Persistence Strategy of \u3cem\u3ePanicum Maximum\u3c/em\u3e cv. Tanzania in Grazed Pastures

In many cases, tiller age cohorts survival diagrams show seasonal increases or decreases in rates of tiller birth and death, which may be regarded as persistence strategy (Matthew et al., 2000). The aim of this work was to analyse tiller demographic information of P. maximum cv. Tanzania to determine its persistence strategy

Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Transitory Cell Wall Components and Their Impact on the Interaction of Fungi with Host Cells

Submitted by Fabricia Pimenta ([email protected]) on 2018-06-29T18:34:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Marcio_Rodrigues_etal_CDTS_2016.pdf: 690221 bytes, checksum: a96164d483123b78f71bffabda9ffa1b (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Fabricia Pimenta ([email protected]) on 2019-01-11T18:29:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Marcio_Rodrigues_etal_CDTS_2016.pdf: 690221 bytes, checksum: a96164d483123b78f71bffabda9ffa1b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-11T18:29:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ve_Marcio_Rodrigues_etal_CDTS_2016.pdf: 690221 bytes, checksum: a96164d483123b78f71bffabda9ffa1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-08Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes. Laboratório de Glicobiologia de Eucariotos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes. Laboratório de Glicobiologia de Eucariotos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Stony Brook University. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. Stony Brook, NY, USA / Veterans Administration Medical Center. Northport, NY, USA.Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine. Bronx, NY, USA.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes. Laboratório de Glicobiologia de Eucariotos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes. Laboratório de Glicobiologia de Eucariotos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes. Laboratório de Glicobiologia de Eucariotos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Classic cell wall components of fungi comprise the polysaccharides glucans and chitin, in association with glycoproteins and pigments. During the last decade, however, system biology approaches clearly demonstrated that the composition of fungal cell walls include atypical molecules historically associated with intracellular or membrane locations. Elucidation of mechanisms by which many fungal molecules are exported to the extracellular space suggested that these atypical components are transitorily located to the cell wall. The presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs) at the fungal cell wall and in culture supernatants of distinct pathogenic species suggested a highly functional mechanism of molecular export in these organisms. Thus, the passage of EVs through fungal cell walls suggests remarkable molecular diversity and, consequently, a potentially variable influence on the host antifungal response. On the basis of information derived from the proteomic characterization of fungal EVs from the yeasts Cryptoccocus neoformans and Candida albicans and the dimorphic fungi Histoplasma capsulatum and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, our manuscript is focused on the clear view that the fungal cell wall is much more complex than previously thought

ESPAÇO COLABORATIVO COMO FERRAMENTA DE GESTÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR

A proposta central deste artigo está na sistematização do espaço colaborativo como meio para o gerenciamento das atividades dos tutores presenciais, voltado para o suporte das atividades administrativas dos cursos de graduação em Administração e Administração Pública na modalidade a distância, ofertados pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa classificou-se como descritiva, aplicada, estudo de caso, documental e bibliográfica. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas com os envolvidos (tutores presenciais, coordenadores de pólo e supervisora). Observou-se que o espaço colaborativo constitui-se em um elemento facilitador das atividades de ordem administrativa, no sentido de melhoria na qualidade do feedback, bem como agilidade no tempo de resposta e, principalmente, pela facilidade de acesso as informações, tornando-as comuns a toda a equipe

Experimental Chemotherapy for Chagas Disease: A Morphological, Biochemical, and Proteomic Overview of Potential Trypanosoma cruzi Targets of Amidines Derivatives and Naphthoquinones

Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, affects approximately eight million individuals in Latin America and is emerging in nonendemic areas due to the globalisation of immigration and nonvectorial transmission routes. Although CD represents an important public health problem, resulting in high morbidity and considerable mortality rates, few investments have been allocated towards developing novel anti-T. cruzi agents. The available therapy for CD is based on two nitro derivatives (benznidazole (Bz) and nifurtimox (Nf)) developed more than four decades ago. Both are far from ideal due to substantial secondary side effects, limited efficacy against different parasite isolates, long-term therapy, and their well-known poor activity in the late chronic phase. These drawbacks justify the urgent need to identify better drugs to treat chagasic patients. Although several classes of natural and synthetic compounds have been reported to act in vitro and in vivo on T. cruzi, since the introduction of Bz and Nf, only a few drugs, such as allopurinol and a few sterol inhibitors, have moved to clinical trials. This reflects, at least in part, the absence of well-established universal protocols to screen and compare drug activity. In addition, a large number of in vitro studies have been conducted using only epimastigotes and trypomastigotes instead of evaluating compounds' activities against intracellular amastigotes, which are the reproductive forms in the vertebrate host and are thus an important determinant in the selection and identification of effective compounds for further in vivo analysis. In addition, due to pharmacokinetics and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics, several compounds that were promising in vitro have not been as effective as Nf or Bz in animal models of T. cruzi infection. In the last two decades, our team has collaborated with different medicinal chemistry groups to develop preclinical studies for CD and investigate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy, toxicity, selectivity, and parasite targets of different classes of natural and synthetic compounds. Some of these results will be briefly presented, focusing primarily on diamidines and related compounds and naphthoquinone derivatives that showed the most promising efficacy against T. cruzi

Walking training improves systemic and local pathophysiological processes in intermittent claudication

Objective: This study examined the impact of submaximal walking training (WT) on local and systemic nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Methods: The study employed a randomised, controlled, parallel group design and was performed in a single centre. Thirty-two men with IC were randomly allocated to two groups: WT (n = 16, two sessions/week, 15 cycles of two minutes walking at an intensity corresponding to the heart rate obtained at the pain threshold interspersed by two minutes of upright rest) and control (CO, n = 16, two sessions/week, 30 minutes of stretching). NO bioavailability (blood NO and muscle nitric oxide synthase [eNOS]), redox homeostasis (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], lipid peroxidation [LPO] measured in blood and muscle), and inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6], C-reactive protein [CRP], tumour necrosis factor α [TNF-α], intercellular adhesion molecules [ICAM], vascular adhesion molecules [VCAM] measured in blood and muscle) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: WT statistically significantly increased blood NO, muscle eNOS, blood SOD and CAT, and muscle SOD and abolished the increase in circulating and muscle LPO observed in the CO group. WT decreased blood CRP, ICAM, and VCAM and muscle IL-6 and CRP and eliminated the increase in blood TNF-α and muscle TNF-α, ICAM and VCAM observed in the CO group. Conclusion: WT at an intensity of pain threshold improved NO bioavailability and decreased systemic and local oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with IC. The proposed WT protocol provides physiological adaptations that may contribute to cardiovascular health in these patients

INAUGURAL ARTICLE by a Recently Elected Academy Member:Lineage-specific expansions of TET/JBP genes and a new class of DNA transposons shape fungal genomic and epigenetic landscapes

5-Methylcytosine in DNA of eukaryotes, such as humans, is an important epigenetic mark. The recently characterized TET/JBP enzymes generate oxidized derivatives of methylcytosine, such as hydroxy-, formyl-, and carboxymethylcytosine in mammals, which serve as further epigenetic marks or intermediates for demethylation. Unlike animals, which contain one to three TET genes, fungi, such as mushrooms and rusts, display lineage-specific expansions with numerous TET/JBP genes, which are often associated with a unique class of transposable elements. We present evidence that expansion and turnover of these elements and associated TET/JBP genes play important roles in genomic organization, epigenetics, and speciation of fungal lineages, especially basidiomycetes (mushrooms, rusts, and smuts). Domesticated versions of these transposons might also participate in genome rearrangements or repair in humans

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study of body composition in patients with lipodystrophy

Inst Estadual Diabet & Endocrinol, Metab Unit, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, São Paulo, BrazilDENSSO, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Endocrinol & Metab, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in superficial sediments of the Negro River in the Amazon region of Brazil

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified and quantified in samples of superficial sediments of the Negro River, in the Amazon region of Brazil, through analyses performed by GC/MS. Total PAH concentration that includes parent and alkylated PAHs ranged from 6.5 to 5348 ng g-1 of dry weight. The Σ16 PAHs prioritized in environmental studies by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) ranged from 5.6 to 1187 ng g-1. The most contaminated places were those where muddy sediments were found, with the highest concentrations of organic matter, carbon and total nitrogen. The priority PAHs with high molecular weight represented 70% of the total abundance and showed that the main source of contamination of the sediments was pyrogenic. However, petrogenic PAHs coming from oil and derivatives input is also an important contamination source to be considered. ©2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Química