¿Medimos torque o determinamos análisis de frecuencia de resonancia al colocar implantes dentales?: evidencia científica

Actualmente los implantes dentales son el tratamiento de elección ante situaciones de pérdidas dentarias, ya sean unitarias, parciales o totales. Un requisito fundamental que nos aporta datos de éxito es la medición de la estabilidad primaria, para ello contamos con diferentes métodos, los más usados son el torque de inserción y el análisis de frecuencia de resonancia. En este trabajo se pretende realizar una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de verificar si es posible afirmar que uno de los dos métodos es más adecuado para la evaluación de la estabilidad primaria de los implantes, y si existe correlación entre los valores registrados por los dos sistemas basándonos en la evidencia científica. Tras seleccionar 10 artículos para la discusión del presente trabajo se llega a la conclusión de que el método que nos aporta mayor fiabilidad es el análisis de frecuencia de resonancia y que no es posible establecer una correlación de forma clara entre ambos sistemas ya que existe mucha controversia.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Odontologí

The role of the MLL/AF4 fusion oncogene in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia maintenance

PhD ThesisThe chromosomal rearrangement t(4;11)(q21;q23) marks an aggressive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) subtype particularly prevalent in infants and associated with poor outcome. This cytogenetic abnormality encodes the fusion oncogene MLL/AF4, which plays a pivotal role in cell death resistance; however, the underlying molecular processes are not fully understood. Therefore, to gain further insight, RNAi-mediated ablation of MLL/AF4 in the t(4;11)-positive ALL cell line SEM was combined with global gene expression profiling and concomitant apoptosis inhibitor studies. Phenotypically, MLL/AF4 depletion impaired proliferation, cell cycle progression, clonogenicity and caused a strong apoptosis induction. Global transcriptome analysis found up-regulation of proapoptotic and anti-proliferative genes, while mitogenic signalling mediators and stemness-related markers were down-regulated. Supplementing MLL/AF4-depleted cells with the pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD suppressed apoptosis, but failed to abrogate cell death. Subsequent gene expression profiling showed induction of genes implicated in the necroptotic cell death pathway. Interestingly, addressing this using established necroptosis inhibitors did not rescue the phenotype. Finally, the cytokine ANGIOPOIETIN-1 (ANGPT1) was identified as a novel MLL/AF4-modulated gene; MLL/AF4 knock-down correlated with a substantial decrease of ANGPT1 levels. Concordantly, screening an B-precursor ALL patient cohort found ANGPT1 to be highly overexpressed in t(4;11)-positive ALL. Although no correlation with clinical prognostic factors could be established, ANGPT1 was found to contribute to the leukaemic phenotype, as RNAi-mediated ANGPT1 depletion impaired proliferation and viability in vitro and impinged on disease development in vivo. Concluding, it was found that t(4;11)-positive ALL cells display a high degree of oncogene addiction towards MLL/AF4, since depletion strongly perturbed the leukaemic phenotype, compromising survival and self-renewal. Furthermore, ANGPT1 was identified as a novel proleukaemic factor cooperating with MLL/AF4 in maintaining the disease

Environmental factors affecting retention and graduation in Mlt /Clt programs

The quality of education delivered to medical laboratory technician/clinical laboratory technician (MLT/CLT) students has been an evolving concern for the clinical laboratory sciences profession. This situation prompted consideration of various factors in MLT/CLT education to determine if student/program characteristics affected student performance; Principles extracted from Alexander Astin\u27s Input-Environment-Output (I-E-O) model were used as a foundation for considering the factors that affect MLT/CLT program student outcomes. Input, environmental, and outcome variables related to MLT/CLT programs were identified for study; A literature review was conducted to gather information relevant to the development of clinical laboratory science practice and education, curriculum development and evaluation, MLT/CLT student and program characteristics, program accreditation and graduate certification; The primary data source was a survey instrument sent to program directors of the sample MLT/CLT programs, as identified by the Health Professions Career and Education Directory 2002-2003 (American Medical Association, 2002). A fifty-five question survey was developed and distributed to the sample MLT/CLT programs. All survey requests originated from the Cannon Center for Survey Research at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. All survey responses went directly to the data center, where they were organized and tabulated. Data were received, analyzed, and used as the basis for discussion; Factors influencing student success included program size, English-speaking ability, enrollment status, course sequence, faculty-student ratio, clinical preceptor quality, and portfolio submission. Students in smaller programs were more likely to stay enrolled, pass the certification examination, and gain employment. Non-native English-speaking students were more likely to voluntarily withdraw from the professional program than their English-speaking counterparts. Full-time students enrolled in a structured sequence of professional courses were more likely to complete the program and pass the national certification examination. Students were also more likely to remain enrolled when full-time faculty-student ratios were low. Clinical preceptor academic level also contributed to retention. Attrition increased when portfolio submission was required as a component of performance assessment

The road to gender mainstreaming, empowerment and responsibility in gender equality policy

Existen tres líneas estratégicas de actuación en el diseño y planificación de estas políticas por parte de la Administración General del Estado en España y la Comisión Europea, que son la transversalidad de género en las políticas públicas, la exigencia de tomar medidas que conduzcan al empoderamiento femenino y la corresponsabilidad como evolución del principio de conciliación. En este trabajo se ha tratado de conceptualizar detalladamente cada una de ellas para, en un segundo momento, describir cuál ha sido su evolución y desarrollo en la planificación política de los ejecutivos, como institución encargada de promover la igualdad de oportunidades entre mujeres y hombres y que representa, por tanto, un papel básico dentro de las políticas públicas de igualdad como actor clave en la elaboración, planificación y ejecución de las políticas de igualdadThere are three strategic lines of action in the design and planning of these policies by the Central Government in Spain and the European Commission, which are gender mainstreaming in public policies, the need for action leading to female empowerment and responsibility as an evolution of the principle of reconciliation. In this paper, we have tried to conceptualize in detail each of them to, in a second time, describe what has been its evolution and development in policy planning of the executives, as an institution responsible for promoting equal opportunities between women and men, and it represents therefore, a basic role in public policy of equality as a key player in the development, planning and implementation of equality policie

Tautomeric Equilibria Studies by Mass Spectrometry

Tautomerism in organic chemistry has been extensively studied in condensed phase by spectrometric methods, mainly by IR and NMR techniques. Mass spectrometry studies start 40 years ago but just recently it has been recognized the importance of the mass spectral data for the study of tautomerism in the gas phase.
Mass spectrometry can provide valuable information in regard to tautomeric equilibria when studying mass spectra among the members of different families of organic compounds.
The relevance of the mass spectral data resides on several facts but there are two that are of key importance:
1-	Mass spectral fragmentation assignments should be tautomer specific since the corresponding abundances ratios are supposed to be correlated to the keto/enol contents.
2-	Ionization in the ion source is supposed to have no effect on the position of the equilibrium so that the results reflect the tautomers content in the gas phase previous to ionization.
Some of the carbonylic compounds do not exhibit noticeable tautomerism so the fragment abundances assigned to the enol form is very low or not measurable. Since enolization is more noticeable in the case of thio-derivatives (which correlates adequately with the oxygenated analogues), the study of their mass spectra is an interesting choice to reach some degree of generalization. 
In addition, experimental findings are supported by semiempirical theoretical calculations, which probed to be adequate not only for supporting tendency correlations among the members of a compound family but also to calculate heats of tautomerization in gas phase.
Reports using mass spectrometry for tautomerism are becoming less common. One of the reasons is that now it would appear that the interpretation of MS results is not as straightforward as it was once believed, even though in a recent review it was written that: “Mass spectrometry is the most informative and practical method for studying and identifying tautomers in the gas phase” [1]. 
In fact, mass spectrometry seems to be very informative for studying and identifying tautomers, because in this case external factors like solvents, intermolecular interactions, etc., can be excluded by transferring the tautomeric system into gas phase, where the process becomes truly unimolecular [1].
This review covers the study of Tautomerism by Mass Spectrometry in the last four decades. 
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COSTO DE PRODUCCIÓN EN LA CRIANZA, DESARROLLO Y ENGORDE DEL CONEJO EN LAS EMPRESAS: FUNDACIÓN MARÍA CAVALLERI, FINCA LA GRANJA Y UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL TRÓPICO SECO (UCATSE) DE LOS DEPARTAMENTOS DE MATAGALPA Y ESTELÍ DURANTE EL I SEMESTRE DEL AÑO 2009

Los costos de producción de conejos en las empresas cunícula de los departamentos de Matagalpa y Estelí, surgen con el propósito de analizar la información de los costos necesarios para producir, haciendo uso de los registros adecuados y procedimientos contables necesarios para poder controlar, comparar y tomar decisiones en el momento oportuno. La producción de conejo es una actividad rentable que presenta grandes ventajas si se compara con otras, por tener un corto ciclo de reproducción y adaptación al medio, no requiere de tecnología avanzada y poco uso de mano de obra, cuyo ciclo de desarrollo de producción está dividido en tres fases: crianza, desarrollo y engorde. La crianza incluye el nacimiento, período de amamantamiento, cuidado de la cría por la madre; el desarrollo es cuando el animal pasa a una etapa de crecimiento, hasta que se realiza la selección del conejo para el engorde, o reproductores; éste es el último proceso donde el animal es alimentado para que adquiera el peso adecuado. Los costos de producción son los que se generan en el proceso de transformar los suministros en producto terminado, cargados directa o indirectamente a la producción, para lo que a veces es necesario adquirir obligaciones tales como: préstamos bancarios y deudas a proveedores, cuando no se cuenta con el capital necesario para realizar las operaciones. En las empresas visitadas los principales costos en la producción de conejos son: alimentación, mano de obra, asistencia técnica, servicio de agua y material de ase

La ansiedad Matemática y su red de influencias en la elección de carrera Universitaria

En este trabajo se realiza una reflexión sobre la red de influencias de la ansiedad matemática en el proceso de toma de decisiones relacionadas con la elección de titulación universitaria. Para ello construimos un modelo que recoge las relaciones existentes entre este constructo y diversos factores como son el género, la autoconfianza, la utilidad o el rendimiento. Los resultados muestran, entre otras cosas, que aquellos alumnos con mayor ansiedad tienden a rendir menos en matemáticas lo que condiciona la elección de la carrera universitaria

Storytelling in the classroom: an integrated, educational proposal to revitalise galician, improve the communicative skills of the teaching staff and revalorize the tradition of storytelling

Este trabajo versa sobre una experiencia práctica que fue llevada a cabo en el curso 2016/2017 en el Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de A Coruña, en dos asignaturas: “Lingua galega e a súa didáctica” y “Lingua castelá e a súa didáctica”, ambas del primer curso. En dicha propuesta, el alumnado compiló textos de tradición oral a través de varias entrevistas realizadas a personas de la tercera edad, en su mayoría usuarias de centros de día. Posteriormente, esas piezas fueron clasificadas en el aula y adaptadas por los estudiantes para ser narradas por ellos mismos al público infantil de Educación Primaria de varios centros educativos. Los objetivos fundamentales de nuestra propuesta han sido varios: por un lado hemos querido contribuir, a través del Tratamiento Integrado de Lenguas, a paliar las principales dificultades de la expresión oral de los dos idiomas que son objeto de estudio en las materias citadas, si bien se han priorizado las del gallego, lengua minorizada. Pero también hemos incidido en la revalorización de la literatura de tradición oral, insuficientemente tratada -bajo nuestro punto de vista- tanto en los currículos educativos de Educación Primaria como en la enseñanza universitaria. Para ello, y a través de la metodología del aprendizaje servicio (ApS) hemos favorecido la proximidad y el acercamiento entre los jóvenes y las personas mayores, normalmente relegadas de la esfera social y educativa y las hemos hecho protagonistas de nuestro proyectoThis paper examines a hands-on experience carried out during the 2016-2017 academic year in the context of two subjects – ‘Galician Language and its Didactics’ and ‘Spanish Language and its Didactics’ – belonging to the Degree in Primary Education (University of A Coruña). In the course of this project, students were asked to compile texts stemming from oral traditions by means of interviews with elderly people who are users of day-centres. Later on, these pieces were classified in the classroom by the students and adapted in order to make them cater to primary school children. The aims of this project are manifold: on the one hand, it has sought to contribute, through an integrated treatment of languages, to alleviating problems affecting communication skills in the two languages under scrutiny – even though the Galician language has been prioritized, due to its status as a minority language; on the other hand, the research team has also emphasised the need to revalorise forms of storytelling which, in our opinion, are often insufficiently addressed both in Primary Education curricula and in university syllabi. Deploying the so-called ‘Service-Learning methodology’, the study has also promoted intergenerational dialogue, turning elderly people, who are more often than not relegated from the social and educational sphere, into an important pillar of this project