Exotic Smooth Structures on Small 4-Manifolds

Let M be either CP^2#3CP^2bar or 3CP^2#5CP^2bar. We construct the first example of a simply-connected symplectic 4-manifold that is homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to M.Comment: 11 page

Practical application of equivalent linearization approaches to nonlinear piping systems

The use of mechanical energy absorbers as an alternative to conventional hydraulic and mechanical snubbers for piping supports has attracted a wide interest among researchers and practitioners in the nuclear industry. The basic design concept of energy absorbers (EA) is to dissipate the vibration energy of piping systems through nonlinear hysteretic actions of EA!s under design seismic loads. Therefore, some type of nonlinear analysis needs to be performed in the seismic design of piping systems with EA supports. The equivalent linearization approach (ELA) can be a practical analysis tool for this purpose, particularly when the response approach (RSA) is also incorporated in the analysis formulations. In this paper, the following ELA/RSA methods are presented and compared to each other regarding their practice and numerical accuracy: Response approach using the square root of sum of squares (SRSS) approximation (denoted RS in this paper). Classical ELA based on modal combinations and linear random vibration theory (denoted CELA in this paper). Stochastic ELA based on direct solution of response covariance matrix (denoted SELA in this paper). New algorithms to convert response spectra to the equivalent power spectral density (PSD) functions are presented for both the above CELA and SELA methods. The numerical accuracy of the three EL are studied through a parametric error analysis. Finally, the practicality of the presented analysis is demonstrated in two application examples for piping systems with EA supports

Simultaneous Improvement in the Strength and Formability of Commercially Pure Titanium via Twinning-induced Crystallographic Texture Control

The rolling texture formed in the conventional cold rolling process of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) for producing a metal sheet significantly limits the potential applications of CP-Ti sheets in various industrial sectors by impairing the formability. Here, we report that by exploiting a twinning-induced crystallographic texture modification, the rolling texture can be weakened and dispersed effectively, leading to a simultaneous improvement in the formability and yield strength. A two-stage cold rolling process was designed with intermediate annealing at a late stage of the conventional cold rolling process to generate deformation twins. The intermediate annealing drove the activation of {11 (2) over bar2} twin and {11 (2) over bar2}-{10 (1) over bar2} double twin in the second stage of the rolling process by removing the internal reaction stress developed in the first stage of the rolling process through recrystallization, and the crystallographic feature of the {1122} twinned region, i.e., {11 (2) over bar2} twin texture, was effective for type slips and {10 (1) over bar2} twinning to accommodate a through-thickness strain as well as for reducing the planar anisotropy. This enhanced thinning capability and reduced planar anisotropy in the {11 (2) over bar2} twin texture led to an improvement of the formability. We demonstrated the feasibility of the suggested two-stage cold rolling process with ASTM grade 2 CP-Ti.11Ysciescopu

Evaluation of fermented whole crop wheat and barley feeding on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal volatile fatty acid emission, blood constituents, and faecal microbiota in growing pigs

This study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding diets with fermented whole crop wheat (FWW) and fermented whole crop barley (FWB) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood constituents, faecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) emission and faecal microbiota in growing pigs. A total of 200 growing pigs were randomly allotted to five treatments with eight replicates per treatment and five pigs per replicate. Dietary treatments consisted of i) CON (basal diet), ii) 0.5% FWW (CON + 0.5% fermented whole crop wheat), iii) 1.0% FWW (CON + 1.0% fermented whole crop wheat), iv) 0.5% FWB (CON + 0.5% fermented whole crop barley), and v) 1.0% FWB (CON + 1.0% fermented whole crop barley). The digestibility of total dietary fibre was significantly higher in pigs fed FWW diets. The faecal emissions of VFA of pigs fed the fermented treatments was increased significantly compared with CON. Concentrations of cortisol and triglyceride in blood of pigs fed 1.0% FWW were significantly lower than pigs fed CON diets. The pigs fed 1.0% FWB diets had a significantly decreased level of total cholesterol in blood compared with CON. In conclusion, the current results indicated that diets supplemented with FWW and FWB could increase faecal VFA emission and reduce concentration of triglyceride and cortisol, while 0.5% and 1.0% FWW had no negative effects on growth performance, and could increase digestibility of dietary fibre in growing pigs.Keywords: Dietary fibre, faecal short-chain fatty acid emissions, fermented feed, serum parameter, swin

Understanding seismic design criteria for Japanese nuclear power plants

This paper summarizes the results of recent survey studies on the seismic design practice for nuclear power plants in Japan. The seismic design codes and standards for both nuclear as well as non-nuclear structures have been reviewed and summarized. Some key documents for understanding Japanese seismic design criteria are also listed with brief descriptions. The paper highlights the design criteria to determine the seismic demand and component capacity in comparison with US criteria, the background studies which have led to the current Japanese design criteria, and a survey of current research activities. More detailed technical descriptions are presented on the development of Japanese shear wall equations, design requirements for containment structures, and ductility requirements

Magnetic moment of hyperons in nuclear matter by using quark-meson coupling models

We calculate the magnetic moments of hyperons in dense nuclear matter by using relativistic quark models. Hyperons are treated as MIT bags, and the interactions are considered to be mediated by the exchange of scalar and vector mesons which are approximated as mean fields. Model dependence is investigated by using the quark-meson coupling model and the modified quark-meson coupling model; in the former the bag constant is independent of density and in the latter it depends on density. Both models give us the magnitudes of the magnetic moments increasing with density for most octet baryons. But there is a considerable model dependence in the values of the magnetic moments in dense medium. The magnetic moments at the nuclear saturation density calculated by the quark meson coupling model are only a few percents larger than those in free space, but the magnetic moments from the modified quark meson coupling model increase more than 10% for most hyperons. The correlations between the bag radius of hyperons and the magnetic moments of hyperons in dense matter are discussed.Comment: substantial changes in the text, submitted to PL

Exotic smooth structures on 4-manifolds with zero signature

For every integer $k\geq 2$, we construct infinite families of mutually nondiffeomorphic irreducible smooth structures on the topological $4$-manifolds $(2k-1)(S^2\times S^2)$ and (2k-1)(\CP#\CPb), the connected sums of $2k-1$ copies of $S^2\times S^2$ and \CP#\CPb.Comment: 6 page

Effects of various additives to enhance growth performance, blood profiles, and reduce malodour emissions in growing pigs

Experiment 1 was a feeding trial in which 75 (Landrace ⅹ Yorkshire) ⅹ Duroc pigs with average initial bodyweight (BW) of 26 ± 1 kg were used. It was assigned to three pigs/pen and five pens/treatment. Experiment 2 was a metabolic trial in which 25 (LandraceⅹYorkshire)ⅹDuroc pigs with average initial bodyweight (BW) of 36 ± 1 kg were used. The basal diet consisted of maize (57.71 %), soybean meal (32.45 %), and wheat bran (5 %). Treatments consisted of i) CON (control diet); ii) OE (organic acid + essential oils) (Aviplus-S®), that is, CON + 0.05 % OE; iii) OC (organic charcoal) (Olga Black®), that is, CON + 0.1 % OC; iv) AE (anise extracts) (RESQ®), that is, CON + 0.015 % AE; and v) PB (probiotics) (Bonvital®), that is, CON + 0.1 % PB. Average daily gain (ADG) and gain/feed ratio (G : F) were significantly higher in the OE and AE groups than in the others. Average daily feed intake (ADFI) for OE, OC, and AE treatments was significantly higher than that for CON and PB treatments. Dry matter (DM) digestibility was significantly higher in AE than CON. Crude protein (CP) was significantly higher in OE, AE, and PB than CON. CON and other treatments did not cause significant differences in blood l-density lipoprotein (LDL), and glucose. NH3 emissions were significantly lower in all treated groups than in CON. Among the treatments, NH3 emissions were lowest in OE and AE. H2S emissions were significantly lower in OE, AE, and PB than in CON. Among the treatments, OE and AE were most effective at reducing H2S emissions. The emissions of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) showed no significant difference between treatments and CON. In conclusion, this experiment was shown to be more effective on growth performance, malodour emission, blood profiles, and nutrient digestibility in OE and AE than other additives.Keywords: Digestibility, feed, influence, odour, supplementation, swin

Optimal conclusive teleportation of a d-dimensional unknown state

We formulate a conclusive teleportation protocol for a system in d-dimensional Hilbert space utilizing the positive operator valued measurement at the sending station. The conclusive teleportation protocol ensures some perfect teleportation events when the channel is only partially entangled, at the expense of lowering the overall average fidelity. We find the change of the fidelity as optimizing the conclusive teleportation events and discuss how much information remains in the inconclusive parts of the teleportation.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure; figure correcte