2,427 research outputs found
High-Speed VLSI Architecture Based on Massively Parallel Processor Arrays for Real-Time Remote Sensing Applications
Autohydrolysis followed by ionic liquid treatment for Eucalyptus globulus wood fractionation
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development recognises the need for a green and
sustainable chemistry and engineering [1]. In this context, cleaner processes require the substitution of
organic solvents by less harmful solvents. In addition, the solvent selection for a biomass processing is
crucial for the environmental sustainability and feasibility of a biorefinery [2].
In this work, water and the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]) were chosen
as green solvents for a selective fractionation of Eucalyptus globulus wood in order to valorise their main
fractions (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin). Two sequential stages were proposed for the biomass
processing. First, an autohydrolysis step allowed the hemicellulose solubilisation and its recovery as
oligosaccharides in the aqueous liquid phase, yielding a solid phase composed by 60 % glucan and
34 % lignin. Second, a treatment with [C2mim][OAc] was evaluated for the delignification of the
autohydrolysed biomass. Optimisation of operational conditions (temperature and time) of the ionic
liquid treatment was performed to improve the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose remaining in the
solid phase and to solubilise lignin. The proposed process configuration is expected to contribute
towards the development of integrated biorefineries based on hardwood biomass.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit, BioTecNorte
operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund
under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional doNorte, the EcoTech project (POCI01-0145-FEDER-032206). Aloia Romanà thanks the Iacobus Program (European Territorial Cooperation
Partnership Galicia – Norte de Portugal) for a mobility fellowship.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
An Instanton Picture O.P.E. <A^2> Condensate?
Gluon two- and three-point Green Functions computed in Landau gauge from the
lattice show the existence of power corrections to the purely perturbative
expressions, that can be explained through an Operator Product Expansion as the
influence of a non gauge invariant mass dimension two condensate. The
relationship of this condensate with topological properties of QCD, namely
instantons, will be studied, giving a first estimate of the contribution of
instantons to this condensate based in the direct lattice measure, after a
cooling process, of the instanton liquid properties.Comment: Lattice2002(topology) contribution, 3 pages, 2 figure
O.P.E. and Power Corrections to the QCD coupling constant
Lattice data seems to show that power corrections should be convoked to
describe appropriately the transition of the QCD coupling constant running from
U.V. to I.R. domains. Those power corrections for the Landau-gauge MOM coupling
constant in a pure Yang-Mills theory (N_f=0) are analysed in terms of Operator
Product Expansion (O.P.E.) of two- and three-point Green functions, the gluon
condensate emerging from this study. The semi-classical picture given by
instantons can be also used to look for into the nature of the power
corrections and gluon condensate.Comment: 5 pages, talk given at XXX International Meeting on Fundamental
Physics, Jaca 200
Graphene Synthesis Using a CVD Reactor and a Discontinuous Feed of Gas Precursor at Atmospheric Pressure
The present work shows a new method in order to cost-effectively achieve the synthesis of graphene by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Unlike most usual processes, where precursors such as argon, H2, CH4, and high purity copper foil are used, the proposed method has replaced the previous ones by N2, N2 (90%) : H2 (10%), C2H2, and electrolytic copper (technical grade) since the use of industrialized precursors helps reduce production costs. On the other hand, the process was modified from a continuous flow system with vacuum to a discontinuous one at atmospheric pressure, eliminating the use of vacuum pump. In addition, this modification optimized the consumption of gases, which reduced the waste and the emission of pollutant gases into the atmosphere. Graphene films were grown under different gas flowrates and temperatures. Then, the obtained material was characterized by TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and AFM, confirming the presence of few graphene layers. In brief, the growth time was reduced to six minutes with acetylene as a carbon precursor at 1000°C and at atmospheric pressure, with a flow rate of 30 sccm. Finally, the reported conditions can be used for the synthesis of good quality graphene films in industrial applications
p120 catenin induces opposing effects on tumor cell growth depending on E-cadherin expression
p120 catenin regulates the activity of the Rho family guanosine triphosphatases (including RhoA and Rac1) in an adhesion-dependent manner. Through this action, p120 promotes a sessile cellular phenotype when associated with epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) or a motile phenotype when associated with mesenchymal cadherins. In this study, we show that p120 also exerts significant and diametrically opposing effects on tumor cell growth depending on E-cadherin expression. Endogenous p120 acts to stabilize E-cadherin complexes and to actively promote the tumor-suppressive function of E-cadherin, potently inhibiting Ras activation. Upon E-cadherin loss during tumor progression, the negative regulation of Ras is relieved; under these conditions, endogenous p120 promotes transformed cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by activating a Rac1–mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway normally activated by the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix. These data indicate that both E-cadherin and p120 are important regulators of tumor cell growth and imply roles for both proteins in chemoresistance and targeted therapeutics
Instantons and Condensate
We argue that the is similar to .Comment: 6 pages, 1 fig., 1 tab., RevTeX to be use
Sperm Hyperactivation and Capacitation Induced By Light Stimuli in Cryopreserved Semen
In mammals, such as rabbits, there are some factors involved in possible fertilization, from complex changes in the membrane of the sperm to obstruction or non-existent of vas deferens, which creates problems in the number and quality of sperm. In this work, we report the effects of rabbit sperm motility and capacitation of cryopreserved semen samples under light stimuli. The sperm velocities were correlated with the percentage of capacitated and non-capacitated sperm seen with a fluorescent dye. Consequently, we analyzed the specific correlations between irradiation times, supplied energy, and fertility parameters.
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Immune-mediated hookworm clearance and survival of a marine mammal decrease with warmer ocean temperatures
Indexación: Scopus.We appreciate the logistical support of the Chilean Navy, Artisanal fishermen of Quellon (Vessel crews Marimar II and Nautylus V), and the crews of the Chilean Navy lighthouse. We thank Amanda Hooper, Eugene DeRango, Elvira Vergara, Ignacio Silva, Dr. Lorraine Barbosa, Emma Milner, Sian Tarrant, Emily Morris, Suzette Miller, and Piero Becker for dedicated field assistance. We thank Dr. Vanesa Ezenwa for comments and insights in earlier versions of the manuscript. This work was supported by The Rufford Small Grant Foundation (Grant N 18815–1), Morris Animal Foundation (Grant N D16ZO-413), and the Society for Marine Mammalogy Small Grants in aid awards 2015 and 2016.Increases in ocean temperature are associated with changes in the distribution of fish stocks, and the foraging regimes and maternal attendance patterns of marine mammals. However, it is not well understood how these changes affect offspring health and survival. The maternal attendance patterns and immunity of South American fur seals were assessed in a rookery where hookworm disease is the main cause of pup mortality. Pups receiving higher levels of maternal attendance had a positive energy balance and a more reactive immune system. These pups were able to expel hookworms through a specific immune mediated mechanism and survived the infection. Maternal attendance was higher in years with low sea surface temperature, therefore, the mean hookworm burden and mortality increased with sea surface temperature over a 10-year period. We provide a mechanistic explanation regarding how changes in ocean temperature and maternal care affect infectious diseases dynamics in a marine mammal. © Seguel et al.https://elifesciences.org/articles/3843
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