What Is the State of Women's Health Work in Canada?

Canada needs to be more of an active and democratic state that pursues gender and other kinds of equity. It should serve as a model employer by providing good pay, benefits, conditions, and security. More generally, the government needs to promote good health and celebrate the work that is done in public facilities and private households.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c

Contraction of the geographic range of distribution of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the eastern Bering Sea: An environmental ratchet?

Over the last three decades the geographic range of distribution of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) from the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) has contracted dramatically to the north. An increase in near-bottom temperature (NBT) during 1975–1979 was accompanied by a northward contraction of the cold pool (bound by the 2°C NBT isotherm) that extends over the Middle Domain during the summer. Warming was tracked with a 6-year lag by a contraction to the north of the mature female's range. Snow crab settle and grow to maturity in the Middle Domain. Successful recruitment during cold regimes may result from the occurrence of spring blooms and the stenothermy of early benthic instars. However, recruitment to the mature female population did not expand back to the southern shelf after the mid-1990s, despite some years when NBT was low. Cross-correlation of year-to-year shifts in geographic distribution of cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and immature snow crab during the 1990s suggests that the northward expansions of cod controlled the southern boundary of snow crab’s distribution range. Reestablishment of crab populations in the south may be hindered by cod predation. Also, because spawning females are now located “up-current,” advection of larvae to the south is unlikely. Contraction to the north may not be followed by an expansion back to the south after a change in regime. We refer to this suggested asymmetry as the environmental ratchet hypothesis and discuss it in the context of other conceptual models of the EBS ecosystem.Fil: Orensanz, Jose Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ernest, Billy. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Armstrong, David A.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Stabeno, Phyllis. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Livingston, Pat. National Ocean And Atmospheric Administration. Alaska Fisheries Science Center; Estados Unido

Shorter juvenile telomere length is associated with higher survival to spawning in migratory Atlantic salmon

The risk of mortality associated with a long-distance migration will depend on an animal's physiological state, as well as the prevailing ecological conditions. Here we assess whether juvenile telomere length, which in endotherms has been shown to be a biomarker of physiological state and expected lifespan, predicts whether wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar successfully complete their marine migration. Over 1800 juvenile fish were trapped, measured, PIT-tagged and a tissue biopsy taken when migrating as juveniles down-river towards the sea. Survivors of the marine phase of the life cycle were then re-trapped and re-sampled when returning to the river to spawn as sexually mature adults, 1.5-2.5 years later. Most individuals experienced a reduction in telomere length during the marine migratory phase of their life cycle. While the relative rate of telomere loss was greater in males than females, telomere loss was unrelated to growth at sea. Contrary to expectations, salmon that had the shortest telomeres at the time of the outward migration had the greatest probability of surviving through to the return migration. This effect, independent of body size, may indicate a trade-off between investment in readiness for marine life (which favours high glucocorticoid levels, known to increase telomere attrition in other vertebrate species) and investment in telomere maintenance. Survival was also significantly influenced by the seasonal timing of outward migration, with the fish migrating downstream earliest in the spring having the highest probability of return. This study reveals that telomere length is associated with survival, although in ways that contrast with patterns seen in endotherms. This illustrates that while telomeres may be universally important for chromosome protection, the potential for telomere dynamics to predict performance may vary across taxa

Promising Practices in Long Term Care: Can Work Organisation Treat Both Residents and Providers with Dignity and Respect?

Rather than expose and indict shortcomings of the existing system, the author was recently involved in a study that sought to build a vision of what high quality residential care for the elderly could look like. Preliminary findings suggest that care is best fostered in contexts where care is understood as a relationship and where both residents and care workers are treated with dignity and respect. Drawing on qualitative data collected in six countries (Canada, US, UK, Sweden, Germany and Norway), this paper will explore forms of work organisation that fostered care relationships between staff and residents, and inspired quality care. The paper also argues that the conditions of work are the conditions of care and suggests promising practices to support both

Links between parental life histories of wild salmon and the telomere lengths of their offspring

The importance of parental contributions to offspring development and subsequent performance is self-evident at a genomic level; however, parents can also affect offspring fitness by indirect genetic and environmental routes. The life history strategy that an individual adopts will be influenced by both genes and environment; and this may have important consequences for offspring. Recent research has linked telomere dynamics (i.e. telomere length and loss) in early life to future viability and longevity. Moreover, a number of studies have reported a heritable component to telomere length across a range of vertebrates, though the effects of other parental contribution pathways have been far less studied. By using wild Atlantic salmon with different parental life histories in an experimental split-brood IVF mating design and rearing the resulting families under standardised conditions, we show that there can be significant links between parental life history and offspring telomere length (studied at the embryo and fry stage). Maternal life history traits, in particular egg size, were most strongly related to offspring telomere length at the embryonic stage, but then became weaker through development. In contrast, paternal life history traits, such as the father's growth rate in early life, had a greater association in the later stages of offspring development. However, offspring telomere length was not significantly related to either maternal or paternal age at reproduction, nor to paternal sperm telomere length. This study demonstrates both the complexity and the importance of parental factors that can influence telomere length in early life

Telomere elongation during early development is independent of environmental temperatures in Atlantic salmon

There is increasing evidence from endothermic vertebrates that telomeres, which cap the ends of chromosomes and play an important role in chromosome protection, decline in length during postnatal life and are a useful indicator of physiological state and expected lifespan. However, much less is currently known about telomere dynamics in ectothermic vertebrates, which are likely to differ from that of endotherms, at least in part due to the sensitivity of ectotherm physiology to environmental temperature. We report here on an experiment in which Atlantic salmon were reared through the embryonic and larval stages of development, and under differing temperatures, in order to examine the effects of environmental temperature during early life on telomere dynamics, oxidative DNA damage and cellular proliferation. Telomere length significantly increased between the embryonic and larval stages of development. Contrary to our expectations, variation in telomere length at the end of the larval stage was unrelated to either cell proliferation rate or the relative level of oxidative DNA damage, and did not vary between the temperature treatments. This study suggests that salmon are able to restore the length of their telomeres during early development, which may possibly help to buffer potentially harmful environmental effects experienced in early life

The Iowa Homemaker vol.39, no.2

It’s Your Wedding, “Simply” Beautiful, Barbara Culver Van Sittert, page 3 Talk Shop With the Printer, Carol Armstrong, page 4 Hearts and Flowers, Donna Read and Gail Devens, page 5 How Much for How Little?, Mary Jean Stoddard, page 6 Today’s Bride Is “Headed” for Happiness, Pat Rigler, page 7 “You Can’t Bring It With You!”, Martha Keeney, page 8 What About This Money Matter?, Jane Furman, page 9 And Now He’s A Groom, Marlys Hedelund, page 10 What’s Going On, page 1

Prospectus, February 4, 1981

12 RUNNING FOR POSITIONS IN STU GO.; Severns speaks to Community News Class; Sign up for student insurance; $1.50 a gallon? Ouch!: Instructiors discuss oil de-regulation; Everything you always wanted to know about participating in class!; Did you know that?; The Ice Capades \u27celebrates\u27 at the Hall Feb. 10-15; Muddy Waters: Is he the father of Rock n\u27 Roll?; Media 1000$ catches Parkland\u27s eyes!; Ramblin\u27...; Classifieds; Homer has big celebration for their hero: Paul Lewis; 11 Amendments to Stugo Constitution; 250 enrolled in Learning Lab.; It\u27s Susan B. Anthony\u27s b-day!; 42 donated at the Blood Drive; Images getting ready to hit the presses.; Women\u27s team boosts record to 19-1; Cobras beat arch-rival Lake Land; Dunson slam takes game into overtime: Cobras upset No. 1 Kankakee in double OT; Women beat Cavaliers; Softball practice begins Feb. 9; Geoff Ray wins FF competition; Fast Freddy Contest; Collins, the perfect leaderhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1981/1028/thumbnail.jp