Harker\u27s One-Room Schoolhouses: Visions of an Iowa Icon

Review of: Harker\u27s One-Room Schoolhouses: Visions of an Iowa Icon, by Michael P. Harker, with essay by Paul Theobald

Process Improvements of Cilantro Harvesting with Ergonomic Considerations

The problems presented by Talley Farms to the team were a lower than desired cilantro harvesting capacity and work health pertaining to lower back problems. The project objectives were to address and improve upon both of these objectives. To increase harvesting capacity, a simulation model was created using standard times from time studies. The simulation model helped to compare the different harvesting methods as well as the effect of the utilization of the on-site manager. The throughputs between each of the models were analyzed. To address ergonomic concerns, a work sampling study was conducted and it was determined that kneeling methods are the most ideal ergonomically as they do not require workers to be in the most strenuous positions as compared to the standing methods. Several conclusions were made based off of the results: harvesting while standing is faster but worse ergonomically and the utilization of a supervisor will increase throughput

Assembly of microtubules with ATP: evidence that only a fraction of the protein is assembly-competent

AbstractChick brain microtubule protein can be assembled in vitro with ATP, although the extent of assembly is less than that with GTP. The ATP-induced assembly is not the result of generation of GTP by the co-purifying nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Neither an observed increase in the critical concentration nor the phosphorylation of MAP2 can account for the decreased extent of assembly. However, whereas microtubules are formed with both ATP and GTP, incubation with ATP yields additional filaments and polymorphic aggregates. The results demonstrate that of the total protein which can be assembled into microtubules by GTP, about 25–35% is assembled into other structural forms in the presence of ATP

From slave to litigant: African Americans in court in the postwar south, 1865–1920

This article draws on more than 600 higher court cases in eight southern states to show that African Americans succeeded in litigating certain kinds of civil cases against white southerners in southern appellate courts between 1865 and 1920. While historians have often concentrated on cases involving issues of race, the much more common, seemingly prosaic civil suits African Americans litigated against whites over transactions, wills, and property also had important implications for race relations. Through these suits, black southerners continued to successfully assert the legal rights they gained during Reconstruction long after Reconstruction had ended. Moreover, I found that black litigants won the majority of civil cases litigated against white southerners in higher state courts – not only during Reconstruction, but, astonishingly, during the post-Reconstruction and Jim Crow eras as well. I examine how the legal system itself, and the varied actions of participants in the legal system, allowed African Americans to litigate, and win, such cases. This article has important implications for our understanding of the judicial system’s relationship with politics and race and for its insights into the role of the courts in African Americans’ centuries-long struggle for rights

Observation can be as effective as action in problem solving

The definitive version is available at www3.interscience.wiley.co