Extracellular matrix in yeast populations

Mikroorganismy se v přírodním prostředí nejčastěji vyskytují v mnohobuněčných formách, nejčastěji v biofilmech. Biofilm je charakterizován jako společenství buněk, žijících na rozhraní prostředí, uzavřených v extracelulární matrix. ECM tvoří významnou složku biofilmů u kvasinkových populací. Extracelulární matrix funguje jako ochranná bariéra a umožňuje buňkám přežívat v nepříznivých podmínkách i lépe kompetovat o prostředí s ostatními mikroorganismy. Tvoří také účinnou bariéru proti antibiotikům či jiným škodlivým látkám, což dělá z biofilmů velký problém ve zdravotnictví a průmyslu. Tvorba matrix může být ovlivněná morfologickými formami kolonií. U některých mikroorganismů dochází ke zvýšené tvorbě ECM při fenotypovém přepínání jako reakce na změnu životních podmínek. Složení ECM je rodově i druhově specifické. Hlavní složku matrix tvoří polysacharidy a proteiny.The microorganisms in a natural environment are frequently found in multicellular forms, most commonly in biofilms. Biofilm is characterized as a community of cells living at the interface of two environments, embedded in the extracellular matrix. ECM is a significant component of biofilms in yeast populations. Extracellular matrix acts as a protective barrier and allows cells to survive under adverse conditions and better compete with other microorganisms. It also forms an effective barrier against antibiotics and other harmful substances, what makes biofilms a serious problem in medicine and industry. Formation of the matrix may be influenced by the morphological forms of colonies. Increased formation of ECM is commonly connected in phenotypic switching in response to changes of their living conditions. The compositeion of the ECM is a genus-and species-specific. The main component of the matrix consists of polysaccharides and proteins.Department of Genetics and MicrobiologyKatedra genetiky a mikrobiologiePřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

Determination of Retinol, -Tocopherol, Lycopene, and -Carotene in Human Plasma Using HPLC with UV-Vis Detection: Application to a Clinical Study

A method is described here for the simultaneous determination of retinol, -tocopherol, lycopene, and -carotene in human plasma. e effectiveness of various protein precipitants and extraction solvents was tested. Aer adequate sample preparation, the samples were injected directly into the HPLC system. e separation was realized on an analytical reversed-phase column with a UV-Vis detection. e analytical performance of this method was satisfactory. e intraassay and interassay coefficients of variation were below 10%. e recoveries were as follows: 97.0% (CV 2.4%) for retinol, 94.6% (CV 1.7%) for -tocopherol, 91.9% (CV 3.6%) for lycopene, and 93.9% (CV 4.2%) for -carotene. e levels of selected fat-soluble vitamins in plasma of patients with cardiovascular disease were measured and discussed

PTt history from kyanite-sillimanite migmatites and garnet-staurolite schists from the Bayankhongor area, Mongolia indicates suprasubduction switching from extension to compression during Rodinia assembly

The tectonometamorphic evolution of the peri-Siberian tract of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is mainly characterized by Baikalian Late Proterozoic - Early Cambrian cycle related to amalgamation of Proterozoic oceanic and continent fragments to Siberain landmass. Here we present in-situ monazite geochronology linked to P−T modelling of micashischsts and migmatite gneisses at the northern part of the Precambrian Baydrag block (central Mongolia) previously considered as a part of Baikalian metamorphic belt. Garnet-sillimanite-kyanite gneiss records first burial to the sillimanite stability at ~725 °C and 6.5 kbar, followed by burial to the kyanite stability at ~650 °C and ~8 kbar. The garnet-staurolite schist records burial to the staurolite-stability at ~620 °C and 6 kbar, followed by a nearly isothermal burial to ~580 °C and 9 kbar. The monazite data yield a continuum of 207Pb-corrected 238U/206Pb dates of c. 926−768 Ma in the Grt−Sil−Ky gneiss, and c. 937−754 Ma in the Grt-St schist. Based on monazite textural positon and internal zoning, the time of prograde burial and peak under a thermal gradient of 28-32 °C/km is estimated at c. 870−890 Ma. It is not clear whether such high grade conditions prevailed until a phase of further burial under a geothermal gradient of 18-22 °C/km and dated at 800−820 Ma. Additionally, monazite with dates of c. 568−515 Ma occurs as whole grains or as rims with sharp boundaries on Grenvillean monazite in Grt-St schist testifying for minor Baikalian overprint. Metamorphic zircon rims with Th/U ratio ~0.01-0.06 in Grt−Sil−Ky gneiss with 877 ± 7 Ma age, together with lower intercepts of zircon discordia lines in both Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss and Grt-St schist further support the Tonian age of high grade metamorphism. The P−T and geochronology data show anticlockwise P−T evolution from c. 930 to 750 Ma which is interpreted as a result of thickening of suprasubduction extensional and hot edifice - probably of back arc or arc type. This kind of prograde metamorphism was so far described only on the northern part of the Tarim block and interpreted as a result of initiation of peri-Rodinian subduction of Mirovoi Ocean. Here, we further discuss geodynamic consequences of a unique discovery of Tonian metamorphism in term of tectonic switch related to initiation of peri-Rodinian oceanic subduction during supercontinent assembly followed by strong mechanical coupling potentially related to onset of Rodinia splitting

Anticlockwise metamorphic paths at ca. 890−790 Ma from the NE Baidrag block, Mongolia, indicate back-arc compression at the Rodinia periphery

The processes leading to the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent through Grenvillian collisional orogeny are relatively well known. In contrast, accretionary orogenic processes occurring at the supercontinent periphery following Rodinia assembly are poorly understood. To fill this gap, we have identified metamorphic rocks in the Mongolia collage of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, where numerous data testify for Meso- to Neo-proterozoic magmatic reworking. The tectono-metamorphic evolution of the peri-Siberian tract of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is mainly characterized by the late Proterozoic-early Cambrian (Baikalian) cycle. However, we document here a Tonian age metamorphism at the northern part of the Precambrian Baidrag block, previously considered as a typical example of the Baikalian metamorphic belt. This study incorporates zircon and in-situ monazite geochronology linked to P-T modelling of Grt-Sil-Ky migmatite gneiss and Grt-St micaschist. Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss records initial burial to the sillimanite stability field at ~720 °C and 6.0 kbar followed by further burial to the kyanite stability field at ~750 °C and ~9 kbar and decompression to ~650 °C and ~8 kbar. The Grt-St schist records initial burial to the staurolite stability field at ~620 °C and 6 kbar, followed by further burial to ~590 °C and 8.5 kbar. The monazite data yield a continuum of 207Pb-corrected 238U/206Pb dates of ca. 926−768 Ma in the Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss, and ca. 937−754 Ma in the Grt-St schist. Based on monazite textural positon, internal zoning, and REE patterns, the time of prograde burial to 6.0 kbar under a thermal gradient of 27-32 °C/km is estimated at ca. 890−853 Ma. It is not clear whether such high-grade conditions prevailed until a phase of further burial under a geothermal gradient of 18-22 °C/km dated at ca. 835−815 Ma. The late monazite recrystallization at ca. 790 Ma is related to decompression. Additionally, monazite with dates of ca. 568−515 Ma occur as whole grains or as rims with sharp boundaries on Tonian monazite in Grt-St schist suggesting a minor Baikalian overprint. Metamorphic zircon rims with Th/U ratios of ~0.01-0.06 in Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss with 877±7 Ma age, together with lower intercepts of detrital zircon discordia lines in both Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss and Grt-St schist further support the Tonian age of high-grade metamorphism. The anticlockwise P-T evolution is interpreted as a result of thickening of a supra-subduction extensional and hot edifice - probably of back-arc or arc type. This kind of prograde metamorphism has so far only been described on the northern part of the Tarim block and was interpreted to be a result of initiation of peri- Rodinian subduction of the Mirovoi Ocean. The geodynamic consequences of a unique discovery of Tonian metamorphism are discussed in terms of tectonic switch related to initiation of peri-Rodinian oceanic subduction during supercontinent assembly, followed by strong mechanical coupling potentially related to onset of Rodinia dispersal

Praxe studijního programu Učitelství pro mateřské školy: metodická příručka pro studenty

Title in English: Practice of the Study Program Teacher Training for Kindergartens: Methodical Handbook for Students The methodological manual was created with the aim of helping students of the bachelor's study program Teacher Training for Kindergartens to better understand the system of pedagogical and didactic practices so that they have a comprehensive idea of their organization and relationship to some theoretical subjects. At the same time, it should provide a deeper insight into the relationship between theory and practice through the portfolio and approach its function at the very end of the study, ie during the final state examination

XXIV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách

Title in English: 24th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings. The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 24rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 79 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism or regional public administration

Employment and social integration of special vocational school's graduates

Katedra speciální pedagogikyPedagogická fakultaFaculty of Educatio

Studies of S. cerevisiae BR-S strain with deletion of SIR2 gene

Yeasts are unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms, capable of forming of organised multicellular communities, the colonies. Many yeast strains possess a characteristic colony morphology under defined living conditions. Another feature typical for many feral and pathogenic yeast strains is the ability to switch their morphotype. This phenomenon, called the phenotypic switching, contributes to a rapid adaptation to the changing harmful environment and is often connected with changes of the stress resistance or with the changes of virulence of pathogenic yeasts. Phenotypic switching can be observed even in non-pathogenic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The strain BR-F, isolated from nature, switches under laboratory conditions from fluffy to smooth morphology of the strain BR-S. This phenotypic switch is accompanied by broad changes in the phenotype. Transcriptome analyses of the strains BR-F and BR-S have shown, among others, changes in expression of the subtelomeric genes that are under control of the histone acetylases and deacetylases. My work was aimed to the histone deacetylase Sir2p, which could influence the phenotypic switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The sir2 deletion mutant of the strain BR-S, prepared in our laboratory, was used for my studies. The results show, that the strain BR-S..

Improvement of utilization and efficiency of the e-shop in TART, Inc.

Práce se zaměřuje na výzkum spokojenosti zákazníků se službami a produkty e-hopu společnosti TART, s.r.o. Zabývá se také teoretickým základem vzniku a rozvoje elektronického obchodu. V práci jsou využity metody brainstormingu, dotazníkového šetření a banchmarkingu.The thesis focuses on the research of customer satisfaction with the services and products found on the online store of the company TART, Inc. It also addresses the theoretical basis for the formation and development of the online store. The study used methods of brainstorming, questionnaire construction and benchmarking.Dopravní fakulta Jana Perner