Large Merger Recoils and Spin Flips From Generic Black-Hole Binaries

We report the first results from evolutions of a generic black-hole binary, i.e. a binary containing unequal mass black holes with misaligned spins. Our configuration, which has a mass ratio of 2:1, consists of an initially non-spinning hole orbiting a larger, rapidly spinning hole (specific spin a/m = 0.885), with the spin direction oriented -45 degrees with respect to the orbital plane. We track the inspiral and merger for ~2 orbits and find that the remnant receives a substantial kick of 454 km/s, more than twice as large as the maximum kick from non-spinning binaries. The remnant spin direction is flipped by 103 degrees with respect to the initial spin direction of the larger hole. We performed a second run with anti-aligned spins, a/m = +-0.5 lying in the orbital plane that produces a kick of 1830 km/s off the orbital plane. This value scales to nearly 4000 km/s for maximally spinning holes. Such a large recoil velocity opens the possibility that a merged binary can be ejected even from the nucleus of a massive host galaxy.Comment: 4 pages. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Derribando muros

La historia del derecho penal suele ser más que una historia de errores una historia de horrores. Es necesario “abrir una puerta”, aquella que debiéramos haber abierto ya hace tiempo y no nos animamos a hacer… Seamos el búho de Minerva en la hora crepuscular; la roca firme en el mar embravecido; la luz –aunque tenue- en el camino de la esperanza… construyamos la utopía de creer que un mundo mejor es posible.Fil: Parma, Carlos.Fil: Mangiafico, David

Spin Flips and Precession in Black-Hole-Binary Mergers

We use the `moving puncture' approach to perform fully non-linear evolutions of spinning quasi-circular black-hole binaries with individual spins not aligned with the orbital angular momentum. We evolve configurations with the individual spins (parallel and equal in magnitude) pointing in the orbital plane and 45-degrees above the orbital plane. We introduce a technique to measure the spin direction and track the precession of the spin during the merger, as well as measure the spin flip in the remnant horizon. The former configuration completes 1.75 orbits before merging, with the spin precessing by 98-degrees and the final remnant horizon spin flipped by ~72-degrees with respect to the component spins. The latter configuration completes 2.25 orbits, with the spins precessing by 151-degrees and the final remnant horizon spin flipped ~34-degrees with respect to the component spins. These simulations show for the first time how the spins are reoriented during the final stage of binary black hole mergers verifying the hypothesis of the spin-flip phenomenon. We also compute the track of the holes before merger and observe a precession of the orbital plane with frequency similar to the orbital frequency and amplitude increasing with time.Comment: Revtex4, 17 figures, 14 pages. Accepted for publication in PR

Global status of groundfish stocks

We review the status of groundfish stocks using published scientific assessments for 349 individual stocks constituting 90% of global groundfish catch. Overall, average stock abundance is increasing and is currently above the level that would produce maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Fishing pressure for cod-like fishes (Gadiformes) and flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) was, for several decades, on average well above levels associated with MSY, but is now at or below the level expected to produce MSY. In contrast, fishing pressure for rockfishes (Scorpaeniformes) decreased from near MSY-related levels in the mid-1990s, and since the mid-2000s has remained on average at only one third of MSY-related levels. Regions with the most depressed groundfish stocks are the Northwest Atlantic and the Pacific coast of South America, while stocks from the Northeast and Eastern Central Pacific, Northeast Atlantic, Southeast Atlantic and Southwest Pacific tend to have greatest average abundance relative to MSY-based reference points. In the most recent year available for each stock, the catch was only 61% of MSY. Equilibrium yield curves indicate that 76% of global potential groundfish yield could be achieved using current estimates of fishing pressure. 15% of this is lost by excess fishing pressure, 67% results from lower than optimal fishing pressure on healthy stocks and 18% is lost from stocks currently overfished but rebuilding. Thus, there is modest opportunity to increase catch of global groundfish fisheries by reducing overfishing on some stocks, but more by increasing harvest on others. However, there may be other reasons not to fully exploit these stocks.Fil: Hilborn, Ray. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Hively, Daniel J.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Baker Loke, Nicole. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: de Moor, Carryn L.. University Of Cape Town; SudáfricaFil: Kurota, Hiroyuki. Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency; JapónFil: Kathena, Johannes N.. Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources; NamibiaFil: Mace, Pamela M.. Ministry for Primary Industries; Nueva ZelandaFil: Minto, Cóilín. Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology; IrlandaFil: Parma, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Quiroz, Juan-Carlos. Instituto de Fomento Pesquero; ChileFil: Melnychuk, Michael C.. University of Washington; Estados Unido

Nível de atividade física em trabalhadores das fábricas de Ubá-MG

Objective: To evaluate the level of daily/weekly PA in workers from a city in the interior of Minas Gerais, and to relate it to anthropometric and pressure parameters. Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted between March and August 2019, with 128 workers from the furniture pole of Ubá-MG. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was applied in its short version. The anthropometric (body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio and fat percentage) and pressure evaluation of the evaluated subjects was performed. Results: By IPAQ, around 60% of the evaluated individuals presented satisfactory PA level, Active or Very Active. Most of the others were classified as sedentary (17.2%). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed a difference between the active / very active groups [SBP: 120,00 (100-180) mmHg; PAD: 80,00 (60-120) mmHg] and insufficient. active/sedentary [PAS: 120,00 (90-180) mmHg; PAD: 80,00 (60-120) mmHg]. However, the level of PA was not associated with overweight (BMI > 25 Kg/m²) and hypertension. Conclusion: The workers had a regular number of insufficiently active and sedentary, but this was not related to the anthropometric and pressure variables.Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de AF diário/semanal em trabalhadores de uma cidade no interior de Minas Gerais, e relacionar com parâmetros antropométricos e pressóricos. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo observacional com um delineamento transversal, entre março e agosto de 2019, com 128 trabalhadores do polo moveleiro de Ubá-MG. Foi aplicado o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), em sua versão curta. E realizada a avaliação antropométrica (índice de massa corporal (IMC), relação cintura quadril e percentual de gordura) e pressórica dos avaliados. Resultados: Pelo IPAQ, em torno de 60% dos avaliados apresentaram nível de AF satisfatório, Ativo ou Muito Ativo. O restante dos avaliados foi, em maioria, classificado como sedentário (17,2%). A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) apresentaram diferença entre os grupos de ativos/muito ativos [PAS: 120,00 (100-180) mmHg; PAD: 80,00 (60-120) mmHg] e insuficiente ativos/sedentários [PAS: 120,00 (90-180) mmHg; PAD: 80,00 (60-120) mmHg]. Porém, o nível de AF não se associou com o excesso de peso (IMC > 25 Kg/m²) e hipertensão arterial. Conclusão: Os trabalhadores apresentaram um número regular de insuficientemente ativos e sedentários, porém este não se relacionou com as variáveis antropométricas e pressóricas.

Development of an International Odor Identification Test for Children: The Universal Sniff Test

Objective: To assess olfactory function in children and to create and validate an odor identification test to diagnose olfactory dysfunction in children, which we called the Universal Sniff (U-Sniff) test.  Study design: This is a multicenter study involving 19 countries. The U-Sniff test was developed in 3 phases including 1760 children age 5-7 years. Phase 1: identification of potentially recognizable odors; phase 2: selection of odorants for the odor identification test; and phase 3: evaluation of the test and acquisition of normative data. Test—retest reliability was evaluated in a subgroup of children (n = 27), and the test was validated using children with congenital anosmia (n = 14).  Results: Twelve odors were familiar to children and, therefore, included in the U-Sniff test. Children scored a mean ± SD of 9.88 ± 1.80 points out of 12. Normative data was obtained and reported for each country. The U-Sniff test demonstrated a high test—retest reliability (r27 = 0.83, P < .001) and enabled discrimination between normosmia and children with congenital anosmia with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 86%.  Conclusions: The U-Sniff is a valid and reliable method of testing olfaction in children and can be used internationally

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P &lt; 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Cardiopoietic cell therapy for advanced ischemic heart failure: results at 39 weeks of the prospective, randomized, double blind, sham-controlled CHART-1 clinical trial

Cardiopoietic cells, produced through cardiogenic conditioning of patients' mesenchymal stem cells, have shown preliminary efficacy. The Congestive Heart Failure Cardiopoietic Regenerative Therapy (CHART-1) trial aimed to validate cardiopoiesis-based biotherapy in a larger heart failure cohort

Recursos y acciones contra una sentencia penal arbitrária: valoración de las pruebas: fundamentos de la sentencia: argumentos: medios de impugnación: recursos: casación; inconstitucionalidad; revisión: derechos humanos: acceso ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra. STJ00091409 343.153(82) P253r (2011