prevent falls. References - Cox CR, Clemson L, Stancliffe RJ, Durvasula S, Sherrington C. Incidence of and risk factors for falls among adults with an intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Dec;54(12):1045-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01333.x. - Enkelaar L, Smulders E, van Schrojenstein Lantman-de Valk H, Weerdesteyn V, Geurts AC. Clinical measures are feasible and sensitive to assess balance and gait capacities in older persons with mild to moderate Intellectual Disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Jan;34(1):276-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.08.014. - Singh D, Park W, Levy MS, Jung ES. The effects of obesity and standing time on postural sway during prolonged quiet standing. Ergonomics. 2009 Aug;52(8):977-86.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech