Contributo para o estudo das Furnas e Algares da Ilha de Santa Maria, Açores.

V Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia – Santa Maria e Formigas 1990.Em continuação do trabalho de inventariação das furnas e algares que constituem o património espeleológico do Arquipélago dos Açores, os MONTANHEIROS participaram na Expedição Científica SANTA MARIA e FORMIGAS 1990 da responsabilidade do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, para explorarem as furnas da llha de Santa Maria, com os objectivos seguintes: 1) prospecção e exploração das cavidades, vulcânicas ou não, da Ilha de Santa Maria; 2) levantamento espeleométrico dos acidentes espeleológicos mais importantes; 3) localização das aberturas na carta geológica: 4) reconhecimento geológico e biológico, com recolha de amostras para posteriores estudos

Synonymy of Orthomus susanae Serrano & Borges, 2009 with Orthomus annae (Donabauer, 2008) (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Copyright © 2012 Magnolia Press.[...]. Some time after the publication of their paper in Zootaxa, the authors found out that another Madeiran Orthomus species had been described one month earlier (Donabauer 2008). Taking in consideration the morphological characteristics of the specimens described in both papers and the coincidence of the type localities no doubts remained regarding the synonymy between the two species

Unraveling the ecotoxicity of deep eutectic solvents using the mixture toxicity theory

The interest on deep eutectic solvents (DES) has been increasing. However, the ecotoxicological profile of DES is scarcely known. Also, despite previous studies showed that DES components dissociate in water, none assessed DES toxicity using the classical and adequate models for mixture toxicity prediction - concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA). This study evaluates the ecotoxicological profile of DES based on [N1111]Cl, [N2222]Cl and [N3333]Cl as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA) combined with hydrogen-bond donors (HBD) vis. ethylene glycol and 1-propanol, through the Microtox® Acute Toxicity Test. CA and IA with deviations describing synergism/antagonism, dose-ratio and dose-level effects were fitted to the toxicity data. Neither the starting materials nor DES were found hazardous to Aliivibrio fischeri, in this specific case agreeing with the claimed "green character" of DES. Among the starting materials, ethylene glycol was the least toxic, whereas [N3333]Cl was the most toxic (30 min-EC50 = 96.49 g L-1 and 0.5456 g L-1, respectively). DES toxicity followed the same trend as observed for the salts: [N1111]Cl-based DES < [N2222]Cl-based DES < [N3333]Cl-based DES. The IA model, with specific deviations, adjusted better in 5 out of 6 DES. Antagonism was observed for [N1111]Cl-based DES, and synergism for [N3333]Cl-based DES and for 1-propanol:[N2222]Cl. The application of the mixture toxicity models represents a breakthrough in the problematic of assessing the toxicity of the countless number of DES that can be created with the same starting materials, since they provide the expected toxicity of any virtual combination between HBA and HBD.publishe

Ergonomics in "remote work" activities: a workstation adaptation case study in Brazil

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic decreed by the outbreak of the new coronavirus culminated in the need to implement jobs in the homes of employees who had to adhere to the “remote work” style, due to social isolation actions in Brazil. Many of the employees started to work in the absence of adequate working conditions in their homes, impacting the three dimensions of ergonomics, i.e., physical, organizational and cognitive. The objective of this chapter is to report the adjustments made in a workplace after the change of modality from face-to-face (f2f) activities to “remote work” after the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, aiming to adopt actions aimed at ergonomics. The research was carried out with a professional in the area of Environmental and Sanitary Engineering who started remote work in March 2020. The work is of a qualitative nature, using photos to illustrate the changes occurring before and after the installation of the equipments and reports on strategies to improve working conditions in the “remote work”. The cost of physical adaptations was also computed. The most reported complaints collected by the professional were back pain, neck, forearm, wrist and eye pain, in addition to mental fatigue. The necessary equipment and furniture were acquired for the physical adaptation of the workspace. Issues of working hours, days off, means of communication were also addressed, but aspects of cognitive and organizational ergonomics must have the participation of the entire work group to achieve effective results. The accompaniment of a specialized technical professional would be important for the establishment of further assertive actions, seeking the productivity and quality of life of the employee.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Atlantic mammal traits: a dataset of morphological traits of mammals in the atlantic forest of south America

Measures of traits are the basis of functional biological diversity. Numerous works consider mean species-level measures of traits while ignoring individual variance within species. However, there is a large amount of variation within species and it is increasingly apparent that it is important to consider trait variation not only between species, but also within species. Mammals are an interesting group for investigating trait-based approaches because they play diverse and important ecological functions (e.g., pollination, seed dispersal, predation, grazing) that are correlated with functional traits. Here we compile a data set comprising morphological and life history information of 279 mammal species from 39,850 individuals of 388 populations ranging from −5.83 to −29.75 decimal degrees of latitude and −34.82 to −56.73 decimal degrees of longitude in the Atlantic forest of South America. We present trait information from 16,840 individuals of 181 species of non-volant mammals (Rodentia, Didelphimorphia, Carnivora, Primates, Cingulata, Artiodactyla, Pilosa, Lagomorpha, Perissodactyla) and from 23,010 individuals of 98 species of volant mammals (Chiroptera). The traits reported include body mass, age, sex, reproductive stage, as well as the geographic coordinates of sampling for all taxa. Moreover, we gathered information on forearm length for bats and body length and tail length for rodents and marsupials. No copyright restrictions are associated with the use of this data set. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data.Fil: Gonçalves, Fernando. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Bovendorp, Ricardo S.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Beca, Gabrielle. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Bello, Carolina. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Costa Pereira, Raul. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Muylaert, Renata L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Rodarte, Raisa R.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Villar, Nacho. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Souza, Rafael. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Graipel, Maurício E.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Cherem, Jorge J.. Caipora Cooperativa, Florianopolis; BrasilFil: Faria, Deborah. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Baumgarten, Julio. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Alvarez, Martín R.. Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz; BrasilFil: Vieira, Emerson M.. Universidade do Brasília; BrasilFil: Cáceres, Nilton. Universidade Federal de Santa María. Santa María; BrasilFil: Pardini, Renata. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Leite, Yuri L. R.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Costa, Leonora Pires. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Mello, Marco Aurelio Ribeiro. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Fischer, Erich. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; BrasilFil: Passos, Fernando C.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Varzinczak, Luiz H.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Prevedello, Jayme A.. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; BrasilFil: Cruz-Neto, Ariovaldo P.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Carvalho, Fernando. Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense; BrasilFil: Reis Percequillo, Alexandre. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Paviolo, Agustin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Duarte, José M. B.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Bernard, Enrico. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; BrasilFil: Agostini, Ilaria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; ArgentinaFil: Lamattina, Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; ArgentinaFil: Vanderhoeven, Ezequiel Andres. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentin

Ranking protected areas in the Azores using standardised sampling of soil epigean arthropods

Copyright © Springer 2005.Nineteen areas in seven of the nine Azorean islands were evaluated for species diversity and rarity based on soil epigean arthropods. Fifteen out of the 19 study areas are managed as Natural Forest Reserves and the remaining four were included due to their importance as indigenous forest cover. Four of the 19 areas are not included in the European Conservation network, NATURA 2000. Two sampling replicates were run per study area, and a total of 191 species were collected; 43 of those species (23%) are endemic to the archipelago and 12 have yet to be described. To produce an unbiased multiple-criteria index (importance value for conservation, IV-C) incorporating diversity and rarity based indices, an iterative partial multiple regression analysis was performed. In addition, an irreplaceability index and the complementarity method (using both optimisation and heuristic methods) were used for priority-reserves analyses. It was concluded that at least one well-managed reserve per island is absolutely necessary to have a good fraction of the endemic arthropods preserved. We found that for presence/absence data the suboptimal complementarity algorithm provides solutions as good as the optimal algorithm. For abundance data, optimal solutions indicate that most reserves are needed if we want that at least 50% of endemic arthropod populations are represented in a minimum set of reserves. Consistently, two of the four areas not included in the NATURA 2000 framework were considered of high priority, indicating that vascular plants and bird species used to determine NATURA 2000 sites are not good surrogates of arthropod diversity in the Azores. The most irreplaceable reserves are those located in older islands, which indicates that geological history plays an important role in explaining faunal diversity of arthropods in the Azores. Based both on the uniqueness of species composition and high species richness, conservation efforts should be focused on the unmanaged Pico Alto region in the archipelago’s oldest island, Santa Maria

How do novel feed formulations affect growth performance, oxidative stress and immune response of atlantic salmon?

Trabajo presentado en la International Conference & Exposition Aquaculture Europe, celebrada en Funchal, Maderia (Portugal) del 04 al 07 de octubre de 2021.[Introduction]: The aquaculture industry continues to grow faster than any other sector of food production. The need to make aquaculture as sustainable and more environmentally conscious as possible is becoming clearer everyday (FAO, 2020). With this in mind, the replacement of fishmeal and fish oil in aquafeeds has been studied in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (e.g., Bendiksen et al., 2011) with many products emerging as potential alternatives to conventional ones (e.g., Hodar et al., 2020). One of the main objectives of the EU project GAIN is to evaluate new ingredients that are already commercially available using different formulation concepts that consider all the fish nutritional needs. GAIN diets are based on circular economy principles and maximize resource efficiency, while contributing to zero waste in the agri-food value chain, being cost-effective feeds, and having good social acceptability. The present study aims to understand the actual effects of these novel feed formulations on growth performance, nutritional status, immunity and oxidative status.[Methods]: Quadruplicate groups of Atlantic salmon were fed ad libitum with three different diets. Two diets were developed to facilitate the eco-intensification of aquaculture through increased circularity and resource utilization (NOPAP - formula without processed animal protein - and PAP - formula with processed animal protein). The third diet was a commercial-like formulation that was used as a control. After a 96-day feeding trial, plasma samples were collected to evaluate humoral parameters (protease, anti-protease, bactericidal activity, and IgM). Liver and head kidney tissues (collected at day 45 and 96) were used for the simultaneous profiling by PCR array of a panel of 38 or 28 genes, respectively, as markers of growth performance, lipid and energy metabolism, and immune and antioxidant activities. Liver samples were also used to analyse lipid peroxidation. In addition, after 45 and 96 days, the lice count and fish welfare were also assessed by standard methods. The dorsal skin and foregut were collected at days 45 and 96 for mucosal mapping (mucous cell area, density, and barrier status).[Results]: Growth performance was adequate and comparable to commercial standards for the novel diets tested. Other parameters analysed, including those related to key performance indicators, intestinal and skin dorsal mucosal mapping, plasma innate immune defences, and lipid peroxidation in the liver did not significantly differ across diets. Regarding head kidney gene expression, at Day 45, 2 out of 28 genes in the array were differentially expressed (p<0.05). Gene expression of fish fed with novel feed formulations showed a pro-inflammatory profile evidenced by the up regulation of il-8, and a down regulation of il-10.At Day 96, the same genes continued to be differentially expressed, but gene clec1b (membrane protein) was also up-regulated. However, the rest of the analyses do not support this pro-inflammatory profile. A longer trial may bring light to some of the current results. In turn, the liver had a differential gene expression only at the second sampling point (Day96), where 4 out of 38 genes in the array were affected, including growth performance (igf2), lipid metabolism, elongases (elovl4), and energy metabolism (ucp2l and sirt1). These transcriptomic changes may be attributed to an initial response to the experimental diets. Cross-analysis of gene expression by time points and dietary treatment (two-way ANOVA) yielded only 2 out of 38 genes that had significantly different expression across treatments. The differentially expressed genes were related to growth performance (igf2) and lipid metabolism (elovl4).[Conclusions]: The novel feed formulations of the GAIN project for Atlantic Salmon seem to be viable options for the near future. In any case, all results are related to the formulation itself and cannot be attributed to a specific ingredient alteration. More studies are necessary to understand the cost-benefit of these new formulations and their market acceptability to optimize sustainability within the current/predictable European regulatory framework.This project was financed by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N° 773330 (GAIN), with additional support from Nord University (Norway) and SPAROS Lda (Portugal)

Estado e agricultores familiares: uma análise interpretativa sobre o desenvolvimento rural no Sul de Minas Gerais.

Este trabalho procurou identificar como os atores sociais vinculados à agricultura familiar (lideranças de produtores familiares, profissionais de ciências agrárias, autoridades municipais, pesquisadores e professores universitários) interpretam o papel do Estado para o desenvolvimento dessa categoria na região sul de Minas Gerais. Com relação à coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica "focused interview". Os entrevistados foram seledonados pelo método não-probabilístico de amostragem por julgamento. Os resultados revelaram que a interpretação feita pelos entrevistados aproxima-se mais da perspectiva do Estado patrimonialistaburocrático autoritário, tendo em vista que os depoimentos dos entrevistados corroboram com a reprodução das relações de dependência dos agricultores familiares em relação ao Estado. Por outro lado, alguns atores reconhecem a necessidade de mecanismos que incentivem a participação social, no entanto, salientaram que a mobilização dos produtores familiares na região ainda é incipiente e desarticulada