Green roofs : contribution of Carpobrotus Acinaciformis to the integrated management of urban surface runoff

En el marco de la modelización matemática de las cuencas hídricas urbanas, uno de los parámetros que es necesario conocer, son los factores en la cuenca que pueden modificar la escorrentía superficial. Las Cubiertas Naturadas pueden (a partir de su capacidad de retención y retardo de los escurrimientos originados por las precipitaciones), modificar la escorrentía superficial. Pero en qué medida pueden hacerlo, dependerá de la respuesta de dichas estructuras vegetadas a la cantidad precipitada y esta respuesta será diferente según el tipo de cubierta utilizada (básicamente espesor del sustrato y tipo de vegetación). Por eso en los modelos matemáticos de simulación, la modelización será más precisa en función de la precisión de los datos fuentes utilizados en la misma. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido determinar la capacidad de retención que presentan las cubiertas naturadas de tipo extensivo e intensivo implantadas con Carpobrotus acinaciformis. Los resultados obtenidos permitirían afirmar, para las condiciones estudiadas, que el Carpobrutus acinaciformis, puede realizar un aporte a la disminución de los escurrimientos urbanos para ciudades ubicadas en la costa bonaerense como la de este trabajo.In the mathematical modeling of urban watershed, the parameters that are necessary to know, are the factors of the basin that can modify the surface runoff. The green roofs can modify (from its capacity of retention and delay the water flow originated by the rainfalls), the superficial run-off. But the magnitude that they can do it, will depend on the response of the above mentioned green roofs to the rainfalls, and this response will be different according to the type of green roof (basically substrate thickness and type of vegetation). Because of it, in the mathematical simulation models, the modeling will be more precise depending on the precision of the information sources used. The aim of this work has been to determine the capacity of retention that present green roof, extensive and intensive, planted with Carpobrotus acinaciformis. The results would allow affirming, for the studied conditions, that the Carpobrutus acinaciformis, can realize a contribution to the decrease of the urban runoffs for cities located in the Buenos Aires coast as that of this work.Fil: Villalba, Gustavo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Rosatto, Héctor Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Bienvenido, Fernando. Universidad de AlmeríaFil: Flores-Parra, Isabel María. Universidad de AlmeríaFil: Botta, Guido Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Laureda, Daniel Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Perez, Damián Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícol

Techos verdes : contribución de Carpobrotus Acinaciformis al manejo integrado de escurrimientos superficiales urbanos

Villalba, Gustavo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Rosatto, Héctor Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Bienvenido, Fernando. Universidad de Almería. Departamento de Informática. Almería, España.Flores Parra, Isabel María. Universidad de Almería. Departamento de Informática. La Cañada 04120, Almería, España.Botta, Guido Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Laureda, Daniel Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Perez, Damián Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.169-181En el marco de la modelización matemática de las cuencas hídricas urbanas, uno de los parámetros que es necesario conocer, son los factores en la cuenca que pueden modificar la escorrentía superficial. Las Cubiertas Naturadas pueden (a partir de su capacidad de retención y retardo de los escurrimientos originados por las precipitaciones), modificar la escorrentía superficial. Pero en qué medida pueden hacerlo, dependerá de la respuesta de dichas estructuras vegetadas a la cantidad precipitada y esta respuesta será diferente según el tipo de cubierta utilizada (básicamente espesor del sustrato y tipo de vegetación). Por eso en los modelos matemáticos de simulación, la modelización será más precisa en función de la precisión de los datos fuentes utilizados en la misma. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido determinar la capacidad de retención que presentan las cubiertas naturadas de tipo extensivo e intensivo implantadas con Carpobrotus acinaciformis. Los resultados obtenidos permitirían afirmar, para las condiciones estudiadas, que el Carpobrutus acinaciformis, puede realizar un aporte a la disminución de los escurrimientos urbanos para ciudades ubicadas en la costa bonaerense como la de este trabajo

Techos verdes : contribución de Carpobrotus Acinaciformis al manejo integrado de escurrimientos superficiales urbanos

Villalba, Gustavo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Rosatto, Héctor Gustavo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Bienvenido, Fernando. Universidad de Almería. Departamento de Informática. Almería, España.Flores Parra, Isabel María. Universidad de Almería. Departamento de Informática. La Cañada 04120, Almería, España.Botta, Guido Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Laureda, Daniel Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Perez, Damián Andrés. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y Uso de la Tierra. Buenos Aires, Argentina.169-181En el marco de la modelización matemática de las cuencas hídricas urbanas, uno de los parámetros que es necesario conocer, son los factores en la cuenca que pueden modificar la escorrentía superficial. Las Cubiertas Naturadas pueden (a partir de su capacidad de retención y retardo de los escurrimientos originados por las precipitaciones), modificar la escorrentía superficial. Pero en qué medida pueden hacerlo, dependerá de la respuesta de dichas estructuras vegetadas a la cantidad precipitada y esta respuesta será diferente según el tipo de cubierta utilizada (básicamente espesor del sustrato y tipo de vegetación). Por eso en los modelos matemáticos de simulación, la modelización será más precisa en función de la precisión de los datos fuentes utilizados en la misma. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido determinar la capacidad de retención que presentan las cubiertas naturadas de tipo extensivo e intensivo implantadas con Carpobrotus acinaciformis. Los resultados obtenidos permitirían afirmar, para las condiciones estudiadas, que el Carpobrutus acinaciformis, puede realizar un aporte a la disminución de los escurrimientos urbanos para ciudades ubicadas en la costa bonaerense como la de este trabajo

Salinity tolerance determination in four sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids using yield parameters and principal components analysis model

Globally, around 800 million hectares are affected by salinity. This abiotic stress causes plant growth inhibition, disruptions in physiological processes in plant cells, and yield losses in many crops. Sunflower is the third-most oilseed crop globally produced, and it is considered moderately tolerant to salinity. There are few studies about the genotypic variability existing in sunflower for responses to salinity, especially the changes in yield and oil content and quality under salinity. The present work aimed to study the effects of salinity on achene yield in four sunflower genotypes and their components and on the oil content and quality and their relationships. Four sunflower hybrids (ACA885, TRITON MAX, SRM769 and SRM779) were grown at 130 mM NaCl irrigation solution under controlled environmental conditions. The achene yield, the yield components, and the content and oil quality were determined. Based on the four studied genotypes, salinity decreased achene yield by 75.1 %. SRM779CL had a lower achene yield reduction by salinity. Yield component that most explained this tolerance was the number of achenes per plant. SRM779CL was the hybrid with the highest oil percentage loss. Contrarily, salinity increased the oil content in ACA885. Salinity decreased the ratio between oleic (18:1) and linoleic acid (18:2) in all genotypes. Therefore, salt stress increased the percentage of unsaturations in the four genotypes examined in this work. Finally, considering the 12 parameters measured, principal components analysis could determine that SRM779CL showed the best performance under control conditions while ACA885 was the most tolerant under salinity

In-hospital care, complications, and 4-month mortality following a hip or proximal femur fracture: the Spanish registry of osteoporotic femur fractures prospective cohort study

We have characterised 997 hip fracture patients from a representative 45 Spanish hospitals, and followed them up prospectively for up to 4 months. Despite suboptimal surgical delays (average 59.1 hours), in-hospital mortality was lower than in Northern European cohorts. The secondary fracture prevention gap is unacceptably high at 85%. PURPOSE: To characterise inpatient care, complications, and 4-month mortality following a hip or proximal femur fracture in Spain. METHODS: Design: prospective cohort study. Consecutive sample of patients ≥ 50 years old admitted in a representative 45 hospitals for a hip or proximal femur fragility fracture, from June 2014 to June 2016 and followed up for 4 months post-fracture. Patient characteristics, site of fracture, in-patient care (including secondary fracture prevention) and complications, and 4-month mortality are described. RESULTS: A total of 997 subjects (765 women) of mean (standard deviation) age 83.6 (8.4) years were included. Previous history of fracture/s (36.9%) and falls (43%) were common, and 10-year FRAX-estimated major and hip fracture risks were 15.2% (9.0%) and 8.5% (7.6%) respectively. Inter-trochanteric (44.6%) and displaced intra-capsular (28.0%) were the most common fracture sites, and fixation with short intramedullary nail (38.6%) with spinal anaesthesia (75.5%) the most common procedures. Surgery and rehabilitation were initiated within a mean 59.1 (56.7) and 61.9 (55.1) hours respectively, and average length of stay was 11.5 (9.3) days. Antithrombotic and antibiotic prophylaxis were given to 99.8% and 98.2% respectively, whilst only 12.4% received secondary fracture prevention at discharge. Common complications included delirium (36.1 %) and kidney failure (14.1%), with in-hospital and 4-month mortality of 2.1% and 11% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite suboptimal surgical delay, post-hip fracture mortality is low in Spanish hospitals. The secondary fracture prevention gap is unacceptably high at > 85%, in spite of virtually universal anti-thrombotic and antibiotic prophylaxis

In-hospital care, complications, and 4-month mortality following a hip or proximal femur fracture : the Spanish registry of osteoporotic femur fractures prospective cohort study

Altres ajuts: DPA is funded by a National Institute for Health Research Clinician Scientist award (CS-2013-13-012). This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health. This work was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford. Funded in part by CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, FEDER funds. Unrestricted research grant from Amgen S.A. Amgen did not have any role in study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing the report, and the decision to submit the report for publication.We have characterised 997 hip fracture patients from a representative 45 Spanish hospitals, and followed them up prospectively for up to 4 months. Despite suboptimal surgical delays (average 59.1 hours), in-hospital mortality was lower than in Northern European cohorts. The secondary fracture prevention gap is unacceptably high at 85%. To characterise inpatient care, complications, and 4-month mortality following a hip or proximal femur fracture in Spain. Design: prospective cohort study. Consecutive sample of patients ≥ 50 years old admitted in a representative 45 hospitals for a hip or proximal femur fragility fracture, from June 2014 to June 2016 and followed up for 4 months post-fracture. Patient characteristics, site of fracture, in-patient care (including secondary fracture prevention) and complications, and 4-month mortality are described. A total of 997 subjects (765 women) of mean (standard deviation) age 83.6 (8.4) years were included. Previous history of fracture/s (36.9%) and falls (43%) were common, and 10-year FRAX-estimated major and hip fracture risks were 15.2% (9.0%) and 8.5% (7.6%) respectively. Inter-trochanteric (44.6%) and displaced intra-capsular (28.0%) were the most common fracture sites, and fixation with short intramedullary nail (38.6%) with spinal anaesthesia (75.5%) the most common procedures. Surgery and rehabilitation were initiated within a mean 59.1 (56.7) and 61.9 (55.1) hours respectively, and average length of stay was 11.5 (9.3) days. Antithrombotic and antibiotic prophylaxis were given to 99.8% and 98.2% respectively, whilst only 12.4% received secondary fracture prevention at discharge. Common complications included delirium (36.1 %) and kidney failure (14.1%), with in-hospital and 4-month mortality of 2.1% and 11% respectively. Despite suboptimal surgical delay, post-hip fracture mortality is low in Spanish hospitals. The secondary fracture prevention gap is unacceptably high at > 85%, in spite of virtually universal anti-thrombotic and antibiotic prophylaxis. The online version of this article (10.1007/s11657-018-0515-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Effects of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery: an international prospective cohort study an international prospective cohort study

We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care. We aimed to determine the impact of pre-operative isolation on postoperative pulmonary complications after elective surgery during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We performed an international prospective cohort study including patients undergoing elective surgery in October 2020. Isolation was defined as the period before surgery during which patients did not leave their house or receive visitors from outside their household. The primary outcome was postoperative pulmonary complications, adjusted in multivariable models for measured confounders. Pre-defined sub-group analyses were performed for the primary outcome. A total of 96,454 patients from 114 countries were included and overall, 26,948 (27.9%) patients isolated before surgery. Postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in 1947 (2.0%) patients of which 227 (11.7%) were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients who isolated pre-operatively were older, had more respiratory comorbidities and were more commonly from areas of high SARS-CoV-2 incidence and high-income countries. Although the overall rates of postoperative pulmonary complications were similar in those that isolated and those that did not (2.1% vs 2.0%, respectively), isolation was associated with higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications after adjustment (adjusted OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36, p = 0.005). Sensitivity analyses revealed no further differences when patients were categorised by: pre-operative testing; use of COVID-19-free pathways; or community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. The rate of postoperative pulmonary complications increased with periods of isolation longer than 3 days, with an OR (95%CI) at 4–7 days or ≥ 8 days of 1.25 (1.04–1.48), p = 0.015 and 1.31 (1.11–1.55), p = 0.001, respectively. Isolation before elective surgery might be associated with a small but clinically important increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. Longer periods of isolation showed no reduction in the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. These findings have significant implications for global provision of elective surgical care