Del desempleo como riesgo al desempleo como trampa: ¿Qué distribución de las responsabilidades plantea el paradigma de la activación propuesto por las instituciones europeas?

The purpose of this contribution is to discuss the social and ethical principles underlying the new model of social intervention proposed by these bodies. To promote and place in circulation concepts that will fuel public debate is an approach to the achievement of supranational regulation increasingly favoured by the European institutions. Here, in relation to the specific case of activation, we will discuss both the differing ways in which the model is utilised and the effects entailed by its implementation, as well as how it affects the adjudication of responsibilities between the welfare state, workers and employers. A diagnosis of the problem will be proposed and explored, together with possible and legitimate alternatives for its resolution. The activation paradigm posits a transformation of the social and ethical underpinnings of the social contract, requiring us to take up a moral stance in relation to unemployment and social exclusion. It accordingly fosters a change in ideological and terminological presuppositions —in what is taken for granted— as a means of depoliticising the handling of the social conflicts likely to accompany current developments in changing production models, in order to prevent the socio-political nature of social exclusion from emerging. The point is to avoid all consideration of this issue, thereby forestalling any questions of power or oppression that might be raised.El objetivo de esta contribución es analizar los principios sociales y morales del modelo de intervención social propuesto por las instituciones europeas. La extensión y difusión de conceptos articuladores de debates políticos es el eje nuclear de esta regulación supranacional. Se planteará el caso específico de la activación, en el cual, se discutirá qué tipo de diagnóstico del problema plantea, las alternativas posibles y legítimas para su resolución, así como su propuesta de articulación de responsabilidades entre el Estado social, el trabajador y los empleadores. Este paradigma de la activación plantea un proceso de transformación de los ejes sociales y morales en torno a los cuales se articula la cuestión social, dirigiéndonos hacia un enfoque moral frente al desempleo y a la exclusión social. Se está estimulando un cambio ideológico y terminológico de las cuestiones dadas por supuesto, cuya función es despolitizar la gestión del conflicto social que puede acompañar al desarrollo de las actuales condiciones del modelo productivo, incapacitando la emergencia del carácter sociopolítico de la exclusión social

New perspectives on employability and labour market policy: reflecting on key issues

This editorial introduces a theme issue on ``New Perspectives on Employability and Labour Market Policy''. The papers that follow were developed by participants in a cross-national research network established with the support of the Regional Studies Association, which aimed to share knowledge on both the individual and spatial dimensions of employability and labour market exclusion, and related policy responses. The papers were selected to take in research on barriers to work and job-search strategies among different groups, the role of employers in providing opportunities for job seekers, how the geography of labour markets shapes the experience of unemployment, and local and regional governance arrangements that provide the context for policy responses

Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del "Cuestionario de responsabilidad personal y social" en contextos de educación física

El objetivo del presente trabajo ha consistido en analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Cuestionario de Responsabilidad Personal y Social (Personal and Social Responsibility Questionnaire-PSRQ), que evalúa la percepción de responsabilidad personal y social de los alumnos en educación física. La muestra fue seleccionada por conveniencia, y la formaron 395 alumnos de 9 a 15 años, pertenecientes a 10 colegios públicos y concertados de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados del análisis factorial confirmatorio han corroborado la estructura bifactorial propuesta por sus autores, y los coeficientes de consistencia interna han resultado satisfactorios. Por otro lado, las correlaciones de los factores de responsabilidad con la motivación intrínseca han sido positivas y estadísticamente significativas, apoyando su validez criterialThe purpose of this study was to analyse the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Personal and Social Responsibility Questionnaire (PSRQ), which assesses students' perception of personal and social responsibility in physical education. The sample was selected on the basis of convenience and consisted in 395 students, ages 9 to 15, from 10 primary and secondary schools in the Community of Valencia. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the bifactorial structure proposed by its authors and its internal consistency coefficients were satisfactory. The correlations between the responsibility factors and intrinsic motivation were positive and statistically significant, which supported the validity of the criteri

Presentación. El giro copernicano del desempleo actual

Sin resume

Observación de las estrategias que emplean los profesores de educación física para enseñar responsabilidad personal y social

The purpose of this study was two-fold: (1) to analyse the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the first part of the "Tool for Assessing Responsibility-based Education (TARE)" that we have called instrumento de observación de las estrategias de los profesores para enseñar responsabilidad; (2) to analyse the strategies used by 4 physical education teachers in their classes. The results revealed, on the one hand, that the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the TARE were satisfactory. On the other hand, the four teachers showed strategies that fostered respect and gave all the students opportunities for success. Additionally, differences in teachers' strategies for giving students choices and voices were found. Nevertheless, teachers did not use many strategies for fostering students' autonomy and leadership. Thus, all teachers showed low use of strategies for fostering students' role in assessing their own learning and transferring to other contexts

Inserción laboral como transición psicosocial

Esta investigación ha consistido en una reflexión acerca de los procesos de inserción y socialización laboral del joven, entendiendo dicha inserción como un proceso de transición psicosocial al mundo adulto. El análisis de las formas bajo las cuales algunos jóvenes están llevando a cabo su inserción en el mundo adulto en el momento actual ha puesto de manifiesto las tensiones y contradicciones ante las que muchos de ellos están sometidos entre, por un lado, una demanda normativa implícita que hace del joven un estado deficitario (en términos de reciprocidad, agencia y racionalidad) y por otro, las condiciones de precariedad del mercado de trabajo que les instala en esta condición transitoria juvenil como un estado permanente. Se analizan las consecuencias de esta situación en la diversificación de las trayectorias de inserción, por un lado, y en la definición de plurales estadios adultos de llegada, por otro. Se ha observado que si la inserción al trabajo, y con ella, al mundo adulto, de ciertos jóvenes implicaba una afirmación de valores propios de la modernidad (reciprocidad, progreso y agencia), la inserción de otros instalaba a estos en la inestabilidad y en la polisemia como principios de vida. Esta polisemia explicaba su visión del mundo pluricentrada que les permitía desplazarse entre distintos planos semánticos, muchas veces antitéticos entre si, a través de los cuales se dotaba de sentido a la realidad social y laboral. Esta situación tenia el efecto paradójico de preparar y de dotar de estrategias mas adecuadas a estos jóvenes para el enfrentamiento ante la polivalencia y el cambio constante que caracterizan la situación del capitalismo avanzado en el que esta instalada la sociedad española actua

Different Toxicity Mechanisms for Citrinin and Ochratoxin A Revealed by Transcriptomic Analysis in Yeast

[EN] Citrinin (CIT) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are important mycotoxins, which frequently co-contaminate foodstuff. In order to assess the toxicologic threat posed by the two mycotoxins separately or in combination, their biological effects were studied here using genomic transcription profiling and specific live cell gene expression reporters in yeast cells. Both CIT and OTA cause highly transient transcriptional activation of different stress genes, which is greatly enhanced by the disruption of the multidrug exporter Pdr5. Therefore, we performed genome-wide transcription profiling experiments with the pdr5 mutant in response to acute CIT, OTA, or combined CIT/OTA exposure. We found that CIT and OTA activate divergent and largely nonoverlapping gene sets in yeast. CIT mainly caused the rapid induction of antioxidant and drug extrusion-related gene functions, while OTA mainly deregulated developmental genes related with yeast sporulation and sexual reproduction, having only a minor effect on the antioxidant response. The simultaneous exposure to CIT and OTA gave rise to a genomic response, which combined the specific features of the separated mycotoxin treatments. The application of stress-specific mutants and reporter gene fusions further confirmed that both mycotoxins have divergent biological effects in cells. Our results indicate that CIT exposure causes a strong oxidative stress, which triggers a massive transcriptional antioxidant and drug extrusion response, while OTA mainly deregulates developmental genes and only marginally induces the antioxidant defense.We thank Lorena Latorre and Javier Forment for their help with the microarray experiments and data analysis. This work was funded only in the initial phase by a grant from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (BFU2011-23326). We thank the Fond for Open Access Publication from Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) for supporting publication costs of this article.Vanacloig-Pedrós, E.; Proft, MH.; Pascual-Ahuir Giner, MD. (2016). Different Toxicity Mechanisms for Citrinin and Ochratoxin A Revealed by Transcriptomic Analysis in Yeast. Toxins. 8(10):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins8100273S120810Bennett, J. W., & Klich, M. (2003). Mycotoxins. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 16(3), 497-516. doi:10.1128/cmr.16.3.497-516.2003Marroquín-Cardona, A. G., Johnson, N. M., Phillips, T. D., & Hayes, A. W. (2014). Mycotoxins in a changing global environment – A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 69, 220-230. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.025Moretti, A., Susca, A., Mulé, G., Logrieco, A. F., & Proctor, R. H. (2013). Molecular biodiversity of mycotoxigenic fungi that threaten food safety. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 167(1), 57-66. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.06.033Wu, F., Groopman, J. D., & Pestka, J. J. (2014). Public Health Impacts of Foodborne Mycotoxins. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 5(1), 351-372. doi:10.1146/annurev-food-030713-092431Möbius, N., & Hertweck, C. (2009). Fungal phytotoxins as mediators of virulence. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 12(4), 390-398. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2009.06.004Doi, K., & Uetsuka, K. (2014). Mechanisms of Mycotoxin-induced Dermal Toxicity and Tumorigenesis Through Oxidative Stress-related Pathways. Journal of Toxicologic Pathology, 27(1), 1-10. doi:10.1293/tox.2013-0062Escrivá, L., Font, G., & Manyes, L. (2015). In vivo toxicity studies of fusarium mycotoxins in the last decade: A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 78, 185-206. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2015.02.005Vettorazzi, A., González-Peñas, E., & de Cerain, A. L. (2014). Ochratoxin A kinetics: A review of analytical methods and studies in rat model. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 72, 273-288. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.07.020Wang, Y., Wang, L., Liu, F., Wang, Q., Selvaraj, J., Xing, F., … Liu, Y. (2016). Ochratoxin A Producing Fungi, Biosynthetic Pathway and Regulatory Mechanisms. Toxins, 8(3), 83. doi:10.3390/toxins8030083Kőszegi, T., & Poór, M. (2016). Ochratoxin A: Molecular Interactions, Mechanisms of Toxicity and Prevention at the Molecular Level. Toxins, 8(4), 111. doi:10.3390/toxins8040111Faucet, V., Pfohl-Leszkowicz, A., Dai, J., Castegnaro, M., & Manderville, R. A. (2004). Evidence for Covalent DNA Adduction by Ochratoxin A following Chronic Exposure to Rat and Subacute Exposure to Pig. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 17(9), 1289-1296. doi:10.1021/tx049877sMantle, P. G., Faucet-Marquis, V., Manderville, R. A., Squillaci, B., & Pfohl-Leszkowicz, A. (2010). Structures of Covalent Adducts between DNA and Ochratoxin A: A New Factor in Debate about Genotoxicity and Human Risk Assessment. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 23(1), 89-98. doi:10.1021/tx900295aPfohl-Leszkowicz, A., & Manderville, R. A. (2011). An Update on Direct Genotoxicity as a Molecular Mechanism of Ochratoxin A Carcinogenicity. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 25(2), 252-262. doi:10.1021/tx200430fRahimtula, A. D., Béréziat, J.-C., Bussacchini-Griot, V., & Bartsch, H. (1988). Lipid peroxidation as a possible cause of ochratoxin a toxicity. Biochemical Pharmacology, 37(23), 4469-4477. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(88)90662-4Sorrenti, V., Di Giacomo, C., Acquaviva, R., Barbagallo, I., Bognanno, M., & Galvano, F. (2013). Toxicity of Ochratoxin A and Its Modulation by Antioxidants: A Review. Toxins, 5(10), 1742-1766. doi:10.3390/toxins5101742BRAGULAT, M., MARTINEZ, E., CASTELLA, G., & CABANES, F. (2008). Ochratoxin A and citrinin producing species of the genus Penicillium from feedstuffs. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 126(1-2), 43-48. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.04.034Vrabcheva, T., Usleber, E., Dietrich, R., & Märtlbauer, E. (2000). Co-occurrence of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin in Cereals from Bulgarian Villages with a History of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48(6), 2483-2488. doi:10.1021/jf990891yOstry, V., Malir, F., & Ruprich, J. (2013). Producers and Important Dietary Sources of Ochratoxin A and Citrinin. Toxins, 5(9), 1574-1586. doi:10.3390/toxins5091574Schmidt-Heydt, M., Graf, E., Stoll, D., & Geisen, R. (2012). The biosynthesis of ochratoxin A by Penicillium as one mechanism for adaptation to NaCl rich foods. Food Microbiology, 29(2), 233-241. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2011.08.003Schmidt-Heydt, M., Stoll, D., Schütz, P., & Geisen, R. (2015). Oxidative stress induces the biosynthesis of citrinin by Penicillium verrucosum at the expense of ochratoxin. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 192, 1-6. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.09.008Stoll, D., Schmidt-Heydt, M., & Geisen, R. (2013). Differences in the Regulation of Ochratoxin A by the HOG Pathway in Penicillium and Aspergillus in Response to High Osmolar Environments. Toxins, 5(7), 1282-1298. doi:10.3390/toxins5071282Flajs, D., & Peraica, M. (2009). Toxicological Properties of Citrinin. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 60(4), 457-464. doi:10.2478/10004-1254-60-2009-1992Bouslimi, A., Ouannes, Z., Golli, E. E., Bouaziz, C., Hassen, W., & Bacha, H. (2008). Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Damage in Kidney Cells Exposed to the Mycotoxins Ochratoxin A and Citrinin: Individual and Combined Effects. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 18(4), 341-349. doi:10.1080/15376510701556682Chan, W.-H. (2007). Citrinin induces apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway and inhibition of survival signals in embryonic stem cells, and causes developmental injury in blastocysts. Biochemical Journal, 404(2), 317-326. doi:10.1042/bj20061875Kumar, M., Dwivedi, P., Sharma, A. K., Sankar, M., Patil, R. D., & Singh, N. D. (2012). Apoptosis and lipid peroxidation in ochratoxin A- and citrinin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 30(1), 90-98. doi:10.1177/0748233712452598Kumar, R., Dwivedi, P. D., Dhawan, A., Das, M., & Ansari, K. M. (2011). Citrinin-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species Cause Cell Cycle Arrest Leading to Apoptosis via the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway in Mouse Skin. Toxicological Sciences, 122(2), 557-566. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr143Máté, G., Gazdag, Z., Mike, N., Papp, G., Pócsi, I., & Pesti, M. (2014). Regulation of oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic processes of citrinin in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Toxicon, 90, 155-166. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.08.005Pascual-Ahuir, A., Vanacloig-Pedros, E., & Proft, M. (2014). Toxicity Mechanisms of the Food Contaminant Citrinin: Application of a Quantitative Yeast Model. Nutrients, 6(5), 2077-2087. doi:10.3390/nu6052077Ribeiro, S. M. R., Chagas, G. M., Campello, A. P., & Kluppel, M. L. W. (1997). Mechanism of citrinin-induced dysfunction of mitochondria. V. Effect on the homeostasis of the reactive oxygen species. Cell Biochemistry and Function, 15(3), 203-209. doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0844(199709)15:33.0.co;2-jSingh, N. D., Sharma, A. K., Dwivedi, P., Leishangthem, G. D., Rahman, S., Reddy, J., & Kumar, M. (2013). Effect of feeding graded doses of citrinin on apoptosis and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats through the F1generation. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 32(3), 385-397. doi:10.1177/0748233713500836Yu, F.-Y., Liao, Y.-C., Chang, C.-H., & Liu, B.-H. (2006). Citrinin induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells via activation of the mitochondrial pathway. Toxicology Letters, 161(2), 143-151. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.08.009Föllmann, W., Behm, C., & Degen, G. H. (2014). Toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin and its metabolite dihydrocitrinone and of mixtures of citrinin and ochratoxin A in vitro. Archives of Toxicology, 88(5), 1097-1107. doi:10.1007/s00204-014-1216-8Klarić, M., Rašić, D., & Peraica, M. (2013). Deleterious Effects of Mycotoxin Combinations Involving Ochratoxin A. Toxins, 5(11), 1965-1987. doi:10.3390/toxins5111965Afshari, C. A., Hamadeh, H. K., & Bushel, P. R. (2010). The Evolution of Bioinformatics in Toxicology: Advancing Toxicogenomics. Toxicological Sciences, 120(Supplement 1), S225-S237. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfq373Yasokawa, D., & Iwahashi, H. (2010). Toxicogenomics using yeast DNA microarrays. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 110(5), 511-522. doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.06.003Arbillaga, L., Azqueta, A., van Delft, J. H. M., & López de Cerain, A. (2007). In vitro gene expression data supporting a DNA non-reactive genotoxic mechanism for ochratoxin A. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 220(2), 216-224. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.01.008Hibi, D., Kijima, A., Kuroda, K., Suzuki, Y., Ishii, Y., Jin, M., … Umemura, T. (2013). Molecular mechanisms underlying ochratoxin A-induced genotoxicity: global gene expression analysis suggests induction of DNA double-strand breaks and cell cycle progression. The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 38(1), 57-69. doi:10.2131/jts.38.57Marin-Kuan, M., Nestler, S., Verguet, C., Bezençon, C., Piguet, D., Mansourian, R., … Schilter, B. (2005). A Toxicogenomics Approach to Identify New Plausible Epigenetic Mechanisms of Ochratoxin A Carcinogenicity in Rat. Toxicological Sciences, 89(1), 120-134. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj017Vettorazzi, A., van Delft, J., & López de Cerain, A. (2013). A review on ochratoxin A transcriptomic studies. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 59, 766-783. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.043Iwahashi, H., Kitagawa, E., Suzuki, Y., Ueda, Y., Ishizawa, Y., Nobumasa, H., … Iwahashi, Y. (2007). Evaluation of toxicity of the mycotoxin citrinin using yeast ORF DNA microarray and Oligo DNA microarray. BMC Genomics, 8(1), 95. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-95Toone, W. M., Morgan, B. A., & Jones, N. (2001). Redox control of AP-1-like factors in yeast and beyond. Oncogene, 20(19), 2336-2346. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204384Luo, Y., Wang, J., Liu, B., Wang, Z., Yuan, Y., & Yue, T. (2015). Effect of Yeast Cell Morphology, Cell Wall Physical Structure and Chemical Composition on Patulin Adsorption. PLOS ONE, 10(8), e0136045. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136045Piotrowska, M., & Masek, A. (2015). Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Cell Wall Components as Tools for Ochratoxin A Decontamination. Toxins, 7(4), 1151-1162. doi:10.3390/toxins7041151Jungwirth, H., & Kuchler, K. (2005). Yeast ABC transporters - A tale of sex, stress, drugs and aging. FEBS Letters, 580(4), 1131-1138. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.12.050Prasad, R., & Goffeau, A. (2012). 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The role of altered mitochondrial function in citrinin-induced toxicity to rat renal proximal tubule suspensions*1. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 109(3), 455-463. doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90008-3Qi, X., Yu, T., Zhu, L., Gao, J., He, X., Huang, K., … Xu, W. (2014). Ochratoxin A induces rat renal carcinogenicity with limited induction of oxidative stress responses. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 280(3), 543-549. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.030Taniai, E., Yafune, A., Nakajima, M., Hayashi, S.-M., Nakane, F., Itahashi, M., & Shibutani, M. (2014). Ochratoxin A induces karyomegaly and cell cycle aberrations in renal tubular cells without relation to induction of oxidative stress responses in rats. Toxicology Letters, 224(1), 64-72. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.001Govin, J., & Berger, S. L. (2009). Genome reprogramming during sporulation. The International Journal of Developmental Biology, 53(2-3), 425-432. doi:10.1387/ijdb.082687jgWinter, E. (2012). The Sum1/Ndt80 Transcriptional Switch and Commitment to Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 76(1), 1-15. doi:10.1128/mmbr.05010-11Grunstein, M., & Gasser, S. M. (2013). Epigenetics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 5(7), a017491-a017491. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a017491Pijnappel, W. W. M. P. (2001). The S. cerevisiae SET3 complex includes two histone deacetylases, Hos2 and Hst1, and is a meiotic-specific repressor of the sporulation gene program. Genes & Development, 15(22), 2991-3004. doi:10.1101/gad.207401Xie, J., Pierce, M., Gailus-Durner, V., Wagner, M., Winter, E., & Vershon, A. K. (1999). Sum1 and Hst1 repress middle sporulation-specific gene expression during mitosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The EMBO Journal, 18(22), 6448-6454. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.22.6448Chalkiadaki, A., & Guarente, L. (2015). The multifaceted functions of sirtuins in cancer. 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Envejecimiento, natalidad y empleo: cambios demográficos del nuevo milenio.

Sin resumenLa situación demográfica en España se carac- The demographic situation in Spain actual/y teriza actualmente por una fecundidad muy baja, depens on the low leve/ of fecundity; that la the el nivel más bajo de la UE; al mismo tiempo que mostly in the EU. Also the major/ty of population una elevada esperanza de vida, y una inmigración sus fain the highest life expectancy, and the imextranjera más bien pequeña que se ha iniciado migration of foreiner workers increases more recientemente, puesto que nuestro país fue más slowly than the EU work/ng population. Countries bien país de emigrantes. E/envejecimiento de la that axperienced earlier ferti/ity declines, such as población aumen fará en el futuro, sin que pueda those in Europe, face rapid aging of Iheir populapaliarío ni la inmigración, ni la recuperación deja tions. In 2014 the proporfion aged 65 or older in fecundidad. Todo ello incrementará la depen- h/gh-income countries wil/ reach l8percent. The dencia, y al mismo tiempo tendrá consecuencias se shifts change the demands on health care en el equilibrio de /os sistemas de protección so- systems and other social services, many of which cialy salud, así como en el ámbito financiero, por may be unsustainable v'hen de fuil effects of the las nuevas demandas y expectativas de servicios new age structure are felt. To the extent that bet de bienestar que esto puede crear ter management of chronic conditiona increases life expectancy at older ages, rescurces for oíd age support and health care may have to increa ses beyond current expectatiors

The training in the prps process implementation: a case study

El presente artículo examina la valoración que realizaron los profesores participantes en un curso de formación orientado a mejorar la implementación del Programa de Responsabilidad Personal y Social (PRPS) (Escartí, Pascual y Gutiérrez, 2005) en la escuela. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa a través de un doble estudio de casos. Las participantes fueron dos profesoras generalistas de Educación Primaria. La obtención de los datos se realizó a través de diarios personales y entrevistas. Para las participantes las fortalezas de la formación fueron: el intercambio de experiencias entre los participantes, el efecto motivador que tuvo que el facilitador del curso fuera un experto profesor de una universidad extranjera y la presentación de un nuevo enfoque metodológico más flexible en la aplicación del PRPS. Los puntos débiles de la formación fueron: la corta duración de la formación y una oferta insuficiente de actividades prácticas para el desarrollo de la responsabilidad en los niños. Las propuestas de mejora hechas por los participantes contemplaron el incremento de actividades prácticas específicas para el desarrollo del liderazgo y la transferencia, así como la utilización de una metodología basada en el active learning (Bonwell y Eison, 1991).This paper examines the assessment that the teachers participating in a training course did to improve the implementation of Personal and Social Responsibility Program (PSRP) (Escartí, Pascual and Gutierrez, 2005) at school. This is a qualitative research through a double case study. Participants were two primary school teachers. Data were collected from teacher’s diaries and interviews. Findings: For the participants the strengths of the teacher training were: the exchange of experiences between participants, the motivating effect of the fact that the training facilitator was an expert teacher in a foreign university, and the presentation of a new more flexible methodological approach to implement PSRP. The teacher training weaknesses were: the short duration of training and the insufficient supply of practical activities to develop responsibility in children. In order to improve teacher training in PRPS the participants proposed specific practical activities to develop leadership and transference, and the use of a methodology based on active learning (Bonwell and Eison, 1991)