Efecto de una suplementación láctea con ácido linoleico conjugado sobre el control de peso y la composición corporal de personas sanas con sobrepeso

Introduction: Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) have shown beneficial effects in weight control therapy however this relation is not clear. Objetive: The aim of the study was to examine the effects and safety of 3 g of a 1:1 mix of c9-t11 and t10-c12 on weight control and body composition in healthy overweight individuals. Methods: A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomised double-blind, parallel clinical trial lasting 24 weeks was carried out in 38 volunteers (29w, 9m) aged 30-55 years and BMI ≥27-<30 kg/m2 who consumed 200 ml/day of skimmed milk with 3g of CLAs or 3g olive oil (placebo). Anthropometric, biochemical and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) tests were measured. Diet and physical activity were assessed. Results: Subjects maintained their habitual dietary and exercise patterns over the study. Only CLA group showed a significant decrease in weight (74.43 ± 10.45 vs 73.54 ± 11.66 kg, p = 0.029) and waist circumference (91.45 ± 10.33 vs 90.65 ± 9.84 cm, p = 0.012) between baseline and end of the study. BMI and waist height ratio decreased (28.44 ± 1.08 vs 27.81 ± 1.43 kg/m2, p = 0.030 and 0.57 ± 0.05 vs 0.56 ± 0.04 p = 0.013 respectively) in CLA group at the end. CLA group experienced a reduction in total fat mass after 24 weeks (38.62 ± 5.02 vs 36.65 ± 5.64%, p = 0.035). No decrease was observed in Control group. HOMA index had no changes. Conclusions: The consumption of skimmed milk enriched with 3g of a 1:1 mixture of c9-t11 and t10-c12 for 24 weeks led to a decrease in body weight and total fat mass in healthy, overweight subjects who maintained habitual diets and exercise patterns. No adverse effects were observed. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier No. NCT01503047Introducción: Los ácidos linoleicos conjugados (ALC) han mostrado unos efectos beneficiosos en el tratamiento del control de peso; sin embargo, esta relación no está clara. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue examinar los efectos y la seguridad de 3 g de una mezcla 1:1 de c9-t11 y t10-c12 sobre el control de peso y la composición corporal en individuos sanos con sobrepeso. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio clínico prospectivo, de grupos paralelos, de distribución aleatoria, a doble ciego y con control placebo, de 24 semanas de duración, en 38 voluntarios (29 mujeres, 9 hombres) con edades de 30-55 años y un IMC ≥27- < 30 kg/m2 que consumieron 200 ml/día de leche desnatada con 3 g de ALC o 3 g de aceite de oliva (placebo). Se midieron datos de antropometría, bioquímica y absorciometría dual de rayos X (DXA). Se evaluaron la dieta y la actividad física. Resultados: Los sujetos mantuvieron sus patrones habituales de dieta y ejercicio a lo largo del estudio. Sólo el grupo de ALC mostró una reducción significativa del peso (74,43 ± 10,45 vs 73,54 ± 11,66 kg, p = 0,029) y de la circunferencia de la cintura (91,45 ± 10,33 vs 90,65 ± 9,84 cm, p = 0,012) entre el periodo basal y el final del estudio. El IMC y el cociente cintura/talla disminuyeron (28,44 ± 1,08 vs 27,81 ± 1,43 kg/m2, p = 0,030 y 0,57 ± 0,05 vs 0,56 ± 0,04 p = 0,013, respectivamente) en el grupo ALC al final del estudio. El grupo ALC experimentó una reducción de la masa grasa total tras 24 semanas (38,62 ± 5,02 vs 36,65 ± 5,64 %, p = 0,035). No se observó reducción en el grupo control. El índice HOMA no experimentó cambios. Conclusiones: El consumo de leche desnatada enriquecida con 3 g de una mezcla 1:1 de c9-t11 y t10-c12 durante 24 semanas produjo un descenso del peso corporal y la masa grasa total en sujetos sanos con sobrepeso que mantuvieron sus patrones habituales de dieta y ejercicio físico. No se observaron efectos adversos. Registrado con el identificador núm. NCT01503047 en ClinicalTrials. govThis study was funded by CAPSA (Corporación Alimentaria Peñasanta

Bioinspired crystallization, sensitized luminescence and cytocompatibility of citrate-functionalized Ca-substituted europium phosphate monohydrate nanophosphors

Bio compatible nanosystems exhibiting long lifetime ( ~millisecond) luminescence features are particu l arly relevant in the field of bioimaging. In this study, citrate functionalized calcium doped europium phosphates nanophosphors of the rhabdophane type were prepared at different synthesis times by a bioinspired crystallization route, consisting in thermal decomplexing of ca2•tEu3• {citrate{phosphate{car bonate solutions. The general formula of this material is Ca«Eu1 a(PO4) 1 a(HP04 l,,•nH2O, with CJ. ranging from 0 to 0.58 and n ~ 1. A thorough characterization of the nanoparticles has been carried out by XRD (including data processing with Topas 6.0), HR TEM, TEM, FTIR, TG{ITTA. ICP, dynamic light scattering (OLS), electrophoretic mobility, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on these results a crystallization mechanism involving the filling of cationic sites with Ca21ons associated to a concomitant adjustment of the P04{HPO4 ratio was proposed Upon calcium doping, the aspect ratio of the nanoparticles as well as of the crystalline domains decreased and the relative luminescence intensity (R.LI.) could be modulated. Neither the pH nor the ionic strength, nor the temperature (from 25 to 37 C) affected signif icantly the R.L.I. of particles after resuspension in water, leading to rather steady luminescence features usable in a large domain of conditions. This new class of luminescent compounds has been proved to be fully cytocompatible relative to GTL 16 human carcinoma cells and showed an improved cytocompatibil ity as the Ca2+ content increased when contacted with the more sensitive m17. ASC murine mesenchymal stem cells. These biocompatible nanoparticles thus appear as promising new tailorable tools for biomed ical applications as luminescent nanoprobes.We greatly acknowledge the project Biomin nanoapatite MAT2014 60533 R supported by Spanish MINEICO and co funded by FEDER and the Excellence Network of Crystallography and Crystallization "Factoría de Cristalización" FIS2015 71928 REDC supported by Spanish MINEICO. Cristóbal Verdugo Escamilla also acknowledges the Spanish MINEICO for his contract PT A2015 11103 I

Luminescent biomimetic citrate-coated europium-doped carbonated apatite nanoparticles for use in bioimaging: physico-chemistry and cytocompatibility

Nanomedicine covers the application of nanotechnologies in medicine. Of particular interest is the setup of highly-cytocompatible nanoparticles for use as drug carriers and/or for medical imaging. In this context, luminescent nanoparticles are appealing nanodevices with great potential for imaging of tumor or other targetable cells, and several strategies are under investigation. Biomimetic apatite nanoparticles represent candidates of choice in nanomedicine due to their high intrinsic biocompatibility and to the highly accommodative properties of the apatite structure, allowing many ionic substitutions. In this work, the preparation of biomimetic (bone-like) citrate-coated carbonated apatite nanoparticles doped with europium ions is explored using the citrate-based thermal decomplexing approach. The technique allows the preparation of the single apatitic phase with nanosized dimensions only at Eu3+ doping concentrations ≤0.01 M at some timepoints. The presence of the citrate coating on the particle surface (as found in bone nanoapatites) and Eu3+ substituting Ca2+ is beneficial for the preparation of stable suspensions at physiological pH, as witnessed by the ζ-potential versus pH characterizations. The sensitized luminescence features of the solid particles, as a function of the Eu3+ doping concentrations and the maturation times, have been thoroughly investigated, while those of particles in suspensions have been investigated at different pHs, ionic strengths and temperatures. Their cytocompatibility is illustrated in vitro on two selected cell types, the GTL-16 human carcinoma cells and the m17.ASC murine mesenchymal stem cells. This contribution shows the potentiality of the thermal decomplexing method for the setup of luminescent biomimetic apatite nanoprobes with controlled features for use in bioimaging

Parathormone levels add prognostic ability to N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in stable coronary patients

Aims: There are controversial data on the ability of the components of mineral metabolism (vitamin D, phosphate, parathormone [PTH], fibroblast growth factor-23 [FGF23], and klotho) to predict cardiovascular events. In addition, it is unknown whether they add any prognostic value to other well-known biomarkers. Methods and results: In 969 stable coronary patients, we determined plasma levels of all the aforementioned components of mineral metabolism with a complete set of clinical and biochemical variables, including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Secondary outcomes were ischaemic events (any acute coronary syndrome, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack) and heart failure or death. The primary outcome was a composite of the secondary outcomes. Median follow-up was 5.39 years. Age was 60 (52–72) years. Median glomerular filtration rate was 80.4 (65.3–93.1) mL/min/1.73 m2. One-hundred and eighty-five patients developed the primary outcome. FGF23, PTH, hs-TnI, and NT-proBNP were directly related with the primary outcome on univariate Cox analysis, while Klotho and calcidiol were inversely related. On multivariate analysis, only PTH (HR 1.058 [CI 1.021–1.097]; P = 0.002) and NT-proBNP (HR 1.020 [CI 1.012–1.028]; P 85.5 RU/mL) (P < 0.001) but not in patients with low FGF23 levels (P = 0.551). There was a significant interaction between FGF23 and PTH (P = 0.002). However, there was no significant interaction between PTH and both klotho and calcidiol levels. Conclusions: Parathormone is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in coronary patients, adding complimentary prognostic information to NT-proBNP plasma levels. This predictive value is restricted to patients with high FGF23 plasma levels. This should be considered in the design of future studies in this field.This work was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Fondos FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) European Union (PI05/0451, PI14/1567, PI17/01615, and PI17/01495); Spanish Society of Cardiology; Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis; RECAVA (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares) (RD06/0014/0035); and Instituto de Salud Carlos III FEDER (FJD biobank: RD09/0076/00101). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Proposal of teaching innovation for Philology: program for the inclusion of students in academic research and acquisition of scientific and training experiences

Se busca crear un semillero de investigación para fomentar la producción científica y la participación del alumnado en proyectos de edición permitiendo así a los estudiantes la obtención de resultados efectivos antes de finalizar sus estudios.Depto. de Estudios Ingleses: Lingüística y LiteraturaFac. de FilologíaFALSEsubmitte

Luminescent biomimetic citrate-coated europium-doped carbonated apatite nanoparticles for use in bioimaging: Physico-chemistry and cytocompatibility

Nanomedicine covers the application of nanotechnologies in medicine. Of particular interest is the setup of highly-cytocompatible nanoparticles for use as drug carriers and/or for medical imaging. In this context, luminescent nanoparticles are appealing nanodevices with great potential for imaging of tumor or other targetable cells, and several strategies are under investigation. Biomimetic apatite nanoparticles represent candidates of choice in nanomedicine due to their high intrinsic biocompatibility and to the highly accommodative properties of the apatite structure, allowing many ionic substitutions. In this work, the preparation of biomimetic (bone-like) citrate-coated carbonated apatite nanoparticles doped with europium ions is explored using the citrate-based thermal decomplexing approach. The technique allows the preparation of the single apatitic phase with nanosized dimensions only at Eu doping concentrations ≤0.01 M at some timepoints. The presence of the citrate coating on the particle surface (as found in bone nanoapatites) and Eu substituting Ca is beneficial for the preparation of stable suspensions at physiological pH, as witnessed by the ζ-potential versus pH characterizations. The sensitized luminescence features of the solid particles, as a function of the Eu doping concentrations and the maturation times, have been thoroughly investigated, while those of particles in suspensions have been investigated at different pHs, ionic strengths and temperatures. Their cytocompatibility is illustrated in vitro on two selected cell types, the GTL-16 human carcinoma cells and the m17.ASC murine mesenchymal stem cells. This contribution shows the potentiality of the thermal decomplexing method for the setup of luminescent biomimetic apatite nanoprobes with controlled features for use in bioimaging.We greatly acknowledge the project Biomin-nanoapatite MAT2014-60533-R supported by Spanish MINEICO and co-funded by FEDER and the Excellence Network of Crystallography and Crystallization “Factoría de Cristalización” FIS2015-71928-REDC supported by Spanish MINEICO. Cristóbal Verdugo-Escamilla also acknowledges the Spanish MINEICO for his contract PTA2015-11103-I

COVID-19 in hospitalized solid organ transplant recipients in a nationwide registry study

ABSTRACT: Objectives: Underlying immunodeficiency has been associated with worse clinical presentation and increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. We evaluated the mortality of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients (SOTR) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19. Methods: Nationwide, retrospective, observational analysis of all adults hospitalized because of COVID-19 in Spain during 2020. Stratification was made according to SOT status. The National Registry of Hospital Discharges was used, using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision coding list. Results: Of the 117,694 adults hospitalized during this period, 491 were SOTR: kidney 390 (79.4%), liver 59 (12%), lung 27 (5.5%), and heart 19 (3.9%). Overall, the mortality of SOTR was 13.8%. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, SOTR was not associated with higher mortality risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60-1.03). However, lung transplantation was an independent factor related to mortality (OR = 3.26, 95% CI 1.33-7.43), while kidney, liver, and heart transplantation were not. Being a lung transplant recipient was the strongest prognostic factor in SOT patients (OR = 5.12, 95% CI 1.88-13.98). Conclusion: This nationwide study supports that the COVID-19 mortality rate in SOTR in Spain during 2020 did not differ from the general population, except for lung transplant recipients, who presented worse outcomes. Efforts should be focused on the optimal management of lung transplant recipients with COVID-19

CXCL17 Is a Specific Diagnostic Biomarker for Severe Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) That Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome.

The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CXCL17) is chemotactic for myeloid cells, exhibits bactericidal activity, and exerts anti-viral functions. This chemokine is constitutively expressed in the respiratory tract, suggesting a role in lung defenses. However, little is known about the participation of CXCL17 against relevant respiratory pathogens in humans. Here, we evaluated the serum levels and lung tissue expression pattern of CXCL17 in a cohort of patients with severe pandemic influenza A(H1N1) from Mexico City. Peripheral blood samples obtained on admission and seven days after hospitalization were processed for determinations of serum CXCL17 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CXCL17 was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHQ) in lung autopsy specimens from patients that succumbed to the disease. Serum CXCL17 levels were also analyzed in two additional comparative cohorts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients. Additionally, the expression of CXCL17 was tested in lung autopsy specimens from COVID-19 patients. A total of 122 patients were enrolled in the study, from which 68 had pandemic influenza A(H1N1), 24 had COVID-19, and 30 with PTB. CXCL17 was detected in post-mortem lung specimens from patients that died of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) and COVID-19. Interestingly, serum levels of CXCL17 were increased only in patients with pandemic influenza A(H1N1), but not COVID-19 and PTB. CXCL17 not only differentiated pandemic influenza A(H1N1) from other respiratory infections but showed prognostic value for influenza-associated mortality and renal failure in machine-learning algorithms and regression analyses. Using cell culture assays, we also identified that human alveolar A549 cells and peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages increase their CXCL17 production capacity after influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus infection. Our results for the first time demonstrate an induction of CXCL17 specifically during pandemic influenza A(H1N1), but not COVID-19 and PTB in humans. These findings could be of great utility to differentiate influenza and COVID-19 and to predict poor prognosis specially at settings of high incidence of pandemic A(H1N1). Future studies on the role of CXCL17 not only in severe pandemic influenza, but also in seasonal influenza, COVID-19, and PTB are required to validate our results

Corrigendum: CXCL17 Is a Specific Diagnostic Biomarker for Severe Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) That Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633297.]