Organic livestock farming systems in the Massif Central: evolution (2008-2011) and analysis of the technical and economic performances and drivers

The “Organic Farming Massif Central” hub and fifteen partners lead a program on sustainability and on the technical and economic operation of OF livestock systems in the Massif Central. This systemic and multi-year study (2008-2011) is based on data from a constant sample over four years, from 56 farms comprising four types of products: cattle and sheep, dairy and meat. Over 4 years, the technical and economic results are quite stable, and at a good level, but with great variability inter-farms. With lower labor productivity, but with a more diversified crop rotation, a good food self-sufficiency and good technical skills, the farms with the highest income get an income more than four times higher than the farms with the lowest income

Statement from the Early Career Member Committee (ECMC) Chair and Co-chair and introduction of the new ECMC members.

Statement from the Chair and Co-chair of the ERS Early Career Member Committee (ECMC) and introduction to the new members of this committee https://bit.ly/3ltuWX9

Interplay between magnetisation dynamics and structure in MnCoGe thin films

International audienceAbstract We investigated the relation between magnetisation dynamics and microstructure in magnetocaloric MnCoGe thin films grown on two different substrates (Si or Ge). All the films show a hexagonal structure at room temperature, being polycrystalline when grown on Si substrates or displaying highly textured columnar grains with same orientation when grown on Ge substrates. Their static and dynamic magnetic properties present anomalies at lower temperature, with pronounced or singular features observed only for the highly textured samples : a significant modification of the magnetisation dynamics, as a large decoherence of the uniform resonance mode measured by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) is found between 200 K and 10 K, when the magnetic field is applied normal to the surface, pointing to a spin order transition or a distorted structure with a canted spin arrangement. Below a freezing temperature, typical features of spin-glass like non-equilibrium dynamics are noted in the magnetic relaxation and memory effects suggesting magnetic frustration and disorder. In addition, the in-plane angular dependence of the resonance field displays a partial transition from the hexagonal phase below 200 K that can be attributed to the distortion of the hexagonal lattice with a canted spin arrangement observed in doped samples. The FMR linewidth increases strongly in this temperature range indicating a high magnetic damping, which is equally observed for the samples grown on Si below 40 K

Development and application of an antibody-ELISA to follow up a Trypanosoma evansi outbreak in a dromedary camel herd in France

An outbreak of trypanosomosis was observed for the first time in metropolitan France in October 2006, when five camels were proved to be infected by Trypanosoma evansi using parasitological methods. The parasite was isolated and used to produce a soluble antigen for antibody-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a protocol derived from a method previously developed for sheep and humans but using protein A conjugate. The animals were treated on three instances, alternatively with melarsomine hydrochloride and quinapyramine and followed up on a monthly basis for 2 years with various diagnostic techniques including parasitological, serological and DNA-based methods. Initially, five animals were detected as being positive using ELISA with 83.3% concordance to parasitological tests. Immediately after the first treatment, parasites and DNA disappeared in all animals; antibody levels decreased regularly until ELISA became negative 3-4 months later. Ten months after the first treatment, parasites and antibodies were detected again in one of the camels previously found to be infected. A retrospective study indicated that the weight of this animal had been underestimated; consequently, it had received underdosages of both trypanocides. However, since hypotheses of re-infection or relapse could not be fully substantiated, it is not known whether the ELISA results for this animal were true- or false-negative over a 7-month period. The study confirmed the value of this ELISA using protein A conjugate to detect antibodies directed against T. evansi in camels and the need to use several diagnostic techniques to optimize detection of infected animals. A warning is raised on surra, a potentially emerging disease in Europe

Principaux messages de la deuxième Biennale BPCO 2023 de la SPLF. Le patient au cœur du parcours de soins

International audienc

Trajectories of respiratory recovery after severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (RE2COVERI): a pragmatic, longitudinal cohort study.

International audienceBackground: Severe COVID-19 survivors may exhibit functional impairment, radiological sequelae and persistent symptoms at short to mid-term follow-up.Aims: To determine the trajectories of respiratory recovery after severe COVID-19, and factors that could influence it.Methods: Prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study of adult patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 (LOS ≥ 7d, oxygen flow ≥ 3L), evaluated at 3 months from hospital discharge with conditional follow-up at 6 and 12 months.Results: 486 participants from 13 French hospitals were included (median age 61y; female sex 27%): 173 needed oxygen only, 96 required non invasive ventilatory support and 217 were intubated. 454 (93%) patients were evaluated at 3 months, whereas 294 (60%) and 163 (34%) were followed up at 6 and 12 months, respectively. At 3-months assessment, a restrictive lung defect, an altered diffusion capacity and significant radiological abnormalities were observed in 33%, 71% and 57% of the cases, respectively. In case of extended follow-up, FVC (% pred.) increased by 4 points at M6 and by 7 points at M12, in mean; DLCO (% pred.) by 5 and 7 points, respectively. Age, sex, obesity, immunodepression, chronic cardiac or respiratory disease, initial extension of pneumonia and mechanical ventilation over 14 days were associated with lung function at 3 months but not with respiratory trajectories from this time point.Conclusion: A systematic follow-up seems justified after a severe COVID-19, especially in patients with extensive radiological lesions during acute illness. Pulmonary function and residual radiological abnormalities may improve up to 1-year after hospital discharge