433 research outputs found
Emotional and functional conceptualisations for beer, wine and non-alcoholic beer consumption in the Netherlands and in Portugal
Wheezing in infants: frequency, clinical characteristics and treatment
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency and describe the clinical characteristics and respective treatments of previous history of wheezing. METHODS: Infants aged 6-23 months with upper respiratory tract complaints and reporting previous wheezing were followed-up retrospectively. Data were registered on a validated standardized form. RESULTS: Out of 451 infants, 164 (36.4%; 95%CI: 31.9-41.0) had a report of prior history of wheezing, 148 (32.8%; 95%CI: 28.5-37.4) during the first year of life. The mean age at the first episode of wheezing was 5.3±3.9 months. Among those who had had their first episode before 12 months of age, 38.5% reported 3 to 6 episodes and 14.2% > 6 episodes. Mean age at first episode was lower for those with > 3 episodes in comparison with those with seis episódios. A média da idade no primeiro episódio foi menor para os que apresentaram > três episódios em comparação aos que apresentaram até dois episódios (3,2±2,7 versus 5,7±2,5 meses, p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Um terço dos lactentes apresentou chiado no primeiro ano de vida. Quanto mais cedo ocorre o primeiro episódio, mais frequente é a recorrência do chiado.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal da Bahia Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PediatriaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Saúde Pública Departamento de EpidemiologiaEscola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde PúblicaUFBAUFBA Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia Departamento de Anatomia Patológica e Medicina LegalUFBA Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PediatriaSciEL
Poor youths and ‘pacification’:dilemmas between discourse and practice from the perspective of young people about policing in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas
Adding Value to Bycatch Fish Species Captured in the Portuguese Coast—Development of New Food Products
We live in a world of limited biological resources and ecosystems, which are essential to feed
people. Consequently, diversifying target species and considering full exploitation are essential for
fishery sustainability. The present study focuses on the valorization of three low commercial value fish
species (blue jack mackerel, Trachurus picturatus; black seabream, Spondyliosoma cantharus; and piper
gurnard, Trigla lyra) and of two unexploited species (comber, Serranus cabrilla and boarfish, Capros
aper) through the development of marine-based food products with added value. A preliminary
inquiry with 155 consumers from Região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo (Center of Portugal) was conducted
to assess fish consumption, the applicability of fish product innovation, and the importance of
valorizing discarded fish. Five products (black seabream ceviche, smoked blue jack mackerel pâté,
dehydrated piper gurnard, fried boarfish, and comber pastries) were developed and investigated
for their sensory characteristics and consumer liking by hedonic tests to 90 consumers. The most
important descriptors were identified for each product (texture, flavor, color, and appearance).
Comber pastries had the highest purchase intention (88%), followed by black seabream ceviche (85%)
and blue jack mackerel pâté (76%). Sensory evaluations showed a clear tendency of consumers
to accept reformulated products, with the introduction of the low-value and unexploited species
under study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Estado e agricultores familiares: uma análise interpretativa sobre o desenvolvimento rural no Sul de Minas Gerais.
Este trabalho procurou identificar como os atores sociais vinculados à agricultura familiar (lideranças de produtores familiares, profissionais de ciências agrárias, autoridades municipais, pesquisadores e professores universitários) interpretam o papel do Estado para o desenvolvimento dessa categoria na região sul de Minas Gerais. Com relação à coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica "focused interview". Os entrevistados foram seledonados pelo método não-probabilístico de amostragem por julgamento. Os resultados revelaram que a interpretação feita pelos entrevistados aproxima-se mais da perspectiva do Estado patrimonialistaburocrático autoritário, tendo em vista que os depoimentos dos entrevistados corroboram com a reprodução das relações de dependência dos agricultores familiares em relação ao Estado. Por outro lado, alguns atores reconhecem a necessidade de mecanismos que incentivem a participação social, no entanto, salientaram que a mobilização dos produtores familiares na região ainda é incipiente e desarticulada
Preschool literacy and reading performance in primary school
A literacia pré-escolar tem recebido uma crescente atenção. Neste estudo, participaram 70 crianças que iniciaram
o 1.º ano de escolaridade no ano letivo 2009/10 e que, na educação pré-escolar, frequentaram três instituições com abordagens
diferenciadas de leitura e de escrita. O estudo inclui quatro medidas repetidas no tempo nas áreas da fonologia, reconhecimento
de letras, palavras e velocidade de leitura. Os resultados sugerem que a abordagem específica à leitura na educação pré-escolar
condiciona o desempenho da leitura na instrução primária. Contudo, essa influência parece ser atenuada com o tempo. Por outro
lado, verificou-se que sujeitos que receberam instrução direta de leitura em idade pré-escolar (mas não treino fonológico) obtêm
resultados significativamente superiores em tarefas fonológicas aos de sujeitos que receberam treino fonológico prolongado
(mas não de leitura).The debate regarding kindergarten literacy has received increasing attention and social visibility. In this study, participants are 70 children who attended first grade in 2009/2010. Participants attended three kindergartens with unique approaches to reading. A four wave repeated measure design was conducted to investigate the growth of the children in phonological awareness, letter recognition, word recognition, and reading speed. Results suggest that the approach towards reading and writing in kindergarten affects children's performance in grades 1 and 2 of elementary school. This influence, however, seems to fade over time. Moreover, results show that children who received formal reading instruction in kindergarten, perform significantly better in phonological tasks than children who received direct and extended phonological instruction.(undefined)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Vigorexia e níveis de dependência de exercício em frequentadores de academias e fisiculturistas
As vantagens logísticas e tributárias obtidas com a implantação do RECOF na indústria automobilística
Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli
Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts. Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins. Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets
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