Experiencias y reflexiones de una alumna de Posgrado

. This paper carries out a consideration on the Master Programmes insertion in the Social Work capacity building. This event is regarded as a milestone in the Social Work development and evolution. The Madrid Complutense University Master Programme in Social Community Work, Management and Social Services Assessment Programme main features are describe. Also highlighting the change from a teaching paradigm to a learning paradigm, as well as the time span dedicated to the Practicum, its theoretical and practical orientation to research and opportunities opened to the grow and improvement of the scientific production in Social Work. Related to that, the Social Work scientific nature is analyzed, and it pleads in favour of an epistemological and methodological position that abides to the structural nature of the social phenomena we study and take part in. It is pointed out the fact that the very Social WorK history, its basically practical nature, and its traditional interest in social research constitute the warranty and basements of the Social Work development as a science. Therefore, the paper analyzes the importance of a specific capacity building in the field of social research like the one given in the Master Programme in order to endorse rigor, reliability and validity of our studies and its transcendence in the process of gathering and generation of Social Work specific knowledge.En este trabajo se lleva a cabo una reflexión acerca de la introducción de los Posgrados Oficiales en la formación de Trabajo Social, hecho que se considera un hito histórico en la trayectoria y evolución del Trabajo Social. Se describen las principales características del Programa de Posgrado en Trabajo Social Comunitario, Gestión y Evaluación de Servicios Sociales de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, destacando, además del cambio de paradigma de enseñanza al paradigma de aprendizaje y la dedicación a horas de Practicum, su orientación teórica y práctica a la investigación, y las posibilidades que ofrece de incremento y mejora de la producción científica en Trabajo Social. En relación con esto, se analiza el carácter científico del Trabajo Social y se argumenta a favor de un posicionamiento epistemológico y metodológico que, respetando la naturaleza y la singularidad de su objeto, se atenga al carácter estructural de muchos de los fenómenos sociales que estudiamos y en los que intervenimos. Se destaca, el hecho de que la propia historia del Trabajo Social, su naturaleza eminentemente práctica y su tradición de interés por los estudios de investigación social, constituyen, por sí mismas, la garantía y el fundamento del desarrollo del Trabajo Social como ciencia. Se analiza, por tanto, la importancia de una formación específica en el ámbito de la investigación social, como la que se imparte en el Posgrado, que avale el rigor, la fiabilidad y la validez de nuestros estudios y su trascendencia en el proceso de recopilación y generación de conocimiento específico del Trabajo Social

Towards a current definition of the concept «social diagnosis». A brief bibliographical review of its evolution

Presentamos en este artículo una propuesta de definición del concepto de «diagnóstico social» que consideramos contempla y sintetiza las características más destacadas señaladas por los diferentes autores que han tratado esta cuestión, desde Mary Richmond hasta la actualidad. Para ello realizamos una revisión bibliográfica de la evolución del concepto de «diagnóstico social» y el análisis de los principales elementos señalados en la literatura acerca de su correcta delimitación y formulación.This article presents a proposal for a definition of the concept of «social diagnosis». This definition contemplates and summarizes the salient features identified by the different authors who have dealt with this issue, from Mary Richmond to the present. A bibliographical review has been done of regarding the evolution of the concept of «social diagnosis» and there is an analysis of the main elements identified in the literature about its correct delimitation and formulation

SOYDAN, H. (2004): La historia de las ideas en el Trabajo Social.

Sin resume

Generalised verification of the observer property in discrete event systems

The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event Systems (DES) models. This paper presents a generalised version of a previous algorithm which tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure called OP-verifier II overcomes the limitations of the previously proposed verifier while keeping its computational complexity. Results are illustrated by a case study of a transfer line system

Generalised verification of the observer property in discrete event systems

The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event Systems (DES) models. This paper presents a generalised version of a previous algorithm which tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure called OP-verifier II overcomes the limitations of the previously proposed verifier while keeping its computational complexity. Results are illustrated by a case study of a transfer line system

Beam hardening artifact reduction using dual energy computed tomography: implications for myocardial perfusion studies

Background: Myocardial perfusion computed tomography (CTP) using conventional single energy (SE) imaging is influenced by the presence of beam hardening artifacts (BHA), occasionally resembling perfusion defects and commonly observed at the left ventricular posterobasal wall (PB). We therefore sought to explore the ability of dual energy (DE) CTP to attenuate the presence of BHA. Methods: Consecutive patients without history of coronary artery disease who were referred for computed tomography coronary angiography due to atypical chest pain and a normal stress-rest SPECT and had absence or mild coronary atherosclerosis constituted the study population. The study group was acquired using DE and the control group using SE imaging. Results: Demographical characteristics were similar between groups, as well as the heart rate and the effective radiation dose. Myocardial signal density (SD) levels were evaluated in 280 basal segments among the DE group (140 PB segments for each energy level from 40 keV to 100 keV; and 140 reference segments), and in 40 basal segments (at the same locations) among the SE group. Among the DE group, myocardial SD levels and myocardial SD ratio evaluated at the reference segment were higher at low energy levels, with significantly lower SD levels at increasing energy levels. Myocardial signal-to-noise ratio was not significantly influenced by the energy level applied, although 70 keV was identified as the energy level with the best overall signal-to-noise ratio. Significant differences were identified between the PB segment and the reference segment among the lower energy levels, whereas at ≥ 70 keV myocardial SD levels were similar. Compared to DE reconstructions at the best energy level (70 keV), SE acquisitions showed no significant differences overall regarding myocardial SD levels among the reference segments. Conclusions: Beam hardening artifacts that influence the assessment of myocardial perfusion can be attenuated using DE at 70 keV or higher.Fil: Rodriguez Granillo, Gaston Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; Argentina. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Carrascosa, Patricia. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Cipriano, Silvia. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: De Zan, Macarena. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Deviggiano, Alejandro. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Capunay, Carlos. Diagnóstico Maipú; ArgentinaFil: Cury, Ricardo C.. Miami Cardiac and Vascular Institute and Baptist Health; Estados Unido

Verification of the observer property in discrete event systems

The observer property is an important condition to be satisfied by abstractions of Discrete Event System (DES) models. This technical note presents a new algorithm that tests if an abstraction of a DES obtained through natural projection has the observer property. The procedure, called OP-Verifier, can be applied to (potentially nondeterministic) automata, with no restriction on the existence of cycles of 'non-relevant' events. This procedure has quadratic complexity in the number of states. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated by a set of experiments

Modificação do fenótipo linfocitário e aumento da sobrevida do enxerto de pele após a terapia com FTY720 + FK506

The development of new drugs to be associated with calcineurin inhibitors and promote additional immunosuppression with fewer side effects is the goal in transplantation. FTY720 is a new synthetic compound which presents immunomodulatory properties which are not fully understood. It has been reported that the main mechanism of action of FTY720 is to reduce the peripheral lymphocyte count by redirecting these cells toward secondary lymphoid organs. Skin allograft transplantation in a fully mismatched strain combination was used to investigate the potential of FTY720 alone or in combination with a calcineurin inhibitor - FK506 - in preventing rejection. The number and phenotype of immune system cells was also evaluated. FTY720 alone or in combination with FK506 provided significant skin allograft survival. FTY720+FK506 therapy was associated with decreases of total lymphocyte numbers in spleen and blood, and increases in apoptosis levels in splenocytes. In FTY720 isolated treatment, a significant decrease in the CD4 expression and significantly lower expressions of MHC II and ICAM-1 molecules were observed in spleen lymphocytes. Despite of allograft survival being the same in both FTY720 and FTY720+FK506 treated groups, the association of drugs was associated with the absence of macroscopic skin necrosis for a longer period than the other treatments (FTY720, FK506) and histology showed less cell infiltration. Our results suggest that a decrease of effector T cells due to elevated levels of apoptosis and impairment in the appearance of antigens were events associated with FTY720+FK506 administration.O objetivo na área dos transplantes é o desenvolvimento de novas drogas que possam ser associadas a inibidores da calcineurina para evitar o processo de rejeição e causar menos efeitos colaterais. FTY720 é um novo composto sintético que apresenta propriedades imunomoduladoras não completamente elucidadas. Foi relatado que o principal mecanismo de ação do FTY720 é a redução do número de linfócitos periféricos através do redirecionamento dessas células para órgãos linfóides secundários. O alotransplante de pele entre linhagens de camundongos completamente incompatíveis quanto ao MHC foi usado para investigar o potencial de FTY720 isolado ou em combinação com um inibidor da calcineurina - FK506 - na prevenção da rejeição. Também foram avaliados o número e fenótipo das células do sistema imune. A administração de FTY720 como monoterapia ou FTY720+FK506 associou-se a uma diminuição do número total de linfócitos no baço e no sangue e aumento dos níveis de apoptose nos esplenócitos. No grupo tratado somente com FTY720, foi observada uma diminuição mais importante da expressão de CD4 e expressão significativamente menor de moléculas de MHC II e ICAM-1. Apesar de a sobrevida do aloenxerto ter sido igual para os grupos tratados com FTY720 ou FTY720 +FK506, a associação das drogas promoveu ausência de necrose macroscópica da pele por um período maior do que os outros tratamentos (FTY720, FK506) e os achados histológicos mostraram menor infiltrado celular. Nossos resultados sugerem que uma diminuição do número de células T efetoras devido a elevados níveis de apoptose e o prejuízo da apresentação de antígenos foram os eventos associados à administração de FTY720+FK506.Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Patologias de prédio escolar na cidade de Manaus/Amazonas

O objetivo do estudo é fazer uma análise técnica-formal de prédios que sediaram Grupos Escolares na cidade de Manaus no início do século XX, em razão da escassez de literatura relacionada ao campo escolar manauense e o movimento existente entre a instituição investigada (G.E. Barão do Rio Branco) com o urbanismo de Manaus, voltado especificamente para a arquitetura de prédios escolares. Trabalhou-se no contexto de uma abordagem qualitativa com documentos escritos e análise de material iconográfico (fotografias) sobre a instituição investigada, recorrendo a fontes primárias e secundárias como: Instituto Municipal de Planejamento Urbano de Manaus (IMPLURB), Associação Comercial do Amazonas (ACA), Diários Oficiais do Estado do Amazonas (DOA) e legislações pertinentes ao ensino e as construções da época, bem como em autores locais que desenvolveram pesquisas similares como Mota (2010) e Mesquita (2006), com o intuito de preservar a historicidade de prédios escolar e a memória dos monumentos históricos no Amazonas, conferindo-lhes assim, uma identidade cultural