Estudos taxonômicos do gênero "padina" adanson "dictyotaceae - phaeophyta" no litoral do estado da Bahia, Brasil

Estudos taxonómicos do género Padina Adanson (Dictyotaceae-Phaeophyta) no litoral do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Este estudo faz parte de um levantamento florístico de algas marinhas bentónicas do estado da Bahia, desenvolvida peía Universidade Federal da Bahia. Náo existe ainda no Brasil estudos taxonómicos que tratem exclusivamente deste genero. Através da análise de caracteres morfo-anatómicos foram reconhecidos e ilustrados quatro táxons: Padina antillarum (Kutzing) Piccone, P. boergesenii Allender & Krafy, P. aff. gymnnospora (Kutzing) Sonder e P. sanctae-crucis B0rgesen. Referencia da descri9~o original, basiónimo, descri~o morfológica, distribui~áo geográfica ao longo do litoral brasileiro, incluindo mapa e comentários taxonómicos foram apresentados para cada táxon estudado. Chaves dicotómicas para identifica9áo das espécies, bem como tabelas comparativas para cada táxon também sáo apresentadas

Caracterização do vírus da raiva isolado de uma colônia de morcegos Eptesicus furinalis, do Brasil

Some bat species have adapted to the expanding human population by acquiring the ability to roost in urban buildings, increasing the exposure risk for people and domestic animals, and consequently, the likelihood of transmitting rabies. Three dead bats were found in the yard of a house in an urban area of Jundiaí city in the state of São Paulo in southeast Brazil. Two of the three bats tested positive for rabies, using Fluorescent Antibody and Mouse Inoculation techniques. A large colony of Eptesicus furinalis was found in the house's attic, and of the 119 bats captured, four more tested positive for rabies. The objectives of this study were to report the rabies diagnosis, characterize the isolated virus antigenically and genetically, and study the epidemiology of the colony.Algumas espécies de morcegos têm se adaptado ao uso de abrigos em construções urbanas, aumentando a possibilidade de contato desses morcegos com pessoas e animais domésticos e conseqüentemente, o potencial risco de transmissão de raiva. Três morcegos foram encontrados no jardim de uma casa na área urbana da cidade de Jundiaí, Estado de São Paulo, Sudeste do Brasil, dois deles foram positivos para raiva pelas técnicas de imunofluorescência e inoculação em camundongos. Uma grande colônia de E. furinalis foi identificada, vivendo no sótão da casa e 119 morcegos foram encaminhados para diagnóstico de raiva, com mais quatro morcegos positivos. O objetivo desse estudo é apresentar a caracterização genética e antigênica do vírus da raiva isolado desses morcegos e o estudo epidemiológico da colônia

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

The IDENTIFY study: the investigation and detection of urological neoplasia in patients referred with suspected urinary tract cancer - a multicentre observational study

Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged ≥16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer; stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3–34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1–30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77–1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80–1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32–2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03–1.05; P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90–4.15; P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14–1.50; P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30–3.18; P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer

Socializing One Health: an innovative strategy to investigate social and behavioral risks of emerging viral threats

In an effort to strengthen global capacity to prevent, detect, and control infectious diseases in animals and people, the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats (EPT) PREDICT project funded development of regional, national, and local One Health capacities for early disease detection, rapid response, disease control, and risk reduction. From the outset, the EPT approach was inclusive of social science research methods designed to understand the contexts and behaviors of communities living and working at human-animal-environment interfaces considered high-risk for virus emergence. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, PREDICT behavioral research aimed to identify and assess a range of socio-cultural behaviors that could be influential in zoonotic disease emergence, amplification, and transmission. This broad approach to behavioral risk characterization enabled us to identify and characterize human activities that could be linked to the transmission dynamics of new and emerging viruses. This paper provides a discussion of implementation of a social science approach within a zoonotic surveillance framework. We conducted in-depth ethnographic interviews and focus groups to better understand the individual- and community-level knowledge, attitudes, and practices that potentially put participants at risk for zoonotic disease transmission from the animals they live and work with, across 6 interface domains. When we asked highly-exposed individuals (ie. bushmeat hunters, wildlife or guano farmers) about the risk they perceived in their occupational activities, most did not perceive it to be risky, whether because it was normalized by years (or generations) of doing such an activity, or due to lack of information about potential risks. Integrating the social sciences allows investigations of the specific human activities that are hypothesized to drive disease emergence, amplification, and transmission, in order to better substantiate behavioral disease drivers, along with the social dimensions of infection and transmission dynamics. Understanding these dynamics is critical to achieving health security--the protection from threats to health-- which requires investments in both collective and individual health security. Involving behavioral sciences into zoonotic disease surveillance allowed us to push toward fuller community integration and engagement and toward dialogue and implementation of recommendations for disease prevention and improved health security

O gênero Dictyota Lamouroux (Dictyotaceae-Phaeophyta) no litoral do Estado de Bahia, Brasil

O gênero Dictyota Lamouroux (Dictyotaceae-Phaoephyta) no litoral do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Este estudo faz parte de um levantamento florístico de algas marinhas bentônicas do estado da Bahia, desenvolvida pela Universidade Federal da Bahia. Através da análise de caracteres morfo-anatômicos foram reconhecidos e ilustrados nove táxons: D. bartayresiana J. V. Lamouroux, D. cervicornis Kützing f. cervicornis, D. cervicornis f. pseudohamata (Cribb) De Clerck & Coppejans, D. ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing, D. crispata J. V. Lamouroux, D. jamaicensis W. R. Taylor, D. menstrualis (Hoyt) Schnetter, Hörnig & Weber-Peukert, D. mertensii (Martius) Kützing e D. pulchella Hörnig & Schnetter. Referência da descrição original, basiônimo, descrição morfológica, distribuição geográfica ao longo do litoral brasileiro, incluindo mapa e comentários taxonômicos foram apresentados para cada táxon estudado. Chaves dicotômicas para identificação das espécies, bem como tabela comparativa dos táxons é apresentada. D. crispata constitui-se em primeira referência para o Brasil. = The genus Dictyota (Dictyotaceae-Phaeophyta) on the littoral of the State of Bahia, Brazil. This study is part of a taxonomic survey of the benthic marine algae, carried out by Universidade Federal da Bahia. Based on detailed morphological and anatomical analyses were recognized and illustrate nine taxa: D. bartayresiana J. V. Lamouroux, D. cervicornis Kützing f. cervicornis, D. cervicornis f. pseudohamata (Cribb) De Clerck & Coppejans, D. ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing, D. crispata J. V. Lamouroux, D. jamaicensis W. R. Taylor, D. menstrualis (Hoyt) Schnetter, Hörnig & Weber-Peukert, D. mertensii (Martius) Kützing e D. pulchella Hörnig & Schnetter. Reference to the original description, basionym, morphological description, geographical distribution along the Brazilian littoral, including map and taxonomical comments was presented for each taxon studied. Dichotomic keys for identification for the species, and comparative table for taxons is also presented. D. crispata is recorded in the first time for the Brazil

O gênero Dictyota Lamouroux (Dictyotacea-Phaeophyta) no litoral do Estado de Bahia, Brasil

O gênero Dictyota Lamouroux (Dictyotaceae-Phaoephyta) no litoral do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Este estudo faz parte de um levantamento florístico de algas marinhas bentônicas do estado da Bahia, desenvolvida pela Universidade Federal da Bahia. Através da análise de caracteres morfo-anatômicos foram reconhecidos e ilustrados nove táxons: D. bartayresiana J. V. Lamouroux, D. cervicornis Kützing f. cervicornis, D. cervicornis f. pseudohamata (Cribb) De Clerck & Coppejans, D. ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing, D. crispata J. V. Lamouroux, D. jamaicensis W. R. Taylor, D. menstrualis (Hoyt) Schnetter, Hörnig & Weber-Peukert, D. mertensii (Martius) Kützing e D. pulchella Hörnig & Schnetter. Referência da descrição original, basiônimo, descrição morfológica, distribuição geográfica ao longo do litoral brasileiro, incluindo mapa e comentários taxonômicos foram apresentados para cada táxon estudado. Chaves dicotômicas para identificação das espécies, bem como tabela comparativa dos táxons é apresentada. D. crispata constitui-se em primeira referência para o Brasil. = The genus Dictyota (Dictyotaceae-Phaeophyta) on the littoral of the State of Bahia, Brazil. This study is part of a taxonomic survey of the benthic marine algae, carried out by Universidade Federal da Bahia. Based on detailed morphological and anatomical analyses were recognized and illustrate nine taxa: D. bartayresiana J. V. Lamouroux, D. cervicornis Kützing f. cervicornis, D. cervicornis f. pseudohamata (Cribb) De Clerck & Coppejans, D. ciliolata Sonder ex Kützing, D. crispata J. V. Lamouroux, D. jamaicensis W. R. Taylor, D. menstrualis (Hoyt) Schnetter, Hörnig & Weber-Peukert, D. mertensii (Martius) Kützing e D. pulchella Hörnig & Schnetter. Reference to the original description, basionym, morphological description, geographical distribution along the Brazilian littoral, including map and taxonomical comments was presented for each taxon studied. Dichotomic keys for identification for the species, and comparative table for taxons is also presented. D. crispata is recorded in the first time for the Brazil

Níveis da bacitracina de zinco como melhorador do desempenho de frangos de corte

A utilização de antimicrobianos melhoradores de desempenho na criação de frangos de corte é uma prática comum na indústria avícola e, no Brasil, seu uso deve ser feito de acordo com os limites determinados pelo Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA).Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho determinar o efeito da utilização da bacitracina de zinco, dentro dos níveis recomendados pelo Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), em dietas para frangos de corte sobre o desempenho de aves e criadas de 1 a 42 dias de idade. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos, distribuídos em 10 repetições de 25 pintos machos de corte da linhagem Cobb 500®, totalizando 1250 aves. Os tratamentos experimentais foram constituídos de cinco níveis de inclusão de bacitracina de zinco (0, 10, 25, 40 e 55ppm). As variáveis analisadas foram consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar e avaliação econômica das dietas. Para o período total de criação, avaliou-se também a viabilidade dos frangos de corte. A bacitracina de zinco foi eficiente como beneficiador do desempenho de frangos de corte criados no período de 1 a 21, 1 a 35 e 1 a 42 dias. Para o período de 1 a 21 dias, o uso de 55 e 29,3ppm de bacitracina de zinco resultou em menor consumo de ração e maior ganho de peso, respectivamente. No geral, a melhor conversão alimentar foi obtida quando se adicionou 55ppm de bacitracina de zinco na ração de frangos de corte

O teste imunoenzimático elisa no líquido pericárdico: novo método para o diagnóstico post-mortem da doença de Chagas

Realizou-se o teste imunoenzimático ELISA, paralelamente à reação de imunofluorescência, para a detecção de anticorpos antí-Trypanosoma cruzi, em 137 amostras de líquidos pericárdicos humanos, colhidos na necropsia. Os resultados foram cotejados com os achados anatomopatológicos. Observou-se que: (1) os dois testes foram positivos em 30 casos e negativos em 105; (2) o teste ELISA foipositivo em 2 casos nos quais a immofluorescència revelou-se negativa; num desses casos, havia sinais morfológicos de doença de Chagas; (3) a média geométrica dos títulos obtidos com o teste ELISA foi significativamente maior que a da imunofluorescência; (4) o índice de concordância entre os dois testes apresentou o valor de 0,985. O presente relato parece-nos inédito quanto ao uso do teste imunoenzimático no líquidoperícárdicopara o diagnóstico post- mortem da doença de Chagas