Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Mothers Related to their Oral Health Status of 6-12 Years Old Children in Bhilai City, Chhattisgarh, India

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the oral health status of 6-12 year old children and their mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practices in Bhilai city. Moreover, this study was also carried out to determine whether mother’s oral health related knowledge, attitude, and practices have a significant influence on the oral health of their children. Materials and Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted among children (n=600) aged between 6-12 years, attending both government and private schools accompanied with their mothers in Bhilai city. The oral health status of the children was evaluated by using WHO Oral Health Assessment Form (2013). The parents were then asked to fill 25 item based on selfadministered questionnaire. Mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practices were assessed by direct contact with mothers using close ended questionnaire. Statistical Analysis: The data was then entered and analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Also, p value≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The result of the study showed that 90% of mothers had good knowledge, 75% mothers had average attitude, and 51% mothers had high level practices related to oral health. An inverse relationship was found between children’s oral health status and their mother’s knowledge, attitude, and practices about oral health. Thus, the findings were highly significant. Conclusion: Results showed that mother’s oral health related to knowledge, attitude, and practices had a significant impact on oral health status of their children

Effects of Creativity and Innovation on the Entrepreneurial Performance of the Family Business With Special Reference to Banking Sector

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the roles of the innovation and the creativity in order to improve the performance of the entrepreneur. Along with this the performance of the entrepreneur and its adverse effect on the position of the family business of the company in different market are discussed.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of the study includes the various studies conducted by various researchers in the Entrepreneurial Performance in the family business with regarding to Banking sector.   Design/methodology/approach- In this research article the researcher selects the secondary qualitative data collection method. With the help of secondary qualitative data collection method, the researcher can be able to collect the data from the existing information that are provided in the existing articles.   Findings: The major findings of the study is that with the help of innovation and creativity, the production level of the organization is  improved and along with the employee engagement in the internal work sector of the organization also becomes better after adopting innovation and creativity. And also there is a positive effect of business performance of entrepreneurs in the market position of family business.   Research, Practical and Social implications: The main objectives of this study are to analyze the influencing effect of innovation and creativity on entrepreneurship and to highlight all the changes that are observed in an organization after including creativity and innovation. Moreover, this study also aims to estimate the adverse effect of the performance of the entrepreneur on the family business in the current scenario.   Originality/value: The value of the study is that it provides more insights to the emerging budding entrepreneurs to do family business in an efficient and most effective manner

Clinical efficacy of Kasakartari Gutika in the management of Kasa in Tamaka Shwasa w.s.r. to Bronchial Asthma

Background: The disease Kasa and Tamaka Shwasa mentioned by Acharya Charaka separately, both the disease are originating from Pranavaha Srotas and can damage Pranavaha Srotas permanently. Especially in Tamaka Shwasa Vyadhi, Kasa is very common as a prominent symptom. In fact patient gets more detoriated after onset of Kasa Vega and fills better when it gets subside. Though Tamaka Shwasa Vyadhi is Pitta Samudbhava, Kapha and Vata are always predominant factors. The Strotorodha made by Styana Kapha provocate Vayu excessively and result into Kasa Vega as symptom. According to Ayurveda the contain of Kasakartari Gutika is act as Kasa-shwashar property and hence for present study Kasakartari Gutika was selected as trial drug for treating the patient of Kasa in Tamaka Shwasa. Aim: To study the efficacy of ‘Kasakartari Gutika’ in the management of Kasa in Tamaka Shwasa w.s.r. to Bronchial Asthma. Material and Methods: Total 30 paients of Kasa in Tamaka Shwasa from OPD and IPD unit of Dr. M. N. Agashe Hospital, Satara, were selected and treated with Kasakartari Gutika 1gm B.D. for the duration of 2 month. Result: Maximum 81.81% relief was observed in Kshudhamandya and 80.64% relief was observed in Ayasenshwasa and 77.5% relief was observed in Kasa. Conclusion: The compound formulation ‘Kasakartari Gutika’ was found as an effective remedy for Kasa in Tamaka Shwasa. The parameters like Kasa, Ayasenshwasa and Kshudhamandya shows that they are highly significant result

Upright kneeling position during second stage of labor: a pilot study

Background: Women delivering in upright position have shorter labour due to efficient and stronger contractions with faster descent of foetal head. The present study aimed to find out effect of upright kneeling position in the second stage of labour on maternal and foetal outcome and assess patients’ satisfaction.Methods: The study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital of North India from October 2012 to February 2014. Low risk women admitted in early labour were divided into two groups, women delivering in kneeling position and in supine position. The outcome measures studied were, duration of second stage of labour, mode of delivery, 2nd degree perineal tears, Apgar scores at 5 minutes, NICU admission rate and patient satisfaction.Results: The mean duration of second stage of labour in kneeling group was shorter by 14.901 minutes. The rate of vaginal delivery was comparable for both primigravidas and multigravida in kneeling and supine groups, RR: 2.275, 95% CI (0.7872-6.5831) and RR: 1.633, 95% CI (0.393-6.775). Primigravidas had more 2nd degree perineal tears in kneeling group as compared to supine, RR 4.191, 95% CI (1.54 to 11.41). No difference in Apgar scores >7 at 5 minutes was observed in both groups, however, significantly lesser babies in kneeling group were admitted in NICU, RR 0.246, 95% CI (0.079 to 0.761). There was no difference on comparing satisfaction scores of primigravidas and multigravida in both supine and kneeling position.Conclusions: Kneeling position reduces the duration of second stage of labour and NICU admissions

A side-effect free method for identifying cancer drug targets

Identifying efective drug targets, with little or no side efects, remains an ever challenging task. A potential pitfall of failing to uncover the correct drug targets, due to side efect of pleiotropic genes, might lead the potential drugs to be illicit and withdrawn. Simplifying disease complexity, for the investigation of the mechanistic aspects and identifcation of efective drug targets, have been done through several approaches of protein interactome analysis. Of these, centrality measures have always gained importance in identifying candidate drug targets. Here, we put forward an integrated method of analysing a complex network of cancer and depict the importance of k-core, functional connectivity and centrality (KFC) for identifying efective drug targets. Essentially, we have extracted the proteins involved in the pathways leading to cancer from the pathway databases which enlist real experimental datasets. The interactions between these proteins were mapped to build an interactome. Integrative analyses of the interactome enabled us to unearth plausible reasons for drugs being rendered withdrawn, thereby giving future scope to pharmaceutical industries to potentially avoid them (e.g. ESR1, HDAC2, F2, PLG, PPARA, RXRA, etc). Based upon our KFC criteria, we have shortlisted ten proteins (GRB2, FYN, PIK3R1, CBL, JAK2, LCK, LYN, SYK, JAK1 and SOCS3) as efective candidates for drug development

Effect of Concentration of Precursor on Intrinsic ZnO Thin Films by Spray Pyrolysis

In this work, we have prepared chemically sprayed zinc oxide thin films (ZnO) on microscopic glass substrates. The films were deposited from a starting solution containing zinc acetate dehydrate. The influence of concentration of starting solution on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the ZnO thin films was studied. The structure of all the ZnO thin films was polycrystalline, and a variation in the intensity of preferential growth with the concentration of the solution was observed. The crystallite size was found to increase with precursor concentration and ranges from 56 to 95nm. The optimal deposition conditions leading to conductive and transparent ZnO thin films were also found. In this way a resistivity of 1.88 x 10-2 Ω-cm with a (0 02) preferential growth, were obtained in optimized ZnO thin films.  Due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, ZnO films are promising contender for their potential use as transparent window layer and electrodes in solar cell

Randomized Clinical Trial of High-Dose Rifampicin With or Without Levofloxacin Versus Standard of Care for Pediatric Tuberculous Meningitis: The TBM-KIDS Trial

Background. Pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM) commonly causes death or disability. In adults, high-dose rifampicin may reduce mortality. The role of fluoroquinolones remains unclear. There have been no antimicrobial treatment trials for pediatric TBM. Methods. TBM-KIDS was a phase 2 open-label randomized trial among children with TBM in India and Malawi. Participants received isoniazid and pyrazinamide plus: (i) high-dose rifampicin (30 mg/kg) and ethambutol (R30HZE, arm 1); (ii) high-dose rifampicin and levofloxacin (R30HZL, arm 2); or (iii) standard-dose rifampicin and ethambutol (R15HZE, arm 3) for 8 weeks, followed by 10 months of standard treatment. Functional and neurocognitive outcomes were measured longitudinally using Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). Results. Of 2487 children prescreened, 79 were screened and 37 enrolled. Median age was 72 months; 49%, 43%, and 8% had stage I, II, and III disease, respectively. Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 58%, 55%, and 36% of children in arms 1, 2, and 3, with 1 death (arm 1) and 6 early treatment discontinuations (4 in arm 1, 1 each in arms 2 and 3). By week 8, all children recovered to MRS score of 0 or 1. Average MSEL scores were significantly better in arm 1 than arm 3 in fine motor, receptive language, and expressive language domains (P < .01). Conclusions. In a pediatric TBM trial, functional outcomes were excellent overall. The trend toward higher frequency of adverse events but better neurocognitive outcomes in children receiving high-dose rifampicin requires confirmation in a larger trial. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02958709

Design of Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter for Solar Energy Applications

The continuous rise in electricity demand leads to adoption of renewable energy sources such as sun, wind for power generation. In order to utilize the electric power obtained from renewable solar energy, inverters are required to inject the electricity into the grid. This paper presents single phase flying capacitor multi-level inverter with help of SPWM technique. The comparison of single phase three-level, five-level and seven-level flying capacitor multilevel inverters is carried out with respect to waveform pattern, output current, output voltage, active power and reactive power waveforms. The simulations are conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment