Did DR-CAFTA Affect the Exports of the Dominican Republic to the United States?

This article evaluates the impact the Dominican Republic and Central America Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) had on the exports of the Dominican Republic (DR) to the United States. We estimate a gravity model for the DR exports to the 109 trade partners of the country from 1990 to 2014. This model quantifies the effect of the DR-CAFTA since 2007, when the agreement was ratified, and finds that the DR-CAFTA negatively affected DR exports to the US. We conduct further analysis of factors that could explain the decline in exports, in spite of the ratification of the agreement. We find that the 2008–09 crisis was not the driver of the slowdown of DR exports to the US. The increasing competition with Central American countries and other export oriented economies, like China, in the US market seem to have the leading role in the export contraction that we find in our study

My Body, My Data: California\u27s Attempt To Protect Reproductive and Fertility Data

Following the Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs that there is no constitutional right to an abortion, many became concerned about data collected by fertility and menstrual cycle apps. Specifically, users, privacy experts, and even legislators feared that data collected by these apps “could provide a deep well of evidence for states seeking to track and potentially arrest anyone seeking or receiving an abortion. Katharine Kemp’s analysis of twelve popular fertility apps within the United States and abroad revealed the unsafe data practices of some of these apps. These apps allow users to log information including when they had sex, if they used methods of protection, and whether they had a positive or negative pregnancy test. The vulnerable information amassed on these apps could reveal sensitive information identifying someone whose “regular periods suddenly stop,” for example, or a user taking a morning-after pill. Kemp’s study concludes that the apps’ privacy practices are riddled with confusion including “pervasive tracking of the [user’s] online behavior, without clarity about whether inferences drawn from this will be treated as sensitive information,” and provide “inadequate de-identification of sensitive data shared with other organizations.” This post was originally published on the Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights and Social Justice website on December 8, 2023. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above

Associativism and the use of ict to promote democracy and participation processes

El presente artículo ha sido escrito desde la óptica profesional de la Educación Social. Más concretamente, a partir de la experiencia de acción en, y con, una asociación cultural de la ciudad de Sevilla. En el primer bloque de contenido haremos un repaso teórico para acercarnos y entender los conceptos de asociacionismo y participación. Asimismo, expondremos la experiencia que participantes de una asociación hemos tenido a la hora de aplicar herramientas digitales con vistas a la creación de procesos culturales colectivos, y de ciudadanía participativa. En el segundo bloque abordaremos los riesgos de la participación mediante las TIC. Finalmente llegamos al tercer bloque, en el que como su título indica, trataremos los retos que desde nuestra acción asociativa hemos identificado en relación al uso de las TIC en la construcción de procesos participativos y democráticos.The current article has been written from the perspective of the professional area of Social Education. More specifically, from the action experience adquired in, and with, a cultural association in the city of Seville. The first thematic entity reviews the theoretical basis of our studies to approach and get to understand the concepts of associativism and participation. In the same way, we will explain the experience that some participants of the above mentioned association have lived when using digital tools with the purpose of creating collective cultural as well as civic participatory processes. The second part deals with the risks of participation through the use of ICT. Finally, we will reach the third section in which, as its name indicates, we will present the challenges that we have identified while developing our associative action regarding the use of ICT. in the building of democratic and participative processes.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CSO2016-78386-

To Iron or to do Science: A Storied Life of a Latina from Scientist to Science Teacher

Reform initiatives such as Science for All Americans (AAA, 1989) and National Science Education Standards (NRC, 1996) argue for making science accessible to all children regardless of age, sex, cultural and/or ethic background, and disabilities. One of the most popular and prevailing phrases highlighting science education reform in the last decade has been science for all. In terms of making science accessible to all, science educators argue that one role of science teachers ought to be to embrace students’ experiences outside of the science classroom by becoming aware and inclusive of the cultural resources that student’s households contain. Moll, González and Amanti (1992) termed these cultural resources as funds of knowledge which refer to culturally developed bodies of knowledge and skills essential for household well being. This study examined the career transition of a former Latina scientist from a research scientist to a high school science teacher. Her lived experiences that influenced her career transition were examined using interpretive biography through a feminist theory lens. The following question guided the study: How have the lived experiences of the participant as engaged through cultural, historical, and social interactions influenced a transition in career from a research scientist to a classroom teacher? A former Latina scientist and her family participated in this study to facilitate the documentation, narration, and interpretation of her career transition. The researcher immersed herself in the field for five months and data collection included in-depth interviews with the participant and her family. In addition, the researcher kept a reflexive journal. Data were analyzed using socio-cultural thematic approach to identify snapshots and to develop emergent themes. Data analysis revealed that the participant’s cultural socialization conflicted with the Eurocentric/Androcentric culture of science found in both the university and research laboratories. Consequently the participant’s strong need to have a family was a powerful contributor to her selection of teaching as a second career. The participant’s lived experiences emphasized a need to explore the impact and interaction of ethnicity and gender in the myopic science culture that has left women and people of other cultures at the doorsteps of the scientific enterprise

Lectura nueva de las pinturas rupestres del Parque Cultural del Río Martín (Teruel)

A partir de la observación y estudio de las pinturas rupestres que se encuentran en el Parque Cultural del Río Martín, los alumnos y alumnas del Colegio Público "Gloria Fuertes" de Andorra (Teruel), recrearon una nueva visión de las figuras que se encuentran en dichos abrigos. La intensa impresión y empatía que les produjeron las pinturas rupestres, fue el origen de diversos trabajos posteriores: textos, dibujos, pinturas, esculturas, un calendario, una revista monográfica, un mural, juegos educativos, camisetas serigrafiadas y una exposición en el Centro de Interpretación del Arte Rupestre "Antonio Beltrán" de Ariño (Teruel). Toda una intensa experiencia educativa

Not Yet Gone, and Not Yet Forgotten: The Reasonableness of Continued Mandatory Detention of Noncitizens Without a Bond Hearing

Section 1226(c) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA) authorizes the mandatory detention, without the possibility of bond, of noncitizens convicted of certain qualifying offenses for the duration of their removal proceedings. Congress enacted the mandatory detention statute because it was concerned that noncitizens who are convicted of crimes will further engage in criminal activity and fail to appear for their removal hearings. To ensure noncitizens are not deprived of their constitutional right to due process, federal courts have construed § 1226(c) to contain an implicit time limitation against unreasonably prolonged detention. These courts have adopted either a bright-line or case-by-case approach to determine the point at which mandatory detention without bond becomes unconstitutionally impermissible. After six months of detention, the former requires an automatic bond hearing and the latter instructs detainees to file a habeas corpus petition that, if granted, triggers a bond hearing. This year, the Supreme Court in Jennings v. Rodriguez rejected the lower courts’ construction § 1226(c) and held that interpreting § 1226(c) to contain an implicit time limitation is improper because the statute is neither ambiguous or unclear. The Court, however, declined to consider whether its interpretation of § 1226(c) is constitutional and instead remanded the case back to the Ninth Circuit to consider constitutional arguments on the merits. This Comment argues that the majority’s decision in Jennings v. Rodriguez failed to enforce the Constitution and protect the due process rights of detained noncitizens by interpreting § 1226(c) as not having a time limit on detention without bond. It further contends that while the lower courts correctly interpreted § 1226(c) to include a time limit, the current approaches applied by these courts do not properly protect detainees’ constitutional rights because under both approaches, detainees cannot challenge the reasonableness of their continued detention until after six months. Limiting detainees’ opportunity to challenge their continued detention for six months raises the same “serious doubts” of constitutionality that Justice Breyer argued, in dissent, are raised when § 1226(c) is interpreted as forbidding an individualized bond hearing. Alternatively, this Comment proposes that detained noncitizens—who pose little risk of flight or danger to the community—should receive prosecutorial discretion in the form of deferred action as to their continued detention at any point during their detention, including during the “presumptively reasonable” six-month period under the current two approaches. If prosecutorial discretion is not granted, detained noncitizens should then be entitled to automatic and periodic bond hearings beginning at six months of detention

Impact of distributed leadership in public schools directors in Santo Domingo and their teachers’ commitment

República Dominicana desarrolla una transformación educativa en su sistema educativo, donde se están implementando políticas, revolucionarias, tales como: reivindicar la educación y su institucionalidad, fortalecer y subvencionar la carrera de Educación, con miras a convertir al educador en un ente, profesional y competente, necesario en este nuevo milenio. Estudios de Leithwood (2009), Elmore (2010), Weinstein y Muñoz (2012), Murillo y Román (2013), entre otros, demandan un director, con liderazgo distribuido, que promueva enfoques directivos, que reconozca que liderar es una acción colectiva. Nuestra investigación analiza el liderazgo distribuido de directores(as) de escuelas públicas y el compromiso docente. Se aplicó un cuestionario estandarizado, en el año 2016, a directores y docentes de un Distrito Educativo público elegidos al azar, respondido por una muestra significativa de estos. Como resultados, se evidenció interés, retos, colaboración, habilidades de gestión, climas de cooperación y trabajos en equipo. También, se detectaron limitaciones en el proceso de cambio, compromiso y capacidad, imprecisiones éticas, desempeño profesional, cultural, empoderamiento, innovación de algunas instituciones. La conclusión es que sus hallazgos podrían orientar, fortalecer, distribuir el liderazgo, que incentivaría responsabilidad social y empatía en la comunidad educativaDominican Republic develops an educative transformation in the educative system, where truly revolutionary policies are being implemented, such as: reclaim education and its institutionality, strengthen and featherbed the Education Major with the purpose of making the educator become a productive, professional and competent entity, necessary in this new millennium. Studies from Leithwood (2009), Elmore (2010), Weinstein y Muñoz (2002), Murillo y Román (2013), among others, demand a Director with a distributed leadership, which promotes a directive focus, recognizing that leading is a collective task. Our investigation analyzes Directors’ distributed leadership in Public Schools and their commitment to teaching. A standardized questionnaire was applied to professors and directors in 2016, from a randomly chosen Educative District, which was answered by a significant sample of them. As a result, interests, challenges, cooperation, management skills and a cooperative and team work atmosphere was evidenced. Also, some limitations were identified when it comes to changes in capacity, commitment, ethical inaccuracies, professional and cultural performance, empowering and innovation of some institutions. As a conclusion, these findings can be used to guide, strengthen and distribute leadership, so that, empathy and social responsibility will be provoke

Physical and Mental Health Concerns of Emerging LatinE Gender Diverse Adults in South Florida

Barriers to healthcare access are apparent in minority groups including ethnic, racial, gender, and sexual minorities. Most of the barriers experienced by these groups are centered on discrimination, cost, and lack of cultural competence which, in effect, leads to physical and mental health disparities. Multiple studies have reported the health concerns of gender diverse people, but few have discussed the concerns of gender diverse people who also identify as Hispanic/LatinE. As immigration rates continue to rise and gender minorities become more socially acceptable, the health concerns of this population become increasingly difficult to ignore. This proposal aims to answer the following research questions for Hispanic/LatinE gender minorities: 1) What physical health concerns are important to address? 2) What mental health concerns are important to address? Previous studies have suggested increasing education on gender identity for healthcare workers. Improving education within these services would result in greater gender affirming care while also aiding in closing the health disparities of these groups. Implementing support groups and increasing discussion is also necessary for improving the mental wellbeing of this population. Further research is needed to determine the importance of ethnicity in this population’s wellbeing. We predict physical health concerns will be largely focused on ethnic identity, and mental health concerns will be largely focused on gender identity. We propose recruiting Hispanic gender nonconforming participants for one-on-one semi-structured interviews. Coding methods for data analysis would reveal themes for health concerns specific to gender diverse LatinE individuals

Instituciones españolas y su adaptación en América : Fundación de capellanías y donación de arrras en Sevilla y Guatemala (siglos XVI y XVII)

Tomo I ; págs. 187-20