Curvas de referência para o índice de performance miocárdica e Doppler tecidual e suas aplicabilidades em fetos de gestantes diabéticas

Objectives: to estabilish reference ranges for myocardial performance index using tissue Doppler (MPI) and spectral Doppler (MPI), peak flow velocity during the passive (E wave) and active (wave A) phases through the valves mitral and tricuspid, using spectral Doppler and annular peak velocity (APV) of the right ventricles (RV) and left ventricle (LV). To evaluate inter and intraobserver reproducibility. To evaluate the effect of type I (DM I) and type II diabetes mellitus (DM II) on the parameters of fetal heart function. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted evaluating 403 pregnant women divided into three groups: 360 normal (control group), 23 with type I diabetes and 20 with type II diabetes with body mass index (BMI) ≤ 35 kg / m2 and gestational age between 20 and 36 + 6 weeks. The MPI using spectral and tissue Doppler was calculated using the following formula: (isovolumetric contraction time + isovolumetric relaxation time) / ejection time. The peak velocity of the E and A waves were performed by positioning the sample volume just below the mitral and tricuspid valves. The APV during systole (S '), beginning (E') and end of diastole (A') were performed with the sample volume placed in the basal segment of the lateral wall of the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV). Polynomial regression was used to obtain the best fit for the parameters of cardiac function and gestational age (GA) with adjustments using the coefficient of determination (R2). The percentiles 5th, 50th and 95th of the cardiac function evaluation parameters were determined for each gestational age. To evaluate the effect of DM I and DM II on fetal heart function, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. The post hoc analises using the Dunn’s test was used to comparison between pairs that presented significant difference. Results: LV MPI (p = 0.002) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) (p 0.80. The remaining intra- and inter-observer reproducibility parameters demonstrated lower CCC. All MTD velocities (cm/s) progressively increased with advancing GA (p0,80. A reprodutibilidade intra e interobservadores para os demais parâmetros utilizando Doppler espectral convencional demonstraram menor CCC. Todos os PVA (cm / s) do VD e VE xx aumentaram progressivamente com o aumento da IG (p <0,001). Foi observado diminuição significativa com a IG dos seguintes parâmetros: razão entre a velocidade diastólica transtricúspide / velocidade tricúspide anular do VD (VD E/E`), razão entre a velocidade diastólica transmitral/velocidade mitral anular do VE (VE E/E`). O IPM’ do VD e do VE não modificaram significativamente com o avanço da IG. Os valores de CCC para os PVA foram predominantemente superiores a 0,70, enquanto aqueles para MPI’ foram < 0,70. Em pacientes com DM I, observamos aumento das medidas que avaliam a função diastólica do VE (VE A, TRI` VE, IPM` VE), diminuição dos parâmetros que avaliam a função sistólica do VE (TE` VD) e aumento dos parâmetros que avaliam a função diastólica do VD (TRI` VD). Em pacientes com DM II, observamos aumento dos parâmetros que avaliam a função diastólica do VE (VE A, IPM VE, VE E`, VE A`, TRI` VE), diminuição dos parâmetros que avaliam a função sistólica do VE (TE` VE), aumento dos parâmetros que avaliam a função diastólica do VD (IPM` VD), aumento dos parâmetros que avaliam a função sistólica do VD (VD S`). Conclusão: foram determinados os valores de referência para parâmetros que avaliam a função cardíaca fetal utilizando Doppler espectral convencional e Doppler tecidual. Grande parte dos parâmetros de avaliação da função cardíaca fetal testados não demostraram boa /moderada reprodutibilidade intra e interobservador. Os resultados apresentados em nosso estudo, reforçam a possibilidade de coexistência comum de disfunção diastólica e sistólica biventricular subclínica em pacientes com diabetes pré-gestacional, no entando não foi possível determinar um padrão característico de alteração da função cardíaca específico para cada uma destas condições.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2019

Sensorial profile of Apis mellifera’s honeys produced by familiar farmers in Iguape Bay, Bahia, Brazil

Sensory proprieties of the honeys are amongst the main parameters for its quality determination, with sensory analysis working as a tool for measurement and quantification of the product characteristics by human senses. Sensorial quality control considers attributes as color, scent, flavor and consistency. These attributes are always interlinked and depend on volatile substances that are related to the original scents of flowers where the nectar was collected. Scent and flavor are directly related to honey’s color and mainly depend on its floral origin. This work had the objective to discern the sensory profiles of Apis mellifera honey produced by familiar farmers from the Iguape bay, in Bahia, Brazil. A total of 11 A. mellifera honey samples were obtained from beekeepers and processed in the Laboratory of the Nucleus for Insect Studies (INSECTA) of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas at Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia in Cruz das Almas, Bahia. The sensorial analysis performed by the 50 consumers, revealed that the acceptance of honey was higher in the Caonge’s community and significantly different from the obtained in the Engenho Vitória’s community

Action of enfuvirtide on the pregnancy of albino rats ( Rattus norvegicus albinus, Rodentia, Mammalia ): biological assay and functional and histological analyses of exposed maternal-fetal organs

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the effects of enfuvirtide on pregnancy in albino rats and their fetuses. Methods Forty pregnant EPM 1 Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups: control (E) (distilled water twice/day), G1 (4mg/kg/day enfuvirtide), G2 (12mg/kg/day enfuvirtide), and G3 (36mg/kg/day enfuvirtide) groups. On the 20th day of gestation, the rats were anesthetized and subjected to cesarean section. Their blood was collected for laboratory analysis, and they were sacrificed. The offspring’s fragments of their kidneys, liver, and placentas and the maternal rats’ fragments of their lungs, kidneys, and liver were separated in the immediate postpartum period for light microscopy analysis. Results No maternal deaths occurred. In the second week at the end of pregnancy, the mean weight of the G3 Group was significantly lower than that of the G2 Group (p=0.029 and p=0.028, respectively). Analyzing blood laboratory parameters, the G1 Group had the lowest mean amylase level, and the G2 Group had the lowest mean hemoglobin level and the highest mean platelet count. In the morphological analysis, there were no changes in organs, such as the kidneys and liver, in both the maternal rats and offspring. Three maternal rats in the G3 Group had pulmonary inflammation in the lungs. Conclusion Enfuvirtide has no significant adverse effects on pregnancy, conceptual products, or functional alterations in maternal rats

Assessment of ultrasound and Doppler parameters in the third trimester of pregnancy as predictors of adverse perinatal outcome in unselected pregnancies

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate ultrasound and Doppler parameters in the third trimester of pregnancy as possible predictors of adverse perinatal outcome in unselected pregnancies. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study including unselected pregnant women be­tween 27 and 36 + 6 weeks of gestation. The following ultrasound and Doppler parameters were assessed: estimated fetal weight (EFW) [g], EFW percentile, placental maturity grade (Grannum classification), single vertical deepest pocket (SVDP) of amniotic fluid [cm], amniotic fluid index (AFI) [cm], mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery (UA) PI, middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI, MCA peak systolic velocity (PSV) [cm/s], and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR). Adverse perinatal outcome was defined as Apgar score of &lt; 7 at 1 min, birth weight of &lt; 2500 g at delivery, and gestational age of &lt; 37 weeks at delivery. The unpaired t test was used to compare the groups. Results: AFI (p = 0.01), mean UtA PI (p = 0.04) and mean UA PI (p = 0.03) were significantly different with regard to the Apgar score at 1 min. EFW, EFW percentile, SVDP of amniotic fluid, AFI, mean UtA PI, UA PI, and MCA PI were significantly different (p &lt; 0.001) in terms of birth weight. Placental maturity grade (p = 0.02), SVDP of the amniotic fluid (p &lt; 0.001), AFI (p &lt; 0.001), mean UtA PI (p &lt; 0.001), UA PI (p = 0.001), and MCA PI (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly different as far as gestational age at delivery is concerned. Conclusion: Ultrasound and Doppler parameters may predict adverse perinatal outcomes in unselected pregnancies in the third trimester of pregnancy

The impact of first-trimester intrauterine hematoma on adverse perinatal outcomes

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of an intrauterine hematoma (IUH) on an early pregnancy ultrasound scan showing a live fetus was related to adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate pregnant women who underwent an ultrasound examination in early pregnancy, between 6 weeks 0 days and 10 weeks 6 days. We compared the perinatal outcomes between women with and without firsttrimester IUH using the Mann-Whitney and Fisher exact tests. Furthermore, we performed a stepwise regression analysis to identify possible predictors of miscarriage among maternal characteristics, ultrasound parameters, and IUH. Results During the study period, data from 783 pregnancies were included, and the incidence of IUH was 4.5% (35 of 783). We observed a higher proportion of miscarriage following the scan (28.6% vs. 10%, P=0.003) and a larger yolk sac diameter during the scan (4.8 mm vs. 3.8 mm, P0.999), or the incidence of first-trimester vaginal bleeding (31% vs. 20%, P=0.130). Moreover, heart rate (HR) was the only variable that predicted miscarriage with statistical significance (P=0.017). Conclusion Women with first-trimester IUH had a higher risk of miscarriage after the ultrasound scan. HR was the only variable that predicted miscarriage with statistical significance

QUALIDADE BACTERIOLÓGICA DE MEIAS-CARCAÇAS BOVINAS ORIUNDAS DE MATADOUROS-FRIGORÍFICOS DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS HABILITADOS PARA EXPORTAÇÃO

Com o incremento das exportações, estimulado pela globalização da economia, o Brasil vem conseguindo aumentar expressivamente a comercialização de produtos cárneos para o exterior. Os órgãos de fiscalização e regulamentação têm a necessidade de estabelecer padrões bacteriológicos para esses produtos, visando garantir que eles cheguem à prateleira sem risco à saúde de consumidor ou mesmo com aspecto repugnante. Muitos são os padrões bacteriológicos adotados pelos países importadores com o intuito de verificar a qualidade da carne bovina importada.Dentre esses padrões, em boa parte desses países, estão incluídas análises bacteriológicas, tais como contagens e determinações do número mais provável (NMP) dos microrganismos indicadores, além de contagens e pesquisa de patógenos. O presente estudo buscou avaliar a qualidade bacteriológica das meias-carcaças oriundas de matadouros-frigoríficos do Estado de Goiás, habilitados à exportação, e oferecer informações para que os órgãos federais de regulamentação e fiscalização possam especificar padrões para essas carnes. Foram avaliadas 160 meias-carcaças bovinas, quentes e refrigeradas, no período de junho a setembro de 2004. Realizaram-se as seguintes análises: determinação do NMP de coliformes totais, coliformes fecais e Escherichia coli; contagem padrão de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos, estritos ou facultativos viáveis, contagem de microrganismos psicrófilos, contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase-positivo e contagem de Clostridia sulfito-redutor. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a qualidade bacteriológica das meias-carcaças é aceitável, mostraram os microrganismos eleitos importantes para a avaliação do “status bacteriológico” e também que não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os resultados das análises bacteriológicas das meias-carcaças quentes e refrigeradas. Contudo, há necessidade de vigilância constante por parte do controle de qualidade das indústrias, afim de evitar que os valores, considerados aceitáveis, bem como os padrões bacteriológicos vigentes em outros países não sejam ultrapassados. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Análise bacteriológica, meia-carcaça bovina, qualidade

Desenvolvimento in vitro de bananeira 'Ouro' após poliploidização com antimitóticos

The objective of this work was to characterize the in vitro development of 'Ouro' banana after polyploidization with antimitotics. Shoot apexes were subjected to the following treatments for 24 and 48 hours: amiprophos-methyl (APM), at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 µmol L-1; caffeine, at 3, 6, 9, and 12 g L-1; and colchicine, at 2.5 mmol L-1. Survival, number of shoots, main shoot height, and number of roots were evaluated. The intermediary concentrations were the most promising at both exposure times for APM and at 24 hours for caffeine. The highest concentrations of APM and caffeine negatively affect the in vitro development of the shoot apexes.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento in vitro de bananeira 'Ouro' após poliploidização com antimitóticos. Explantes foram submetidos aos seguintes tratamentos, por 24 e 48 horas: amiprofos-metil (APM), a 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 60 µmol L-1; cafeína, a 3, 6, 9 e 12 g L-1; e colchicina, a 2,5 mmol L-1. Avaliaram-se sobrevivência, número de brotos, altura do broto principal e número de raízes. As concentrações intermediárias foram as mais promissoras nos dois tempos de exposição, para APM, e no de 24 horas para cafeína. As maiores concentrações de APM e cafeína afetam negativamente o desenvolvimento in vitro dos explantes

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost