Impact of Climate Trends on Tick-Borne Pathogen Transmission

Recent advances in climate research together with a better understanding of tick–pathogen interactions, the distribution of ticks and the diagnosis of tick-borne pathogens raise questions about the impact of environmental factors on tick abundance and spread and the prevalence and transmission of tick-borne pathogens. While undoubtedly climate plays a role in the changes in distribution and seasonal abundance of ticks, it is always difficult to disentangle factors impacting on the abundance of tick hosts from those exerted by human habits. All together, climate, host abundance, and social factors may explain the upsurge of epidemics transmitted by ticks to humans. Herein we focused on tick-borne pathogens that affect humans with epidemic potential. Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. (Lyme disease), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (human granulocytic anaplasmosis), and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tick-borne encephalitis) are transmitted by Ixodes spp. Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever) is transmitted by Hyalomma spp. In this review, we discussed how vector tick species occupy the habitat as a function of different climatic factors, and how these factors impact on tick survival and seasonality. How molecular events at the tick–pathogen interface impact on pathogen transmission is also discussed. Results from statistically and biologically derived models are compared to show that while statistical models are able to outline basic information about tick distributions, biologically derived models are necessary to evaluate pathogen transmission rates and understand the effect of climatic variables and host abundance patterns on pathogen transmission. The results of these studies could be used to build early alert systems able to identify the main factors driving the subtle changes in tick distribution and seasonality and the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens

Construcción de organizadores visuales en el aprendizaje de CTA de los estudiantes de 1° secundaria en la IE La Alborada Francesa, Comas -2017

El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de la construcción de los organizadores visuales en el aprendizaje en el área de Ciencia, Tecnología y Ambiente, de los estudiantes de primer año de la Institución Educativa La Alborada Francesa, UGEL 04, distrito de Comas, Lima, Perú. Esta investigación, fue desarrollada experimentalmente bajo un Diseño experimental y longitudinal de medidas repetidas, en una muestra conformada por cuatro grupos intactos de estudiantes del primer año de secundaria; los datos sobre el aprendizaje fueron recogidos mediante una ficha de registro directamente de los documentos oficiales de evaluación y analizados mediante la prueba de Kruskal Wallis Los resultados mostraron que en tres de los cuatro aspectos analizados el aprendizaje se incrementó positivamente, éstos fueron confirmados por la prueba estadística hallándose diferencias positivas y significativas en los rangos promedios de los criterios. Se consideraron válidas las hipótesis planteadas

Proceso de adquisición de datos del sistema de correo electrónico: una aplicación a la modelización de una red social

El correo electrónico se ha convertido en un repositorio rico y amplio de la información acerca de las comunicaciones entre los individuos. Desde el punto de vista empresarial las comunicaciones por correo electrónico son el reflejo de las interacciones entre las personas que componen la organización. En este trabajo ideamos las técnicas y las herramientas para la exploración de datos que permiten extraer del correo electrónico la red social que subyace y la información que pueda ser útil para la toma de decisiones en la empresa. Analizando los datos del correo electrónico del aeropuerto de Muenster y Osnabrueck, se muestra la red social conformada a través de dichas relaciones, las propiedades de la red y su evolución a través del tiempo. Nuestra técnica proporciona una aplicación para inferir a través del correo electrónico las conexiones de la red y su caracterización sugiriendo una nueva vía de exploración de datos para estudiar el comportamiento empresarial.  Electronic mail has become a rich and comprehensive repository of information about communication between individuals. From the business point of view, email communication is a reflection of interaction between the employees of the organization. In this paper we devised the techniques and tools for exploring data, that allow to extract information from email that underlie the social network that may be useful in the company to make a decision. Analyzing data from email communication of the airport Muenster and Osnabrueck shows the properties and the evolution of the network that has been formed by the relation between the employees. Our technique provides an application to infer through email network connections and characterizations, suggesting a new way to explore and study data of business behavior

Staple crops biofortified with increased vitamins and minerals : considerations for a public health strategy

Biofortification of staple crops has been proposed as a strategy to address micronutrient malnutrition, particularly with respect to insufficient intake of vitamin A, iron, zinc, and folate. The World Health Organization, in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science at the New York Academy of Sciences, convened a technical consultation entitled "Staple Crops Biofortified with Vitamins and Minerals: Considerations for a Public Health Strategy" in April 2016. Participants of the consultation reviewed the definition of biofortification of staple crops, patterns of crops production, processing, consumption, seed varieties, and micronutrient stability and bioavailability, as well as farmers' adoption and acceptability of the modified crops. Also discussed were economic, environmental, safety, and equity aspects of biofortified crops, as well as legal, policy, regulatory, and ethical issues for the implementation of biofortification strategies in agriculture and nutrition. Consultation working groups identified important and emerging technical issues, lessons learned, and research priorities to better support the evidence of improved nutrition and unintended adverse effects of biofortification. This paper provides the background and rationale of the technical consultation, synopsizes the presentations, and provides a summary of the main considerations proposed by the working groups

Primeras faunas de micromamíferos del Paleógeno de La Cuenca del Duero

Se estudian cinco yacimientos de micromamiferos del Eoceno de la Cuenca del Duero, región de Zamora y Salamanca (Jambrina, Santa Clara, Babilafuente y Sanzoles) y de la región de Almazán (Miñana). Las faunas de micromamíferos aparecidas en ellos nos han permitido situar sus asociaciones en la escala cronológica del Paleógeno europeo (SCHMIDT-KITTLER, 1987) y datar asi con relativa precisión los tramos en los que se encuentran. Los yacimientos de Zamora corresponderfan al Neustriense -Rhenaniense, siendo el de Santa Clara Rhenaniense Medio (Eoceno Medio). El de Salamanca correspondería al Rhenaniense Superior (Eoceno Medio final) y el de Almazán al Eoceno Superior. La similitud de algunos elementos faunísticos hallados en Zamora con faunas asiáticas. [ABSTRACT] Five gisements of Eocene micromammals of Duero Basin in the Zamora (Jambrina, Santa Clara, Babilafuente and Sanzoles) and Almazán (Miñana) areas are studied. The associations of micromammals found can be placed in the Chronologic scale for the European Paleogene (as stablished by SCHMIDT-KITTLER, 1987) and, as a consequence, the deposits they occur in have been dated with certain accuracy. The deduced ages are: Zamora: Neusttian-Rhenanian; Santa Clara: Middle Rhenanian (Middle Eocene); Salamanca: Upper Rhenanian (Uppemrost Middle Eocene) and Almazán: Upper Eocene. The similitude of some faunistic elements found in Zamora with asiatic faunas are thought to be of biogeographical importance as far as the relationships between Europe and Asia during the Eocene times are concerned

Lessons Learned from Applying Adaptation Pathways in Heatwave Risk Management in Antwerp and Key Challenges for Further Development

Heat exposure is a well-known health hazard, which causes several problems ranging from thermal discomfort or productivity reduction to the aggravation of existing illnesses and death. Climate projections foresee an increase in the frequency and intensity of heat-related impacts on human health. To reduce these climate risks, governments need a better understanding of not only the scale and the factors affecting those risks, but also how to prepare and protect the city and citizens against these risks and prevent them through effective policy making. Therefore, climate adaptation decisions need to be made in complex systems with manifold uncertainties. In response to these deep uncertainties, different planning approaches have been developed to assist policymakers in decision making. This paper is focused on one of the dynamic adaptive policy planning approaches: the adaptation pathway. This approach allows designing alternative feasible plans that are flexible and can respond when new information appears or when conditions in the environment change. This paper presents a structured methodology for designing adaptation pathways. The work describes a high-level adaptation pathway covering heatwave impacts on productivity and health at city level in Antwerp to ensure the city adapts to future conditions. Lastly, a summary is provided of the lessons learned and the challenges of this approach are discussed.This work was supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 308497), Project RAMSES “Reconciling Adaptation, Mitigation and Sustainable Development for Cities” (2012–2017). In addition, this study has received partial funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 653522 (RESIN−Climate Resilient Cities and Infrastructures project)

«Salve, tierra bendita de Huelva». El vuelo del Plus Ultra y su relevancia en los lugares colombinos

20 páginas.Capítulo incluido en el libro: Actas de las Jornadas de Historia sobre el Descubrimiento de América. Tomo IV: Jornadas XI, XII, XIII y XIV, 2015, 2016, 2017 y 2018. Eduardo García Cruzado (Coordinación). Sevilla: Universidad Internacional de Andalucía, 2019. ISBN 978-84-7993-346-3. Enlace: http://hdl.handle.net/10334/3954

Reinforcement and repair of small sawn Pinus Sylvestris beams with carbon fiber

Refuerzo y reparación de vigas de madera aserrada con sistemas de materiales compuestos (fibra de carbono)-- ABSTRACT:This paper explores the behavior of wooden beams tested to bending up to fracture, and later repaired with bidirectional carbon fiber fabric of two grammage types, placed in one or two layers. In addition, beams reinforced with the same fabrics were tested to flexural strength until fracture in order to compare the results. For this purpose, 21 beams were tested to bending at 3 and 4 points; 13 of these beams did not have any reinforcement, 8 of them were repaired with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and later tested, and the other 8 beams were reinforced but were not submitted to any previous test. Results show that when the appropriate fabric strength, the repaired beams –previously collapsed– support higher loads than those that initially caused them to fracture

El Aprendizaje Cooperativo. Herramienta de trabajo para el área de Educación Física.

El presente trabajo está estructurado en varios apartados. Por un lado, se presenta el marco teórico, que se divide a su vez en dos partes: La primera va dedicada a explicar la evolución temporal en la historia que ha llevado esta metodología didáctica. Analizo a fondo su significado y las posibles aportaciones para el ámbito educativo. Por último, explico no solo las características imprescindibles que tienen que reflejarse claramente y ¡ desarrollarse en un grupo de trabajo, sino que además expongo qué relaciones psicosociales se encuentran implicadas en la interacción de los individuos, y cómo el grado de implicación de estas relaciones, provoca que adopten un comportamiento u otro ante el docente y sus iguales. La segunda parte del marco teórico, trata sobre la influencia y aplicación que puede tener el aprendizaje cooperativo como metodología de trabajo en el área de educación física. El objetivo principal de esta parte, es introducir y guiar a los alumnos hacia el aprendizaje cooperativo, utilizando como herramienta de transición el juego cooperativo. Por otro lado, se presenta el marco experiencial que trata sobre una propuesta de intervención dirigida a la educación física. Esta consiste en una serie de juegos y otro tipo de actividades cooperativas