73 research outputs found
Les abeilles du genre Homalictus Cockerell, 1919 en Nouvelle-Calédonie (Hymenoptera : Apoidea : Halictidae)
Dix espèces de Homalictus Cockerell, 1919 sont inventoriées de Nouvelle-Calédonie, dont sept sont nouvelles : Homalictus curvistriae Donovan & Pauly, H. heliotropiae Pauly & Donovan, H. hienghenensis Donovan & Pauly, H. koghiensis Donovan & Pauly, H. mcphersoni Donovan & Pauly, H. melanasiae Donovan & Pauly, H. projectio Donovan & Pauly. Le mâle de Homalictus cocos Pauly & Munzinger 2003 est décrit pour la première fois
Les Austronomia Michener, 1965 de Nouvelle-Calédonie et de l'archipel du Vanuatu (Hymenoptera : Apoidea : Halictidae : Nomiinae)
Six espèces d'Austronomia Michener, 1965 sont inventoriées de Nouvelle-Calédonie et de l'archipel du Vanuatu. Trois d'entre elles sont nouvelles : A. doensis sp. nov. et A. neocaledonica sp. nov. de la Grande-Terre en Nouvelle-Calédonie, A. loyali sp. nov. des îles Loyauté (NC) et de l'archipel du Vanuatu
The self-perception and political biases of ChatGPT
This contribution analyzes the self-perception and political biases of OpenAI’s Large Language Model ChatGPT. Considering the first small-scale reports and studies that have emerged, claiming that ChatGPT is politically biased towards progressive and libertarian points of view, this contribution is aimed at providing further clarity on this subject. Although the concept of political bias and affiliation is hard to define, lacking an agreed-upon measure for its quantification, this contribution attempts to examine this issue by having ChatGPT respond to questions on commonly used measures of political bias. In addition, further measures for personality traits that have previously been linked to political affiliations were examined. More specifically, ChatGPT was asked to answer the questions posed by the political compass test as well as similar questionnaires that are specific to the respective politics of the G7 member states. These eight tests were repeated ten times each and indicate that ChatGPT seems to hold a bias towards progressive views. The political compass test revealed a bias towards progressive and libertarian views, supporting the claims of prior research. The political questionnaires for the G7 member states indicated a bias towards progressive views but no significant bias between authoritarian and libertarian views, contradicting the findings of prior reports. In addition, ChatGPT’s Big Five personality traits were tested using the OCEAN test, and its personality type was queried using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test. Finally, the maliciousness of ChatGPT was evaluated using the Dark Factor test. These three tests were also repeated ten times each, revealing that ChatGPT perceives itself as highly open and agreeable, has the Myers-Briggs personality type ENFJ, and is among the test-takers with the least pronounced dark traits
Improvement in real time detection and selectivity of phthalocyanine gas sensors dedicated to oxidizing pollutants evaluation
International audienceA sensor microsystem prototype, using copper phthalocyanine thin film as sensitive layer, and dedicated to ozone evaluation, was developed. The methodology implemented is based on cyclic sensor recalibrations by thermal cleaning of the sensitive membrane, and on pollutant concentration quantification according to the kinetics of sensor response. Results of laboratory experiments for various NO2 and O3 concentrations, in the range of 10–200 ppb, illustrate the selectivity of CuPc sensors towards ozone, obtained by our methodology. We have shown that ozone selectivity is especially improved for short time of exposure (few minutes) and for phthalocyanine layer maintained at low temperature (80 °C). For optimal conditions, our microsystem exhibits a threshold lower than 10 ppb, a resolution lower than 10 ppb, and good reproducibility of measurements. Performances obtained in real urban atmosphere are satisfying to ensure real time evaluation of ozone during several days. Long-term stability and the detection of NO2 by associating chemical filters to our microsystem will be also discussed
Coalition and coalition announcement logic
Dynamic epistemic logics which model abilities of agents to make various announcements and influence each other’s knowledge have been studied extensively in recent years. Two notable examples of such logics are Group Announcement Logic and Coalition Announcement Logic. They allow us to reason about what groups of agents can achieve through joint announcements in non-competitive and competitive environments. In this paper, we consider a combination of these logics – Coalition and Group Announcement Logic and provide its complete axiomatisation. Moreover, we partially answer the question of how group and coalition announcement operators interact, and settle some other open problems
High pressure solubility data of carbon dioxide in (tri-iso-butyl(methyl)phosphonium tosylate + water) systems
Ionic liquids are attracting great attention nowadays due to their interesting properties which make them
useful in a broad range of applications including reaction media or separation/capture of environmentally
hazardous gases such as carbon dioxide. In many cases, for practical and/or economical reasons, the use
of aqueous solutions of ILs would be preferable to their use as pure compounds.
In this work, high pressure equilibrium data for the {carbon dioxide (CO2) + tri-iso-butyl(methyl)phosphonium
tosylate [iBu3MeP][TOS] + water system were measured at temperatures ranging from (276
to 370) K and pressures up to 100 MPa. Measurements were performed using a high-pressure cell with
a sapphire window that allows direct observation of the liquid–vapour transition. Mixtures with different
IL concentrations were studied in order to check the influence of the amount of IL on the solubility of CO2
in the aqueous mixture.
The results show that the presence of IL enhances the solubility of CO2 in the (IL + water) system revealing
a salting-in effect of the IL on the solubility of CO2. The appearance of a three phase region was
observed for IL concentrations higher than 4 mol% of IL in water when working at pressures between 4
and 8 MPa and temperatures between (280 and 305) K. In this range, the upper limit of the VLE region
observed is shown to increase with the temperature being almost independent of the IL initial concentration
in the mixture.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)FEDERCICECO, University of Aveir
Electrodes Modification Based on Metal-Free Phthalocyanine: Example of Electrochemical Sensors for the Detection of Acetic Acid
Electroanalytical properties of tetra-tert-butyl phthalocyanine (PcH 2 -tBu) modified electrodes are studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified electrodes are obtained by CV deposition techniques on gold (Au) and glassy carbon (C) screenprinted electrodes (SPEs) and used for the electrochemical detection of acetic acid (AA). Based on the CV experiments, the electrodeposition mechanism is detailed. The modified PcH 2 -tBu electrodes reveal one oxidation and one reduction peak within the potential window of the working electrodes. In the presence of the analyte (acetic acid), the modified electrodes show sensitivity in the range of 10 mM to 400 mM. For the PcH 2 -tBu modified Au electrode, a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.89 mM (based on the +0.06 V peak) was obtained while for the PcH 2 -tBu modified C electrode a LOD of 17.76 mM (based on the +0.07 V peak) was achieved. A signal decay of 17%, based on 20 experiments, is obtained when gold is used as working electrode. If carbon is used as working electrode a value of 7% is attained. A signal decay is observed after more than 50 cycles of experiments and is more pronounced when higher concentrations of acetic acid are used. A mechanism of sensing is proposed at the end
Reference Correlation of the Viscosity of Squalane from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa
International audienceThe paper presents a new reference correlation for the viscosity of squalane at 0.1 MPa. The correlation should be valuable as it is the first to cover a moderately high viscosity range, from 3 to 118 mPa s. It is based on new viscosity measurements carried out for this work, as well as other critically evaluated experimental viscosity data from the literature. The correlation is valid from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa. The average absolute percentage deviation of the fit is 0.67, and the expanded uncertainty, with a coverage factor k = 2, is 1.5%
Extraction of Biomolecules Using Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids + K3PO4 Aqueous Biphasic Systems
Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) provide an alternative and efficient approach for the extraction, recovery and purification of biomolecules through their partitioning between two liquid aqueous phases. In this work, the ability of hydrophilic phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) to form ABS with aqueous K3PO4 solutions was evaluated for the first time. Ternary phase diagrams, and respective tie-lines and tie-lines length, formed by distinct phosphonium-based ILs, water, and K3PO4 at 298 K, were measured and are reported. The studied phosphonium-based ILs have shown to be more effective in promoting ABS compared to the imidazolium-based counterparts with similar anions. Moreover, the extractive capability of such systems was assessed for distinct biomolecules (including amino acids, food colourants and alkaloids). Densities and viscosities of both aqueous phases, at the mass fraction compositions used for the biomolecules extraction, were also determined. The evaluated IL-based ABS have been shown to be prospective extraction media, particularly for hydrophobic biomolecules, with several advantages over conventional polymer-inorganic salt ABS
Age at onset as stratifier in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease – effect of ageing and polygenic risk score on clinical phenotypes
Several phenotypic differences observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients have been linked to age at onset (AAO). We endeavoured to find out whether these differences are due to the ageing process itself by using a combined dataset of idiopathic PD (n = 430) and healthy controls (HC; n = 556) excluding carriers of known PD-linked genetic mutations in both groups. We found several significant effects of AAO on motor and non-motor symptoms in PD, but when comparing the effects of age on these symptoms with HC (using age at assessment, AAA), only positive associations of AAA with burden of motor symptoms and cognitive impairment were significantly different between PD vs HC. Furthermore, we explored a potential effect of polygenic risk score (PRS) on clinical phenotype and identified a significant inverse correlation of AAO and PRS in PD. No significant association between PRS and severity of clinical symptoms was found. We conclude that the observed non-motor phenotypic differences in PD based on AAO are largely driven by the ageing process itself and not by a specific profile of neurodegeneration linked to AAO in the idiopathic PD patients
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