Fitting a Model to Students' Cognitive engagement: A Step Towards Accountable Education in Medical Education

Introduction: Motivation is one of the most important effective factors in learning. It can lead to long-lasting learning in connection with identity. Creating an appropriate setting for development and actualization of students with different Scientific, social and cultural abilities is one of the accountable education package’s The Health System Evaluation Plan. Whereas emotion regulation and management is one of the important needs of students and empowering them in this field is a necessity. Method: Present study is a kind of non-experimental design. To speak more precisely, it is a type of correlations design which has analyzed a structural pattern of variables relationship, done in 2016 in Sabzevar university of medical Sciences, 720 students was selected using multistage cluster sampling as  the sample group  and employed Berzonsky’s identity style Inventory (ISI-3), achievement goals scale of Midgley et al(PALS), and motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Data was analyzed using path analysis. Results: nformational identity style has both direct and indirect effect (through the intervening role of mastery goals) on cognitive engagement (P<0.01). Normative identity style has an effect The path from diffuse-avoidant identity style to performance-avoidance goals was excluded from fitted model, fitted model predicts 41% of cognitive engagement. Conclusion: Inorder to improve learning, cognitive engagement (mental efforts) can be targeted using motivational and identity variables

Fitting a Model to Students' Cognitive engagement: A Step Towards Accountable Education in Medical Education

Introduction: Motivation is one of the most important effective factors in learning. It can lead to long-lasting learning in connection with identity. Creating an appropriate setting for development and actualization of students with different Scientific, social and cultural abilities is one of the accountable education package’s The Health System Evaluation Plan. Whereas emotion regulation and management is one of the important needs of students and empowering them in this field is a necessity. Method: Present study is a kind of non-experimental design. To speak more precisely, it is a type of correlations design which has analyzed a structural pattern of variables relationship, done in 2016 in Sabzevar university of medical Sciences, 720 students was selected using multistage cluster sampling as  the sample group  and employed Berzonsky’s identity style Inventory (ISI-3), achievement goals scale of Midgley et al(PALS), and motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Data was analyzed using path analysis. Results: nformational identity style has both direct and indirect effect (through the intervening role of mastery goals) on cognitive engagement (P<0.01). Normative identity style has an effect The path from diffuse-avoidant identity style to performance-avoidance goals was excluded from fitted model, fitted model predicts 41% of cognitive engagement. Conclusion: Inorder to improve learning, cognitive engagement (mental efforts) can be targeted using motivational and identity variables

Gene expression profiling in the rat motor cortex after motor skill training

Fine motor skills are learned through repetitive practice and once learned, last for a long time. Skilled reaching is linked to structural and functional changes in multiple brain regions including, in particular, the primary motor cortex. Previous studies demonstrated that fine motor skill learning is associated with cortical synaptogenesis and motor map reorganization. At present, studies have implicated an indispensable role of epigenetic alterations in both hippocampal- and striatal-dependent memory formations, while examinations into the epigenetic changes in the primary motor cortex are lacking. The current study was aimed to identify epigenetic changes in motor cortex as a result of extensive motor skill learning using the single pellet skilled reaching task. Male Wistar rats were trained in the single pellet skilled reaching task (n = 6) for 10 consecutive days or were, under similar conditions, given access to pellets that did not require skilled reaches (n = 6). Skilled motor trained rats exhibited a rapid increase in successful reaches during the first four days of motor training before reaching a plateau, indicative of the acquisition and consolidation of the learned task, respectively. Expression profiles of chromatin modifying enzymes were screened using epigenetic-targeted PCR arrays. Results suggest that gene expression levels of multiple chromatin regulatory enzymes were down-regulated in the motor cortex of trained animals compared to controls following 10 days of motor training in the skilled reaching task. Among the chromatin modifying enzymes, the transcription level of Smyd1 (SET and MYND domain containing 1; NM_001106595) was lower (-2.17 fold-change) in motor cortex after 10 days of training compared to controls. Our results point to an epigenetic regulation of chromatin modification markers in the primary motor cortex that possibly underlie the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis and the formation of procedural memory

Study on cytotoxic activity of chloroformic fractions from Astraceae family on a number of cancer cell lines

Cancer is considered as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The standard treatments of cancer are surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It is significant that a number of currently used anti-cancer agents are derived from natural sources, including plants, marine organisms and micro-organisms. In Iran, because of its climate diversity numerous varieties of plants can grow. Many of these plants such as Glycyrrhizaglabra, Foeniculumvulgare and Polygonumspecies have shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Asteraceae or Compositae family is famous for its tranquilizing effect, antifungal and cytotoxic activities. In frame of an ethnopharmacological project, local healers of some provinces of north east of Iran were interviewed by using questionnaire forms and could identify a number of herbs mainly from Astraceae family which are used for treatment traditionally in some areas of northern part of Iran. To screen the anti cancer effects of plants from this family, plants  were collected and extraction was done by using methanol maceration and finally extracts were tested for their toxicity toward a number of cancer cell lines by performing colorimetric cytotoxicity assay, extracts with high toxicity were sent for fractionation. The current study was aimed to identify the possible cytotoxic effect of two chloroformic fractions from Asteraceae family on four cancer cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, MN1 and MDD2) by using MTT colorimetric cytotoxicity assay. Results suggest that following 72 hours exposure, both fractions exhibited a substantial antiproliferative effect in all four tested cell lines. Moreover, concentration range for inducing 50% of cell death (IC50%) was determined. Our results point to a robust inhibitory effect of chloroformic fractions specifically toward HeLa cancer cell lines. These plants represent valuable resources for the development of potential anticancer agents

Fitting a Model to Students' Cognitive engagement: A Step Towards Accountable Education in Medical Education

Introduction: Motivation is one of the most important effective factors in learning. It can lead to long-lasting learning in connection with identity. Creating an appropriate setting for development and actualization of students with different Scientific, social and cultural abilities is one of the accountable education package’s The Health System Evaluation Plan. Whereas emotion regulation and management is one of the important needs of students and empowering them in this field is a necessity. Method: Present study is a kind of non-experimental design. To speak more precisely, it is a type of correlations design which has analyzed a structural pattern of variables relationship, done in 2016 in Sabzevar university of medical Sciences, 720 students was selected using multistage cluster sampling as  the sample group  and employed Berzonsky’s identity style Inventory (ISI-3), achievement goals scale of Midgley et al(PALS), and motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Data was analyzed using path analysis. Results: nformational identity style has both direct and indirect effect (through the intervening role of mastery goals) on cognitive engagement (P<0.01). Normative identity style has an effect The path from diffuse-avoidant identity style to performance-avoidance goals was excluded from fitted model, fitted model predicts 41% of cognitive engagement. Conclusion: Inorder to improve learning, cognitive engagement (mental efforts) can be targeted using motivational and identity variables.Introducción: La motivación es uno de los factores efectivos más importantes en el aprendizaje. Puede conducir a un aprendizaje duradero en relación con la identidad. La creación de un entorno apropiado para el desarrollo y la actualización de estudiantes con diferentes habilidades científicas, sociales y culturales es uno de los planes de evaluación del sistema de salud del paquete educativo responsable. Considerando que la regulación y el manejo de las emociones es una de las necesidades importantes de los estudiantes y empoderarlos en este campo es una necesidad. Método: El presente estudio es una especie de diseño no experimental. Para hablar más precisamente, se trata de un tipo de diseño de correlaciones que ha analizado un patrón estructural de relación de variables, realizado en 2016 en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Sabzevar, se seleccionaron 720 estudiantes utilizando un muestreo por conglomerados multietapa como grupo muestral y emplearon el Inventario de estilos de identidad de Berzonsky. (ISI-3), escala de metas de logro de Midgley et al (PALS) y cuestionario de estrategias motivadas para el aprendizaje (MSLQ). Los datos se analizaron mediante análisis de ruta. Resultados: el estilo de identidad informacional tiene un efecto directo e indirecto (a través del papel intermedio de las metas de dominio) sobre el compromiso cognitivo (P <0.01). El estilo de identidad normativo tiene un efecto El camino desde el estilo de identidad de evitación difusa hasta las metas de evitación del desempeño se excluyó del modelo ajustado, el modelo ajustado predice el 41% de compromiso cognitivo. Conclusión: Con el fin de mejorar el aprendizaje, el compromiso cognitivo (esfuerzos mentales) puede enfocarse utilizando variables motivacionales e identitarias

A staghorn kidney stone or extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the kidney? A case report and literature review

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a very rare entity among renal malignancies. There are few reports of renal ESOS in the database. Renal ESOS was found to have a high rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis. In most reports, the overall survival of patients was less than 1 year. We present a 51-year-old man who presented with gross hematuria and a clinical diagnosis of a staghorn stone in the left kidney. He underwent radical nephrectomy. The pathologic diagnosis of osteosarcoma was evident

Renal vein thrombosis due to metastatic germ cell tumor, report of a case with a very rare clinical scenario

Abstract Background Renal metastasis is a rare manifestation of germ cell tumors. Extension of malignant lesions into the renal vein can complicate the scenario. Case This report presents a 35‐year‐old man with primary stage IS NSGCT. Fourteen months after radical orchiectomy he presented with metastasis in the lung, kidney, and para‐aortic lymph nodes. He received multiple lines of salvage treatments including chemotherapy and surgery. Intraoperative exploration during radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy revealed intra‐renal vein involvement with a prominent teratomatous component. Conclusion Defining the exact extent of malignant lesions, especially endovascular lesions, is very important to clarify how advanced the malignant lesions are. The surgeons must be aware of the risk factors that predict vascular involvement, and therefore, providing intraoperative access to vascular surgery procedures when needed

A Novel Prokaryotic Green Fluorescent Protein Expression System for Testing Gene Editing Tools Activity Like Zinc Finger Nuclease

Background: Gene editing technology has created a revolution in the field of genome editing. The three of the most famous tools in gene editing technology are zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and CRISPR-associated systems. As their predictable nature, it is necessary to assess their efficiency. There are some methods for this purpose, but most of them are time labor and complicated. Here, we introduce a new prokaryotic reporter system, which makes it possible to evaluate the efficiency of gene editing tools faster, cheaper, and simpler than previous methods. Materials and Methods: At first, the target sites of a custom ZFN, which is designed against a segment of ampicillin resistance gene, were cloned on both sides of green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene to construct pPRO-GFP. Then pPRO-GFP was transformed into Escherichia coli TOP10F' that contains pZFN (contains expression cassette of a ZFN against ampicillin resistant gene), or p15A-KanaR as a negative control. The transformed bacteria were cultured on three separate media that contained ampicillin, kanamycin, and ampicillin + kanamycin; then the resulted colonies were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: The results of flow cytometry showed a significant difference between the case (bacteria contain pZFN) and control (bacteria contain p15A, KanaR) in MFI (Mean Fluorescence Intensity) (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: According to ZFN efficiency, it can bind and cut the target sites, the bilateral cutting can affect the intensity of GFP fluorescence. Our flow cytometry results showed that this ZFN could reduce the intensity of GFP color and colony count of bacteria in media containing amp + kana versus control sample