Diversity Of Medium-sized And Large Mammals From Atlantic Forest Remnants In Southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Studies on mammal diversity provide the essential groundwork for the development of conservation methods and practices. The region of the Poços de Caldas Plateau is lacks such studies, which may be a problem for future conservation actions. Here, we analyze the richness of medium-sized and large mammals from Atlantic Forest remnants on the Poços de Caldas Plateau, Minas Gerais state. Diurnal censuses of direct observations and mammal signs were conducted, and we documented 20 species of mammals belonging to eight orders. Three species of primates, one carnivore, one cingulate, one lagomorpha, three rodents, one artiodactyla, and two marsupials were found. The largest forest remnant that presented the greatest richness is currently a conservation unit. Forest remnants are important for the consolidation of management strategies and have fundamental role for the conservation of mammal diversity in the south of Minas Gerais state. © 2016 Check List and Authors.125CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Minimalist Architecture to Generate Embedded System Web User Interfaces

Part 9: Embedded Systems and Petri NetsInternational audienceThis paper presents a new architecture to semi-automatically generate Web user interfaces for Embedded Systems designed using IOPT Petri Net models. The user interfaces can be used to remotely control, monitor and debug embedded systems using a standard Web Browser. The proposed architecture takes advantage of the distributed nature of the Internet to store all static user interface data and software on third-party Web services (the Cloud), and execute the user-interface code on the user’s Web Browser. A simplified protocol is proposed to enable remote control, status-monitoring, debugging and step-by-step execution, minimizing resource consumption on the physical embedded devices, including processing load, memory and communication bandwidth. As the user interface data and code are kept on third-party Web services, these resources can be shared among multiple embedded device units, and the hardware requirements to implement the devices can be simplified, leading to reduced cost solutions. To prevent down-time due to network problems or server failures, a fault-tolerant topology is suggested. The distributed architecture is transparent to end-users, observing just a Web interface for an embedded device on the other side of an Internet URL

Influence of vehicular traffic on environmental noise spectrum in the tourist route of Santa Marta City

Transportation demands large amounts of fuel. In particular, road transport greatly contributes to both criteria air pollutants and noise within cities. The influence of vehicular traffic on the environmental noise spectrum (as an indirect indicator of energy emission) was measured and assessed in the tourist route of Santa Marta along a 12-km road segment where five points were selected (three in the peripheral urban and two in the suburban areas). The number and type of vehicles as well as the noise levels were recorded at thirds of octave twice per day during two different weekdays. The traffic flow was composed of automobiles, with higher values in the peripheral urban area. According to the ANOVA, the noise spectrum indicated that low frequencies both had more energy than those with high frequencies and were influenced by the time of day. Low frequencies were influenced by all type of vehicles during the day, while high frequencies at both day and night, except for trucks (which were influenced in all spectrum). The results agreed with both the high velocities reached and the vehicle distribution. © 201

Monte Carlo study of the critical temperature for the planar rotator model with nonmagnetic impurities

We performed Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) temperature $T_{BKT}$ for the two-dimensional planar rotator model in the presence of nonmagnetic impurity concentration $(\rho)$. As expected, our calculation shows that the BKT temperature decreases as the spin vacancies increase. There is a critical dilution $\rho_c \approx 0.3$ at which $T_{BKT} =0$. The effective interaction between a vortex-antivortex pair and a static nonmagnetic impurity is studied analytically. A simple phenomenological argument based on the pair-impurity interaction is proposed to justify the simulations.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Revetex fil

Current Flow In Biased Bilayer Graphene: Role Of Sublattices

We investigate here how the current flows over a bilayer graphene in the presence of an external electric field perpendicularly applied (biased bilayer). Charge density polarization between layers in these systems is known to create a layer pseudospin, which can be manipulated by the electric field. Our results show that current does not necessarily flow over regions of the system with higher charge density. Charge can be predominantly concentrated over one layer, while current flows over the other layer. We find that this phenomenon occurs when the charge density becomes highly concentrated over only one of the sublattices, as the electric field breaks layer and sublattice symmetries for a Bernal-stacked bilayer. For bilayer nanoribbons, the situation is even more complex, with a competition between edge and bulk effects for the definition of the current flow. 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Prevalência e distribuição de anomalias dentárias e ósseas numa população pediátrica da FMDUL: estudo radiográfico

Tese de Mestrado, Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2013O presente trabalho de investigação teve como objectivos estabelecer a prevalência de anomalias dentárias e dos maxilares de uma população pediátrica da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade de Lisboa (FMDUL), avaliando a sua distribuição por sexo e localização. Para o efeito, observaram-se ortopantomografias de pacientes atendidos nas Clínica Odontopediátrica I e II da FMDUL entre 2011 e 2013, de idades superiores a 4 anos, com recurso ao programa informático OsiriX® e recolheram-se dados como idade, sexo, tipo e localização da patologia. Foram pesquisadas alterações dentárias de número, tamanho, forma, composição e erupção, transposições, reabsorções radiculares, restos radiculares, lesões periapicais ou de furca, osteítes periapicais, quistos e tumores dos maxilares. Após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, obtiveram-se 63 radiografias nas quais se diagnosticaram 103 lesões em 65,3% dos pacientes incluídos, a maioria em dentes permanentes com maior prevalência de patologias na arcada maxilar e regiões posteriores. As alterações mais frequentemente observadas foram as de taurodontismo (19%), lesões periapicais (19%) e agenesias dentárias (17,5%), com distribuição semelhante entre ambos os sexos. Registaram-se outras anomalias com menor prevalência tais como dentes impactados (9,5%), dentes supranumerários (4,8%), restos radiculares (4,8%), lesões de furca (4,8%), cúspide em garra (3,2%), posição ectópica (3,2%), microdontia (3,2%), atraso generalizado de erupção (1,6%) e anquilose (1,6%) Os valores de prevalência obtidos diferem dos de outros estudos epidemiológicos muito provavelmente devido a diferenças nos critérios de inclusão, tamanhos das amostras, distribuição de géneros e idades, raças, métodos de observação, técnicas radiográficas utilizadas e parâmetros de diagnóstico.This study intends to estimate the prevalence of dental and jaw anomalies of paediatric population from the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Lisbon (FDMUL), and evaluate its distribution by gender and location. To this end, panoramic radiographs of patients who had visited the Paediatric Dental Clinic I and II of FDMUL between 2011 and 2013, over four years of age, were reviewed using the computer software OsiriX®, and the following data was collected: date of birth, sex, medical history, date of radiography, type of anomaly and location. Dental changes of number, size, shape, composition and eruption, transpositions, root resorption, root fragments, periapical and furcation lesions, periapical osteitis, cysts and tumors of the jaws. After applying the exclusion criteria, 63 radiographs were obtained. 65.3% of these presented a total of 103 lesions, mainly of permanent teeth and located on the maxilla and posterior teeth and jaws. The most frequently observed conditions were taurodontism (19%), periapical lesions (19%) and hypodontia (17.5%), with similar distribution between both genders. Other anomalies showed lower prevalence such as impacted teeth (9.5%), supernumerary teeth (4.8%), root fragments (4.8%), furcation lesions (4.8%), Talon’s cusp (3.2%), ectopic position (3.2%), microdontia (3.2%), delayed generalized rash (1.6%) and tooth ankylosis (1.6%) The prevalence of dental and jaw anomalies differ from those of other epidemiological studies most likely due to differences in inclusion criteria, sample sizes, distribution of genders, ages, races, observation methods, radiographic examination used and diagnostic parameters

Assessment of heart rate in infants from 6 to 36 months old during aquatic activities

Some authors (e.g. Maclaren and Coulson, 1999; Dekerle, 2006) reported that aerobic training has a positive effect on critical velocity in swimming. However, it raises the question whereas this effect is similar among swimmers of different performance level. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the training responses in aerobic parameters (critical velocity and critical stroke rate) in young swimmers of different level during an in-season period of training

Composition measurement of epitaxial Sc<inf>x</inf>Ga<inf>1-x</inf>N films

Four different methods for measuring the compositions of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films were assessed and compared to determine which was the most reliable and accurate. The compositions of epitaxial ScxGa1-xN films with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.26 were measured directly using Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and indirectly using c lattice parameter measurements from x-ray diffraction and c/a ratio measurements from electron diffraction patterns. RBS measurements were taken as a standard reference. XPS was found to underestimate the Sc content, whereas c lattice parameter and c/a ratio were not reliable for composition determination due to the unknown degree of strain relaxation in the film. However, the Sc flux used during growth was found to relate linearly with x and could be used to estimate the Sc content

Exact eigenstate analysis of finite-frequency conductivity in graphene

We employ the exact eigenstate basis formalism to study electrical conductivity in graphene, in the presence of short-range diagonal disorder and inter-valley scattering. We find that for disorder strength, $W \ge$ 5, the density of states is flat. We, then, make connection, using the MRG approach, with the work of Abrahams \textit{et al.} and find a very good agreement for disorder strength, $W$ = 5. For low disorder strength, $W$ = 2, we plot the energy-resolved current matrix elements squared for different locations of the Fermi energy from the band centre. We find that the states close to the band centre are more extended and falls of nearly as $1/E_l^{2}$ as we move away from the band centre. Further studies of current matrix elements versus disorder strength suggests a cross-over from weakly localized to a very weakly localized system. We calculate conductivity using Kubo Greenwood formula and show that, for low disorder strength, conductivity is in a good qualitative agreement with the experiments, even for the on-site disorder. The intensity plots of the eigenstates also reveal clear signatures of puddle formation for very small carrier concentration. We also make comparison with square lattice and find that graphene is more easily localized when subject to disorder.Comment: 11 pages,15 figure