75 research outputs found
Nosocomial infection control: role of the nurse
Objective: To know the scientific production of Brazilian nursing on the control of nosocomial infections in the last five years. Method: The selection of articles was performed in following bases: SCIELO, LILACS and BDENF, by observing the inclusion criteria: studies in humans, in the form of published scientific articles, available in Portuguese, having free access and a nurse among the authors. Results: The sample consisted of 22 articles. Two themes emerged from the analysis: Knowledge of hospital infections and the use of PP by health teams; role of nurses in hospital infection control and the strategies adopted. Conclusion: Analysis revealed the great responsibility the nurse has in relation to the prevention and control of hospital infections. It is emphasized that the commitment of nurses in relation to the work they have with the team which they manage reflects on the care provided and supports a form of assessment of quality of care
Projeto trajetórias criativas: Uma proposta metodológica para o atendimento de jovens de 15 a 17 anos no Ensino Fundamental
Trabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.trata-se de um programa de caráter experimental, que vem contribuindo para o atendimento de professores de escolas da rede pública, envolvidos diretamente com a problemática de uma população estimada em 4 milhões de jovens estudantes, com idades entre 15 e 17 anos, que ainda não concluiu o ensino fundamental em nosso país, e que têm sido alvo de esforços governamentais, em nível federal e estadual, a partir da Diretoria de Currículos e Educação Integral da Secretaria de Educação Básica do Ministério de Educação, bem como da Secretaria Estadual de Educação do RS (SEDUC/RS), respectivamente
Can Baited Pitfall Traps for Sampling Dung Beetles Replace Conventional Traps for Sampling Ants?
Ants and dung beetles are widely used in monitoring biodiversity and are considered excellent environmental indicators. Although the pitfall trap is the most commonly used method to sample dung beetles and ants in ecological studies, beetles are usually sampled using dung‐baited pitfall traps while ants are sampled using un‐baited pitfalls. In the protocol for collecting the beetles it is necessary to have attractive baits in pitfalls. In order to minimize collection effort and costs and to facilitate logistics, it is necessary to determine if there is an effect of the baits on the biodiversity of ants collected in the same traps. Therefore, the objective of this work was to find out whether baited pitfalls could replace conventional pitfalls for the capture of ants. In a total of 42 areas of native habitat, three baited pitfall traps and three without bait were installed, all in the same transect, equidistant ten meters and in activity for 48 hours. In total, 150 species were collected, of which 131 were recorded in non‐baited pitfalls and 107 in baited pitfalls. Traps without bait contributed to 28% of the total number of species captured in this study, whereas pitfalls with bait contributed only to 12% of the total species caught. However, 60% of the total species were captured regardless of the method. In addition to the loss of species among the types of traps, the effect of the method modifies the species composition. We concluded that depending on the type of study, a small decrease in the number of species and change in the composition can influence the results. Thus, we recommend that baited pitfalls should not replace conventional pitfalls.Palavras-chave: Método de coleta; Protocolo de coleta; Desenho da amostra; Esforço de amostragem
ESTILO DE VIDA E PRÁTICAS COM PLEMENTARES
Para se atingir um estado de completo bem-estar físico, mental e social, os indivíduos egrupos devem saber identificar aspirações, satisfazer necessidades e modificar favoravelmente oambiente natural, político e social. A saúde é, portanto, um conceito positivo, que enfatiza osrecursos sociais e pessoais, bem como as capacidades físicas. Assim, não é responsabilidadeexclusiva do setor saúde e vai além de um estilo de vida saudável, na direção de um bem-estarglobal
Amphotericin B: an antifungal drug in nanoformulations for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis
La anfotericina B: una droga antifúngica en nanoformulaciones para el tratamiento de la paracoccidioidomicosisForma de citar: Pereira Garcia M, Meneses Almeida Santos MF, Saldanha Arruda C, Iocca DC. Amphotericin B: an antifungal drug in nanoformulations for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis. rev.univ.ind.santander.salud 2013; 45 (3): 45-53ABSTRACTThe use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in drug delivery vehicles must address issues such as drug-loading capacity, desired release profle, aqueous dispersion stability, biocompatibility with cells and tissue, and retention of magnetic properties after interaction with macromolecules or modifcation via chemical reactions. Amphotericin B (AmB) is still the frst choice for the treatment of severe paracoccidioidomycosis, an important systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidoides brasiliensis. infortunately, AmB causes acute side effects (mainly urinary problems) following intravenous administration, which limits its clinical use. The use of magnetic nanoparticles stabilized with biocompatible substances, together with the possibility of their conjugation with drugs has become a new nanotechnological strategy in the treatment of diseases for drug delivery to specifc locations, such as the lungs in paracoccidoidiodomycosis. This review provides an overview of the disease, its etiologic agent and treatment with emphasis on the main strategies to improve the use of AmB in nanoformulations.Keywords: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; amphotericin B; magnetite nanoparticles; magnetic fuid; drug delivery complexRESUMENEl uso de nanopartículas magnéticas (MNPS) en los vehículos de suministro de fármacos debe abordar cuestiones como la capacidad de carga de las drogas, el perfl deseado de liberación, estabilidad de la dispersión acuosa, biocompatibilidad con las células, tejidos y la conservación o la modifcación de las propiedades magnéticas después de la interacción con macromoléculas y/o reacciones químicas. La anfotericina B (AnB) continua siendo la primera opción para el tratamiento de la paracoccidioidomicosis grave, una importante infección sistémica causada por el hongo Paracoccidoides brasiliensis. Sin embargo, la AnB causa efectos secundarios agudos (principalmente problemas urinarios) tras la administración intravenosa, limitando su uso clínico. El uso de nanopartículas magnéticas estabilizadas con sustancias biocompatibles y conjugadas con fármacos, se ha convertido en una nueva estrategia nanotecnológica para el tratamiento de enfermedades en sitios específcos, como los pulmones en paracoccidoidiodomycosis. En esta revisión se hace una descripción general de la enfermedad, su agente etiológico y su tratamiento con énfasis en la principales estrategias para mejorar el uso de AnB en nanoformulaciones.Palabras clave: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, anfotericina B, nanoparticulas de magnetita; fuido magnético; entrega controlada de medicamento
Amphotericin B: an antifungal drug in nanoformulations for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis
La anfotericina B: una droga antifúngica en nanoformulaciones para el tratamiento de la paracoccidioidomicosisForma de citar: Pereira Garcia M, Meneses Almeida Santos MF, Saldanha Arruda C, Iocca DC. Amphotericin B: an antifungal drug in nanoformulations for the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis. rev.univ.ind.santander.salud 2013; 45 (3): 45-53ABSTRACTThe use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in drug delivery vehicles must address issues such as drug-loading capacity, desired release profle, aqueous dispersion stability, biocompatibility with cells and tissue, and retention of magnetic properties after interaction with macromolecules or modifcation via chemical reactions. Amphotericin B (AmB) is still the frst choice for the treatment of severe paracoccidioidomycosis, an important systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidoides brasiliensis. infortunately, AmB causes acute side effects (mainly urinary problems) following intravenous administration, which limits its clinical use. The use of magnetic nanoparticles stabilized with biocompatible substances, together with the possibility of their conjugation with drugs has become a new nanotechnological strategy in the treatment of diseases for drug delivery to specifc locations, such as the lungs in paracoccidoidiodomycosis. This review provides an overview of the disease, its etiologic agent and treatment with emphasis on the main strategies to improve the use of AmB in nanoformulations.Keywords: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; amphotericin B; magnetite nanoparticles; magnetic fuid; drug delivery complexRESUMENEl uso de nanopartículas magnéticas (MNPS) en los vehículos de suministro de fármacos debe abordar cuestiones como la capacidad de carga de las drogas, el perfl deseado de liberación, estabilidad de la dispersión acuosa, biocompatibilidad con las células, tejidos y la conservación o la modifcación de las propiedades magnéticas después de la interacción con macromoléculas y/o reacciones químicas. La anfotericina B (AnB) continua siendo la primera opción para el tratamiento de la paracoccidioidomicosis grave, una importante infección sistémica causada por el hongo Paracoccidoides brasiliensis. Sin embargo, la AnB causa efectos secundarios agudos (principalmente problemas urinarios) tras la administración intravenosa, limitando su uso clínico. El uso de nanopartículas magnéticas estabilizadas con sustancias biocompatibles y conjugadas con fármacos, se ha convertido en una nueva estrategia nanotecnológica para el tratamiento de enfermedades en sitios específcos, como los pulmones en paracoccidoidiodomycosis. En esta revisión se hace una descripción general de la enfermedad, su agente etiológico y su tratamiento con énfasis en la principales estrategias para mejorar el uso de AnB en nanoformulaciones.Palabras clave: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, anfotericina B, nanoparticulas de magnetita; fuido magnético; entrega controlada de medicamento
Nosocomial infection control: role of the nurse
Objetivou-se conhecer a produção científica da enfermagem brasileira sobre o controle de infecções hospitalares nos últimos cinco anos. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada nas bases: SCIELO, LILACS e BDENF observando-se como critérios de inclusão: estudos realizados com seres humanos, publicados no formato de artigos científicos, disponíveis no idioma português, livre acesso e possuir entre os autores, um enfermeiro. A amostra constitui-se de 22 artigos. Na análise emergiram duas temáticas: Conhecimento das infecções hospitalares e o uso de PP pelas equipes de saúde; função do enfermeiro no controle das infecções hospitalares e as estratégias adotadas. Evidenciou-se a grande responsabilidade que o Enfermeiro tem em relação à prevenção e controle das infecções hospitalares. Ressalta-se que o comprometimento do enfermeiro em relação às ações que desempenha com a equipe a qual gerencia se reflete no cuidado prestado e corrobora numa forma de avaliação da qualidade da assistência prestada.
Descritores: Enfermagem; Infecção Hospitalar; /Prevenção &Controle
Antifungal activity of amphotericin B conjugated to nanosized magnetite in the treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis
This study reports on in vitro and in vivo tests that sought to assess the antifungal activity of a newly developed magnetic carrier system comprising amphotericin B loaded onto the surface of pre-coated (with a double-layer of lauric acid) magnetite nanoparticles. The in vitro tests compared two drugs; i.e., this newly developed form and free amphotericin B. We found that this nanocomplex exhibited antifungal activity without cytotoxicity to human urinary cells and with low cytotoxicity to peritoneal macrophages. We also evaluated the efficacy of the nanocomplex in experimental paracoccidioidomycosis. BALB/c mice were intratracheally infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and treated with the compound for 30 or 60 days beginning the day after infection. The newly developed amphotericin B coupled with magnetic nanoparticles was effective against experimental paracoccidioidomycosis,
and it did not induce clinical, biochemical or histopathological alterations. The
nanocomplex also did not induce genotoxic effects in bone marrow cells. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that amphotericin B coupled to magnetic nanoparticles and stabilized with bilayer lauric acid is a promising nanotool for the treatment of the experimental paracoccidioidomycosis because it exhibited antifungal activity that was similar to that of free amphotericin B, did not induce adverse effects in therapeutic doses and allowed for a reduction in the number of applications
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