Spatial spillovers in public expenditure on a municipal level in Spain

A key function of local governments is to provide a wide array of public services. The supply of these services has been found to create spatial spillovers among neighbouring municipalities. Although it is generally agreed that spillovers are present in models that explain government expenditures, their type—whether endogenous, exogenous or residual—and sign—whether positive or negative—remain ambiguous. In most cases, a subjective process is used to select the type of spatial regression model used in analysis, with mixed results. Per capita expenditures of ten subprogrammes (Security, Housing, Welfare, Environment, Social services, Employment promotion, Health, Education, Culture and Sport) are analysed for all Spanish municipalities with more than 5000 inhabitants in the 2010–2012 period. A Spatial Seemingly Unrelated Regression methodology in a panel framework is used to incorporate correlation between different subprogrammes and spatial dependence. Our results show that the three types of spatial effects are present. Furthermore, substantive dependence is positive in most cases, while negative residual dependence is observed in some.We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of three anonymous reviewers in helping us improve the quality of this paper. Prof. Fernando A. López , grateful for the financial support offered by the projects from Programa de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Región de Murcia, Fundación Seneca (#19884-GERM-15) and Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (ECO2015-651758)

Análisis experimental mediante fotogrametría del comportamiento de fisuras de cortante en vigas esbeltas de hormigón armado reforzado con fibras macro sintéticas

[ES] El presente trabajo estudia mediante técnicas de fotogrametría el comportamiento de fisuras inclinadas de cortante en una series de cuatro vigas de hormigón armado (HA) y hormigón reforzado con fibras de polipropileno (HRFP) con y sin refuerzo transversal. Se presta especial atención a la evaluación de los desplazamientos y deslizamientos de las caras de fisuras. Los resultados obtenidos son comparados con resultados medidos durante el transcurso del ensayo por instrumentos (SDLs). Se observa que con el uso de fibras sintéticas dosificadas en 10 kg/m3 , se reduce significativamente la abertura de la fisura diagonal principal en el orden de un tercio. Adicionalmente se observa una no linealidad de relación abertura – deslizamiento a lo largo de la fisura diagonal principal. Finalmente se proporcionan relaciones de abertura – deslizamientos que pueden ser empleados en ensayos Push – offOrtiz Navas, F.; Navarro Gregori, J.; Serna Ros, P. (2018). Análisis experimental mediante fotogrametría del comportamiento de fisuras de cortante en vigas esbeltas de hormigón armado reforzado con fibras macro sintéticas. En HAC 2018. V Congreso Iberoamericano de hormigón autocompactable y hormigones especiales. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 567-576. https://doi.org/10.4995/HAC2018.2018.6411OCS56757

Evaluation of hospital disaster preparedness by a multi-criteria decision making approach: The case of Turkish hospitals

Considering the unexpected emergence of natural and man-made disasters over the world and Turkey, the importance of preparedness of hospitals, which are the first reference points for people to get healthcare services, becomes clear. Determining the level of disaster preparedness of hospitals is an important and necessary issue. This is because identifying hospitals with low level of preparedness is crucial for disaster preparedness planning. In this study, a hybrid fuzzy decision making model was proposed to evaluate the disaster preparedness of hospitals. This model was developed using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)-fuzzy decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (FDEMATEL)-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solutions (TOPSIS) techniques and aimed to determine a ranking for hospital disaster preparedness. FAHP is used to determine weights of six main criteria (including hospital buildings, equipment, communication, transportation, personnel, flexibility) and a total of thirty-six sub-criteria regarding disaster preparedness. At the same time, FDEMATEL is applied to uncover the interdependence between criteria and sub-criteria. Finally, TOPSIS is used to obtain ranking of hospitals. To provide inputs for TOPSIS implementation, some key performance indicators are established and related data is gathered by the aid of experts from the assessed hospitals. A case study considering 4 hospitals from the Turkish healthcare sector was used to demonstrate the proposed approach. The results evidenced that Personnel is the most important factor (global weight = 0.280) when evaluating the hospital preparedness while Flexibility has the greatest prominence (c + r = 23.09

Ordinal regression methods: survey and experimental study

Abstract—Ordinal regression problems are those machine learning problems where the objective is to classify patterns using a categorical scale which shows a natural order between the labels. Many real-world applications present this labelling structure and that has increased the number of methods and algorithms developed over the last years in this field. Although ordinal regression can be faced using standard nominal classification techniques, there are several algorithms which can specifically benefit from the ordering information. Therefore, this paper is aimed at reviewing the state of the art on these techniques and proposing a taxonomy based on how the models are constructed to take the order into account. Furthermore, a thorough experimental study is proposed to check if the use of the order information improves the performance of the models obtained, considering some of the approaches within the taxonomy. The results confirm that ordering information benefits ordinal models improving their accuracy and the closeness of the predictions to actual targets in the ordinal scal

Un nuevo enfoque didáctico para la enseñanza de la Nanotecnología en titulaciones superiores y Máster Universitarios de Ciencias: MOOC en Nanotecnología

Habida cuenta del interés del alumnado de Ciencias, tanto a nivel bachillerato como universitario, por la Nanotecnología y tras la organización de dos cursos sobre la misma en la UVRA, el Laboratorio de Nanotecnología Molecular de la UA se embarcó en el proyecto de diseño y construcción del primer MOOC (del inglés Massive On-line Open Course) sobre Nanotecnología en España, contando con el asesoramiento de UniMOOC. El objetivo del curso es obtener una mejor comprensión de la nanotecnología y su conexión con la vida real; un nuevo enfoque didáctico para la enseñanza de la Nanotecnología en titulaciones superiores y Máster Universitarios. El sitio web es la principal guía a través de los recursos y actividades del curso, donde el estudiante dispone de una serie de herramientas gratuitas que descubrirá en las diferentes unidades, como vídeos, tutoriales, applets, etc. En este contexto, hemos creado una Red de investigación en docencia universitaria en colaboración con el Dpto. Lenguajes y Sistemas de la UA y UniMOOC, cuyo objetivo es la actualización de contenidos, actividades y recursos del mismo, su puesta en marcha y difusión, así como el análisis de su posible implantación en titulaciones afines

A Sensor System for Detection of Hull Surface Defects

This paper presents a sensor system for detecting defects in ship hull surfaces. The sensor was developed to enable a robotic system to perform grit blasting operations on ship hulls. To achieve this, the proposed sensor system captures images with the help of a camera and processes them in real time using a new defect detection method based on thresholding techniques. What makes this method different is its efficiency in the automatic detection of defects from images recorded in variable lighting conditions. The sensor system was tested under real conditions at a Spanish shipyard, with excellent results

Un nuevo enfoque didáctico para la enseñanza de la Nanotecnología en titulaciones superiores y Máster Universitarios de Ciencias: MOOC Nanotecnología

Habida cuenta del interés del alumnado de Ciencias, tanto a nivel bachillerato como universitario, por la Nanotecnología y tras la organización de dos cursos sobre la misma en la UVRA, hace un año el equipo constituyente de esta Red de Investigación Docente se embarcó en el proyecto de diseño y construcción del primer MOOC en Nanotecnología en España, contando con el asesoramiento de UniMOOC. El objetivo del curso es obtener una mejor comprensión de la nanotecnología y su conexión con la vida real; un nuevo enfoque didáctico para la enseñanza de la Nanotecnología en titulaciones superiores y Máster Universitarios. El sitio web es la principal guía a través de los recursos y actividades del curso, donde el estudiante dispone de una serie de herramientas gratuitas que descubrirá en las diferentes unidades, como vídeos, tutoriales, applets, etc. En este contexto, surgió esta Red de Investigación Docente, en colaboración con el Dpto. Lenguajes y Sistemas de la UA y UniMOOC, cuyo objetivo es la actualización de contenidos, actividades y recursos del mismo, su puesta en marcha y difusión, así como el análisis de su posible implantación en titulaciones afines

Interleukin-15 and interferon-γ participate in the cross-talk between natural killer and monocytic cells required for tumour necrosis factor production

We have characterized the lymphocyte subset and the receptor molecules involved in inducing the secretion of TNF by monocytic cells in vitro. The TNF secreted by monocytic cells was measured when they were co-cultured with either resting or IL-15-stimulated lymphocytes, T cells, B cells or natural killer (NK) cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects and from the synovial fluid from patients with inflammatory arthropathies. Co-culture with IL-15-activated peripheral blood or synovial fluid lymphocytes induced TNF production by monocytic cells within 24 hours, an effect that was mainly mediated by NK cells. In turn, monocytic cells induced CD69 expression and IFN-γ production in NK cells, an effect that was mediated mainly by β(2 )integrins and membrane-bound IL-15. Furthermore, IFN-γ increased the production of membrane-bound IL-15 in monocytic cells. Blockade of β(2 )integrins and membrane-bound IL-15 inhibited TNF production, whereas TNF synthesis increased in the presence of anti-CD48 and anti-CD244 (2B4) monoclonal antibodies. All these findings suggest that the cross-talk between NK cells and monocytes results in the sustained stimulation of TNF production. This phenomenon might be important in the pathogenesis of conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis in which the synthesis of TNF is enhanced