What memory binding functions is the hippocampus responsible for?

The role of the hippocampus in binding information in working memory (WM) is little understood. When complex experiences comprise associations between different pieces of information such as objects and locations (relational binding), the function of the hippocampus is required to hold them in WM (Mitchell et al., 2000; 2006; Piekema, 2006). However, recent evidence suggests that if the to-be-associated information leads to the formation of integrated objects such as coloured shapes (conjunctive binding), the hippocampus is less involved in holding temporary representations of these complex events in WM (Baddeley et al., 2010; Piekema, 2006). We investigated the relational and conjunctive binding hypotheses of the hippocampal functions in a patient with right hippocampal damage. The patient and controls were asked to study visual arrays of stimuli which consisted of shape-colour relations (shape-colour pairs) or shape-colour conjunctions (coloured shapes). After the study array, they were presented with a new screen consisting of one set of shapes (line drawings) and one set of colours. They were asked to reconstruct the bindings by selecting the shapes and their corresponding colours. As compared to healthy controls, the patient was impaired in holding relations of shapes and colours in WM whereas he could retain the conjunctions similarly to controls. These results lend support to the role of the hippocampus in supporting memory for inter-item associations but not memory for conjunctions of features which define objects' identity

Artificial diet adjustments for brazilian strain of Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

A modified artificial diet based on the “Cenibroca diet” used in Colombia for mass rearing of Hypothenemus hampei, was compared with the natural diet presently used to rear this insect. The modified diet was cheaper than Portilla’s diet and did not affect insect fitness, developmental time, viability or sex ratio.

Desenvolvimento e consumo de folhas de soja por Urbanus proteus proteus (L.)

Urbanus proteus proteus (L.) is a defoliating pest of legumes, causing damage mainly on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and, being a minor pest, little is known about its bioecology. The objective of this paper was to study the larval and pupal development of the insect and the foliar consumption during its instars. Durations of 16.7; 1.1; 11.4 and 29.2 days were determined for the caterpillar, prepupal, and pupal stages, and the period from caterpillar-adult, respectively, with a total viability of 84.8%. The larval stage had five instars and the consumption of leaf area was 214.3 cm², with the consumption of the two last instars representing 96.9% of the total. Based on this value, the control level of the pest was estimated as 17 large caterpillars per sampling.Urbanus proteus proteus (L.) é uma praga desfolhadora de leguminosas causando danos, principalmente em soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), e feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), e, por ser praga secundária, pouco se sabe a respeito de sua bioecologia. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o desenvolvimento larval e pupal do inseto e o consumo da área foliar nos diferentes ínstares. Determinaram-se durações de 16,7; 1,1; 11,4 e 29,2 dias, para as fases de lagarta, pré-pupa, pupa e período lagarta-adulto, respectivamente, com viabilidade total de 84,8%. A fase larval apresentou cinco ínstares e o consumo foi de 214,3 cm² de área foliar, sendo que, o consumo dos dois últimos ínstares representou 96,9% do total. Baseando-se neste valor, estimou-se o nível de controle da praga, como sendo de 17 lagartas grandes por amostragem

Science Fiction films as a mirror of american society in the 1950´s. Special reference to the role of infiltrated invader

Durante el periodo de la guerra fría existió una corriente anticomunista en el seno de los Estados Unidos. El presente trabajo trata de comprobar cómo dentro de producciones sin intención propagandística y sin aspiración alguna a mostrar la realidad, se pueden encontrar elementos que reflejan la psicología de la época. Para el estudio, hemos confeccionado una base de datos a partir del listado de las 105 películas de este género según la catalogación del American Film Institute, producidas en Estados Unidos entre 1950 y 1959. Adicionalmente se ha realizado una contextualización histórica y un análisis descriptivo analizando la figura del enemigo infiltrado.There was a strong current of anticommunist-cinema during the cold war period in the United States. This article tries to demonstrate how productions without propagandistic or documentary intentions are able to show the psychology of this period of time. This paper examines fantastic films over the 1950-1960 time period according to the American Film Institute's list. We have compiled a database of 105 films focused on fantastic field in order to perform an in-depth analysis of the main paradigmatic films of this time period after contextualizing their environment. This is followed by the analysis of the generic archetypes that characters represented in science fiction films of that decade

Biologia de Microctonus sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitóide de Cyrtomon luridus BOH. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Cyrtomon luridus (Boh.), a native insect of wild Solanaceae, has adapted to the medicinal plant Duboisia sp., introduced from Australia, causing damages up to 100% mortality. Microctonus sp. is the most important natural enemy of C. luridus and its potential for biological control was investigated in this work. This study was carried out in Arapongas, Paraná State, Brazil, from 1994 to 1996. Parasitism of C. luridus by Microctonus sp. was highest from February through June (maximum of 54% in May 1996), when the C. luridus adult population was decreasing. The female sex ratio of Microctonus sp. under natural conditions was 0.57 to 0.69, which was close to 1 male : 2 female. Production of males occurs parthenogetically (arrhenotoky). In the laboratory, parasitism reached 40% when two adult C. luridus were exposed per parasitoid. The number of Microctonus sp. adults that emerged per parasitized beetle ranged from 4.7 to 14.2. Larval-pupal viability was 31.7 to 64.8% and the female sex ratio ranged from 0.0 to 0.37, with prevalence of males. The egg-pupal period was 12.7 days and the pupal-adult period was 10.7 days, resulting in a mean life cycle (egg-adult) of 22.4 days for this parasitoid (25ºC, 70% R.H.). This is the first report of a new species of Microctonus sp. in C. luridus.Cyrtomon luridus (Boh.) é um inseto nativo de solanáceas silvestres e se adaptou à planta medicinal Duboisia sp., introduzida da Austrália, causando danos de até 100% de mortalidade. Microctonus sp. é o mais importante inimigo natural de C. luridus e seu potencial para o controle biológico foi investigado neste trabalho. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em Arapongas, Estado do Paraná, de 1994 a 1996. O parasitismo de C. luridus, por Microctonus sp. foi maior nos meses de fevereiro a junho (máximo de 54% em maio/96), coincidindo com a diminuição da população de adultos de C. luridus. A razão sexual de fêmeas de Microctonus sp., em condições naturais, foi de 0,57 a 0,69; sem cópula há produção de machos (partenogênese arrenótoca). Em laboratório, o parasitismo chegou a 40%, quando se ofereciam 2 adultos de C. luridus para 1 parasitóide. O número de adultos de Microctonus sp. por besouro parasitado variou de 4,7 a 14,2; a viabilidade larval-pupal de 31,7 a 64,8% e a razão sexual de 0 a 0,37, com predominância de machos. O período ovo-adulto foi em média, de 22,4 dias, sendo 12,7 dias para o período ovo-pupa e 10,7 dias para o período pupa-adulto (a 25º C; 70% de U.R). Estes foram os primeiros resultados da biologia desta nova espécie de Microctonus, parasitóide com potencial a ser avaliado para o controle biológico de C. luridus

Disability as a Driving Force of Sustainable Business Models in the Fourth Sector

[EN] We are living in unprecedented times in which sustainability is essential to economic growth, quality of life and national stability. In this context, Solidaridad y Trabajo Virgen del Camino (SOLTRA) emerges as an example of a firm in the fourth sector that has achieved the triple bottom line of sustainability: economic, social and environmental performance. Although SOLTRA’s current efforts are mainly focused on the social sphere through the recruitment and integration of people with disabilities into the company and, consequently, into the labour market and society, it also pursues environmental and economic objectives. In the present study, we analysed SOLTRA’s business model by applying the theory of planned behaviour and the resource-based view of the firm. The information derived from in-depth interviews with SOLTRA’s CEO and top managers from the operations and human resources departments, as well as public financial and social reports, allowed us to identify the cornerstones of its business model. The model is based on incremental technology, holistic behaviour and the integration of social activities that help identify better business opportunities. In this study, several implications for managers, policymakers and citizens are provided. These findings may contribute to the development of managerial practices that can help companies to achieve better outcomes by using new approaches to solving social and environmental problems and identifying new opportunities for vulnerable citizens

Population dynamics of Cyrtomon luridus Boheman (Coloptera: Curculionidae) on Duboisia sp. (Solanaceae) in Brazil

Cyrtomon luridus (Boheman) has adapted to the medicinal plant Duboisia sp., introduced from Australia. Its larvae feed on roots, causing up to 100% mortality damages. The population dynamics and biological cycle were studied to determine future control methods in Duboisia sp., in Arapongas, Paraná State, Brazil, from 1993 to 1996. C. luridus presented annual life cycle in Duboisia sp. under natural conditions. The larval development period was 120 to 150 days, from January to May, reaching an average size of 19.0 ± 2.0 mm in soil depth ranging on 24.9 ± 8.6 cm to 45.0 ± 10.0 cm. The beginning of the pupal phase happened in April. The larval-adult viability ranged on 7.5% to 19.6%. The typical symptoms of attack appeared in an infestation level of 60 larvae per plant. The first adults came out in July, six months after larvae hatching. However, adults came out from soil only in September, at the beginning of the rainy season, reaching the peak of emergency in October, outspreading until January. In laboratory (25ºC, 70% R.H.), females longevity averaged 113.7 ± 15.2 days. In this period, laying capacity was 42.7 ± 7.9 egg masses, with 9.4 ± 0.61 eggs each, totaling 402 ± 72.9 eggs per female. Adults C. luridus were found parasitized by Microctonus sp. (Loan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Solanaceae species Solanum mauritianum Scopoli and Cestrum intermedium Sendt. were identified as host plants of C. luridus.Cyrtomon luridus (Boheman) adaptou-se à planta medicinal Duboisia sp., introduzida da Austrália, na qual causa danos de até 100%. A dinâmica populacional e o ciclo biológico foram estudados de 1993 a 1996, em Arapongas, PR, Brasil, com o objetivo de determinar futuros métodos de controle em Duboisia sp.. C. luridus apresentou ciclo anual em Duboisia sp. em condições naturais. O período de desenvolvimento larval ocorreu em 120 a 150 dias, de janeiro a maio, atingindo o tamanho médio de 19.0 ± 2.0 mm a uma profundidade média no solo de 24.9 ± 8.6 cm a 45.0 ± 10.0 cm. Em abril, foi observado o início da fase pupal. A viabilidade do período larval-adulto variou de 7.5% a 19.6%. Os sintomas típicos de ataque apareceram com o nível de infestação de 60 larvas por planta. Os primeiros adultos surgiram em julho, seis meses após a eclosão das larvas. Entretanto, o início da emergência de adultos do solo foi em setembro, no início da estação chuvosa, atingindo o pico de emergência em outubro, estendendo-se até janeiro. Em laboratório (25ºC, 70% UR), a longevidade média das fêmeas foi de 113.7 ± 15.2 dias. Neste período, cada fêmea colocou 42.7 ± 7.9 massas de ovos com 9.4 ± 0.61 ovos cada, totalizando uma média de 402 ± 72.9 ovos por fêmea. Adultos de C. luridus foram encontrados parasitados por Microctonus sp. (Loan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). As espécies de Solanaceae Solanum mauritianum Scopoli e Cestrum intermedium Sendt. foram encontradas como plantas hospedeiras de C. luridus

Intervención para la reforma y rehabilitación de edificio existente para las nuevas oficinas de la Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia (A.P.V.) Fase III

En 1997 la Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia firmó un convenio de colaboración con el Ministerio de Fomento, la Generalitat Valenciana y el Ayuntamiento de Valencia para la modernización de las infraestructuras del Puerto de Valencia, y que contemplaba como núcleo central la actuación "Balcón al Mar" para la recuperación de la dársena interior para uso ciudadano. No es hasta abril de 2001 cuando el Ayuntamiento expuso por primera vez al público el proyecto "Balcón al Mar".El edificio que conforma la tercera fase de las oficinas de la Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia es una construcción industrial de posguerra que no se encuentra protegido por el catálogo municipal. El edificio tiene un cierto valor portuario debido a su pertenencia en el pasado al concesionario más importante del Puerto de Valencia como ha sido la Unión Naval de Levante. Además, la nave posee cierto grado de valor estético unido a los otros dos edificios de similares características que confiere un marcado aire de conjunto arquitectónico.Morcillo Parra, R. (2011). Intervención para la reforma y rehabilitación de edificio existente para las nuevas oficinas de la Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia (A.P.V.) Fase III. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/14243.Archivo delegad