Turning the digital divide into digital dividends through free content and open networks: WikiEducator Learning4Content (L4C) Initiative

In today’s world, where tuition fees continue to rise rapidly and the demand for higher education increases in both the developing and developed world, it is important to find additional and alternative learning passage ways, learners can afford. Traditional education as we have known it has begun to change, allowing for new parallel learning opportunities to take shape and avenues to open up. This paper describes the world’s largest online training initiative in open education, teaching wiki technology online to educators in the formal education sector worldwide but not limited to. “WikiEducator” founded in 2006, operated with funding support by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (WFHF) and under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Learning (COL), an intergovernmental organization created by Commonwealth Heads of Government, to encourage the development and sharing of open learning and distance education knowledge, resources and technology. In May 2009, it became its own entity residing under the Otago Polytechnic’s International Centre for Open Education Resources under the auspices of the Open Education Resource Foundation (OERF) in Dunedin, New Zealand, where it is still today. WikiEducator’s flagship, the Learning4Content (L4C) project builds capacity among global educators by teaching wiki technology to newcomers in open education and experts alike, and asks participant to create open content on WikiEducator, to contribute towards WikiEducator’s strategic objectives, in exchange for the one free training opportunity received. The success of the L4C project provided the basis for WikiEducator reaching its target figures of teaching 2500 educators wiki skills in three year, two years in advance and was the reason why large number of newbies and experts alike joined the project. Even though most learners make users of the offered free learning opportunities through the L4C project, there are learners in today’s world who will never have the opportunity to learn online or even have access to computers. WikiEducator developed a feature called “wiki-to-print” which allows you to select and combine free and open WikiEducator content into a book that can be printed out and used offline. This provides an opportunity to reach the unreached to gain access to knowledge and information. The paper will take you through the different development stages and outcomes and is the world’s largest attempt to build wiki skills among global educators

Identification and Characterization of Human Observational Studies in Nutritional Epidemiology on Gut Microbiomics for Joint Data Analysis

In any research field, data access and data integration are major challenges that even large, well-established consortia face. Although data sharing initiatives are increasing, joint data analyses on nutrition and microbiomics in health and disease are still scarce. We aimed to identify observational studies with data on nutrition and gut microbiome composition from the Intestinal Microbiomics (INTIMIC) Knowledge Platform following the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles. An adapted template from the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) consortium was used to collect microbiome-specific information and other related factors. In total, 23 studies (17 longitudinal and 6 cross-sectional) were identified from Italy (7), Germany (6), Netherlands (3), Spain (2), Belgium (1), and France (1) or multiple countries (3). Of these, 21 studies collected information on both dietary intake (24 h dietary recall, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), or Food Records) and gut microbiome. All studies collected stool samples. The most often used sequencing platform was Illumina MiSeq, and the preferred hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were V3-V4 or V4. The combination of datasets will allow for sufficiently powered investigations to increase the knowledge and understanding of the relationship between food and gut microbiome in health and disease

High Prevalence of Genital Mycoplasmas among Sexually Active Young Adults with Urethritis or Cervicitis Symptoms in La Crosse, Wisconsin

Sexually active young adults in the small college town of La Crosse, Wisconsin, were evaluated for conventional sexually transmitted pathogens and tested for infections with mycoplasmas. The prevalence in 65 symptomatic men or women and 137 healthy volunteers (67 men and 70 women) was compared. Urine specimens from both cohorts were tested by ligase chain reaction for Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In addition, the urethral or cervical swabs from the symptomatic subjects were tested by PCR for Mycoplasma genitalium and cultured for Mycoplasma hominis and the ureaplasmas. The results confirmed a relatively low prevalence of gonorrhea among symptomatic men (12%) and chlamydia among symptomatic men (15%) and normal women (3%). In contrast, infections with mycoplasmas, especially the ureaplasmas (57%), were common and the organisms were the only potential sexually transmitted pathogen detected in 40 (62%) symptomatic subjects. Because of the high prevalence, we also evaluated urethral swabs from an additional 25 normal female volunteers and recovered ureaplasmas from 4 (16%) subjects. Additionally, the participants rarely used protection during sexual intercourse and some symptomatic subjects apparently acquired their infections despite using condoms regularly. The findings demonstrate a strong association between abnormal urogenital findings and detection of myoplasmas, particularly ureaplasmas, and suggest the infections will remain common