Studies on Strength Characteristics of Pond Ash Replaced Fibre Reinforced Pavement Quality Concrete

Energy consumption and generation is increasing day by day due to rapid industrialization & urbanization. A major portion of the energy is generated by Thermal Power Plants. Pond ash (PA) and other by-products from these plants are disposed in large quantities. Pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Hence there is scope for using Pond ash as Fine Aggregate (FA). Use of alternative material in concrete such as industrial by-products like Coal Ash (Fly Ash and Pond Ash) is eco-friendly. This study reports the results of experimental studies carried out on the use of Pond ash as Fine Aggregate (FA) in concrete with and without fibre reinforcement. The properties of Pond Ash were compared to the standard sand. The pond ash added by weight is 10%,20%,30%,40%,50% and 60% respectively as replacement of FA in concrete and 2% low tensile steel fibre was used for reinforcement. Experiments carried out indicate that Pond ash as partial replacement of sand has beneficial effect on the mechanical properties. The strength properties are determined for various percentages (10-60%) of replacement of Fine Aggregate with Pond ash with and without fibre reinforcement. The test results indicate that the optimum PA replacement is 20% for both the cases

An Assessment of Accessibility and Connectivity of Some Important Places in Kolhapur City of Maharashtra: A Road Network Analysis

There are various methods to find out the accessibility and connectivity of road networks. The method that used to determine the accessibility and connectivity is quantitative or qualitative; sometime it includes both quantitative and qualitative aspects of transportation network. The degree to which any place is served by transportation network (on which it stands) defines the accessibility of that place. And the connectivity is the ratio between total number of arcs and total number of nodes in transportation network. The connectivity is directly proportional to the total number of arcs and inversely proportional to the total number of nodes. If the degree of connectivity within a transportation network is higher; then it means that transportation system will be more efficient. Therefore, the present paper attempts to access the accessibility and connectivity of road networks in Kolhapur city. The accessibility of study area is determined by the shortest path matrix. The connectivity is determined by the beta (?) index given by K.J. Kansky. After analyzing the accessibility and connectivity of study area, easily accessible and shortest paths are also suggested in order to reach the important centers very easily

Immunotoxicity of Ochratoxin and Citrinin in New Zealand White rabbits

In the present study, the effects of ochratoxin A (OTA), citrinin (CIT) and their combination on the immunological parameters were studied in 6-8 weeks old New Zealand White rabbits at 60 d post-intoxication. Thirty two rabbits were divided into four groups of eight. OTA, CIT and a combination of the two were given at 0.75 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and 0.75 plus 15 mg/kg, in feed respectively for up to 60 d of the trial. Other fourth group was used as a control, being fed standard toxin free feed. The toxin treated animals showed a signifi cant decline in antibody titres to sheep red blood cells. The reduction in the cell mediated immune response was more signifi cant in the OTA and combination groups as observed in the skin hypersensitivity test and the lymphocyte proliferation assay. The citrinin-treated rabbits failed to show any signifi cant changes following the lymphocyte transformation assay and the delayed type hypersensitivity test. Histologically, the cellular (mononuclear cells) reaction in the skin in the treated groups was comparatively lesser than that of the control group. Thus, the present study in rabbits indicated signifi cantly lower humoral and cellular immune responses in the OTA and combination groupsThe authors would like to acknowledge the help extended by the Director of the IVRI and the Head of the Division of Pathology in the execution of this research. This study was financially supported in part by the NATP-CGP (ICAR) Project No. II/221.Kumar, M.; Dwivedi, P.; Sharma, A.; Telang, A.; Patil, R.; Singh, N. (2010). Immunotoxicity of Ochratoxin and Citrinin in New Zealand White rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 16(1). http://hdl.handle.net/10251/851416

Biochemically Induced Variations During Some Phenological Stages in Thompson Seedless Grapevines Grafted on Different Rootstocks

Phenological variation in Thompson Seedless grapevines grafted on different rootstocks and own rootedvines was assessed for two consecutive years and the reasons for such variations were studied throughbiochemical analysis. Uniform and early bud sprouting was recorded in the vines grafted on 110Rrootstock and on own roots, which was attributed to increased peroxidase activity and protein content inthe buds before bud burst. Increased fruitfulness on 110R rootstock and own rooted vines was attributedto the increased phosphorus and protein content of those vines and reduced vegetative vigour measuredin terms of shoot length, cane diameter and pruned biomass. Thompson Seedless grafted on Dogridgerootstock recorded the highest nitrogen content, increased shoot length, cane diameter and increasedpruned biomass attributing to reduced fruitfulness. The highest concentration of phenolic compoundsand amino acids was recorded in the fruits produced on 110R rootstock, while it was least on St. Georgeand own roots. Significant variation in the accumulation pattern of amino acids (especially proline andarginine) was observed, with the least proline/arginine ratio recorded on 110R rootstocks at the time ofharvest, indicating the variation in the days taken for fruit ripening on different rootstocks

Gravitational Collapse in Higher Dimensional Husain Space-Time

We investigate exact solution in higher dimensional Husain model for a null fluid source with pressure $p$ and density $\rho$ are related by the following relations (i) $p=k\rho$, (ii) $p=k\rho-\frac{B(v)}{\rho^{\alpha}}$ (variable modified Chaplygin) and (iii) $p=k\rho^{\alpha}$ (polytropic). We have studied the nature of singularity in gravitational collapse for the above equations of state and also for different choices of the of the parameters $k$ and $B$ namely, (i) $k=0$, $B=$ constant (generalized Chaplygin), (ii) $B=$ constant (modified Chaplygin). It is found that the nature of singularity is independent of these choices of different equation of state except for variable Chaplygin model. Choices of various parameters are shown in tabular form. Finally, matching of Szekeres model with exterior Husain space-time is done.Comment: 12 latex pages, No figure, RevTex styl

Naked Singularity Formation In f(R) Gravity

We study the gravitational collapse of a star with barotropic equation of state $p=w\rho$ in the context of $f({\mathcal R})$ theories of gravity. Utilizing the metric formalism, we rewrite the field equations as those of Brans-Dicke theory with vanishing coupling parameter. By choosing the functionality of Ricci scalar as $f({\mathcal R})=\alpha{\mathcal R}^{m}$, we show that for an appropriate initial value of the energy density, if $\alpha$ and $m$ satisfy certain conditions, the resulting singularity would be naked, violating the cosmic censorship conjecture. These conditions are the ratio of the mass function to the area radius of the collapsing ball, negativity of the effective pressure, and the time behavior of the Kretschmann scalar. Also, as long as parameter $\alpha$ obeys certain conditions, the satisfaction of the weak energy condition is guaranteed by the collapsing configuration.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, to appear in GR

Linear polarization structures in LOFAR observations of the interstellar medium in the 3C 196 field

This study aims to characterize linear polarization structures in LOFAR observations of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the 3C196 field, one of the primary fields of the LOFAR-Epoch of Reionization key science project. We have used the high band antennas (HBA) of LOFAR to image this region and Rotation Measure (RM) synthesis to unravel the distribution of polarized structures in Faraday depth. The brightness temperature of the detected Galactic emission is 5−15 K in polarized intensity and covers the range from -3 to +8 rad m−2 in Faraday depth. The most interesting morphological feature is a strikingly straight filament at a Faraday depth of +0.5 rad m−2 running from north to south, right through the centre of the field and parallel to the Galactic plane. There is also an interesting system of linear depolarization canals conspicuous in an image showing the peaks of Faraday spectra. We used the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) at 350 MHz to image the same region. For the first time, we see some common morphology in the RM cubes made at 150 and 350~{; ; \rm MHz}; ; . There is no indication of diffuse emission in total intensity in the interferometric data, in line with results at higher frequencies and previous LOFAR observations. Based on our results, we determined physical parameters of the ISM and proposed a simple model that may explain the observed distribution of the intervening magneto- ionic medium. The mean line-of-sight magnetic field component, B∥, is determined to be 0.3±0.1 μG and its spatial variation across the 3C196 field is 0.1 μG. The filamentary structure is probably an ionized filament in the ISM, located somewhere within the Local Bubble. This filamentary structure shows an excess in thermal electron density (neB∥>6.2 cm−3μG) compared to its surroundings

High-throughput ultrastructure screening using electron microscopy and fluorescent barcoding.

Genetic screens using high-throughput fluorescent microscopes have generated large datasets, contributing many cell biological insights. Such approaches cannot tackle questions requiring knowledge of ultrastructure below the resolution limit of fluorescent microscopy. Electron microscopy (EM) reveals detailed cellular ultrastructure but requires time-consuming sample preparation, limiting throughput. Here we describe a robust method for screening by high-throughput EM. Our approach uses combinations of fluorophores as barcodes to uniquely mark each cell type in mixed populations and correlative light and EM (CLEM) to read the barcode of each cell before it is imaged by EM. Coupled with an easy-to-use software workflow for correlation, segmentation, and computer image analysis, our method, called "MultiCLEM," allows us to extract and analyze multiple cell populations from each EM sample preparation. We demonstrate several uses for MultiCLEM with 15 different yeast variants. The methodology is not restricted to yeast, can be scaled to higher throughput, and can be used in multiple ways to enable EM to become a powerful screening technique.This work was financially supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1129 Z2 to J.A.G. Briggs), EMBL (to J.A.G. Briggs), the Medical Research Council (MC_UP_1201/16 to J.A.G. Briggs), and the German Ministry of Education and Research (031A605 to K.R. Patil). The Schuldiner laboratory is supported by the European Research Council CoG 646604 Peroxisystem, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant SFB1190 and a Deutsch-Israelische Projektkooperation [DIP] collaborative grant). N. Gabrielli was supported by the EMBL interdisciplinary postdoctoral program. M. Schuldiner is an incumbent of the Dr. Gilbert Omenn and Martha Darling Professorial Chair in Molecular Genetics