Questioning the algorithmic transparency of location-based platforms

In the platform society algorithms are perceived as ‘black boxes’ (Pasquale, 2015) and users have only a vague understanding of the criteria they adopt to select information. Location-based platforms algorithms influence the visibility of different points of interest (POI), thus shaping the user interaction with venues and places.    The paper adapts the Diakopoulos and Koliska model (2017) and presents a new framework for analyzing the algorithmic transparency of location-based platforms. Research questions are the following: RQ1) How location-based platforms communicate algorithmic transparency?; RQ2) Which are the most relevant dimensions they take into consideration (data, model, inference, interface)?; RQ3) How platforms communicate transparency toward different targets (i.e. consumers and suppliers)? Following Rader, Cotter and Cho (2018) we expect location-based platforms are less transparent about the data they manage and about their model they use and more transparent about the inferences. Moreover, we expect location-based platforms are more transparent toward suppliers rather than consumers.   The paper analyzes how 3 very popular location-based platforms (Google Maps, Tripadvisor and Instagram) disclose algorithmic transparency as it emerges from the analysis of ‘extant’ online data officially released (policies, guidelines, and tutorials) and from the analysis of the platforms’ mobile interface. The analysis revealed platforms are less transparent about the data they manage and model they use, and more transparent, only toward suppliers, about the inferences they propose. Moreover, location-based platforms are more transparent toward suppliers rather than consumers; indeed, commercial interests favours the algorithmic transparency and visibility of location-based content

Supposed trans-Atlantic migration of Heterostegina around the Eocene/Oligocene boundary

According to our hypothesis, Heterostegina ocalana migrated eastward through the previously much narrower Atlantic Ocean around the Eocene/Oligocene boundary. Sporadic populations of H. n. sp., its phylogenetic successor, survived in the western part of the Neotethys until the end of the Rupelian, when they became extinct

From rural house to “villa of delights”: knowledge and conservation of Villa Murat in the Sorrento peninsula

[EN] Thanks to an innovative territorial plan, drafted with the coordination of Roberto Pane and Luigi Piccinato and approved in 1987, many exceptional examples of vernacular architecture have been preserved in the Sorrento peninsula. Some of these, initially built as rural houses inserted in agricultural estates, have been transformed over the centuries by subsequent aggregation of volumes, into more complex structures, in which agricultural and residential usage have long coexisted. This is what happened to Villa Rossi, later known as Villa Murat, in the municipality of Massa Lubrense: an initial nucleus, dating back to the 17th century, was expanded during the following century, adding volumes and regularizing an initially spontaneous architecture. Despite such transformations, Villa Murat still retains some constructive features which are typical of vernacular architecture of the Sorrento and Amalfi coasts, such as extradosed vaults covered with beaten lapillus or the loggias facing the sea. The villa, which in the meantime had become property of the Rossi family, intertwined major historical events at the beginning of the 19th century, having become the headquarters of king Gioacchino Murat - hence its name - during the “Capture of Capri” against the British in 1808. Villa Murat, located in the quiet hamlet called Annunziata, away from the centres that have undergone major alterations, has still been preserved almost intact, even in the architectural surfaces, both the internal and external ones. For this reason a thorough research was possible, also thanks to an integrated survey with both aerial and terrestrial photogrammetry and laser scanning. The final aim, as the paper will show, is to develop a conservative design proposal, with targeted actions of conservation of architectural surfaces and structural consolidation, that will allow to keep the physical integrity of the villa and its authenticity without giving up a possible but compatible enhancement.Pane, A.; Catuogno, R.; Parente, M. (2022). From rural house to “villa of delights”: knowledge and conservation of Villa Murat in the Sorrento peninsula. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 889-896. https://doi.org/10.4995/HERITAGE2022.2022.1436688989

High Resolution Satellite Images to Reconstruct Recent Evolution of Domitian Coastline

In the last decades, combinations of natural and human factors have resulted in extensive morphological changes to our coastlines and in many cases have amplified erosion. In order to limit these changes and their impact on coastal zone, it is important to plan specific actions; for this purpose detailed cognizance of coastal zone is necessary. Different and heterogeneous data such as historical and recent maps, remotely sensed images and topographic survey result very useful to reconstruct temporal shoreline changes. In this study the attention is focalized on Domitian coastal zone (Italy), which is one of the most emblematic examples of coastal erosion in Europe. Study of the shoreline evolution in this area between 1876 and 2005 was used as the starting point of the present paper that investigates over a span of seven years (2005 to 2012), by using remotely sensed data. The aim is to adapt and integrate geomatics techniques to transform very high resolution satellite images in powerful tools to analyse coastline changes. So, in order to identify eroded and added areas, IKONOS-2 (2005), GeoEye-1 (2011) and WorldView-2 (2012) imageries are compared. These data-sets were re-georeferred to improve the positional accuracy. More over Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was applied to pan-sharpened multispectral images to facilitate coastline vectorising at the same geometric resolution of panchromatic data. In addition, variance propagation was considered to establish the accuracy of the reconstruction of coastal evolution. Added and eroded areas were defined and related to the impact of the defence structures that were built in this zone in 2011

Numerical study of the three-folded effect of steam dilution on hydrogen ignition in a RCM with detailed kinetics

Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution (MILD) regime is a promising candidate for combustion future, since it meets the nowadays requested criteria for fuel flexibility, efficiency and inhibition of pollutant formation, such as NOx and soot. This regime is obtained through preheating of the oxidizer flow, and a specific internal aerodynamic of the burner in conjunction with high velocity inlet, which is responsible for flue gases recirculation and turbulent mixing. This results in a localized reduction of O2, and a strongly diluted fuel mixture, leading to delayed ignition and to a homogeneous as well as distributed reaction zone. In the last years, hydrogen has attracted great attention as Energy Carrier for its storage opportunity and the absence of the pollutant (CO2, SOx and UHC) among its products. Its importance will increase within the next years. Its usage as an enrichment for methane, has been investigated for MILD condition in a Jet in hot coflow burner. In particular, A. Parente et al. [4] concluded that the hydrogen addition leads to complex oxidation behaviors, which requests detailed kinetics for a full phenomenon description. In fact, MILD combustion is characterized by a low Damköhler numbers regime, and the presence of a relevant amount of diluent make the mixing and the chemistry time scales overlap. For this reason, the kinetic mechanism, which were validated using conventional combustion data, usually accomplish a non-accurate estimation for these, conditions. According to Koroglu et al., diluents like CO2, and H2O exert a three-folded effect on the system, namely thermal (like N2 does), indirect and direct participation to single kinetic steps, as a collider and a reactant, respectively. However, we are far away from having a clear insight into the role of such species in MILD combustion, especially for Ignition delay time, one of the most important kinetic parameters in MILD combustion, along with the maximum temperature. Different experimental studies faced the H2/Oxidizer/Steam mixtures combustion in canonical reactors, namely: Wang et al. and Vasu et al. using a shock tube reactor, while Das et al., and Donohoe et al.. Recently, Shareh et al. studied the three-folded effect of CO2 dilution on methane flame speed for oxyfule combustion performing a fake species analysis (FSA). The aim of this work is to understand what is the steam dilution driving effect, for hydrogen ignition using the latter FSA approach for high Temperatures

Coastline extraction using high resolution WorldView-2 satellite imagery

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to remark possibilities to use WorldView-2 imagery for coastline extraction. Applications are conducted on a Phlegrean area in the Campania Region (Italy): the considered range of coastline is particularly interesting because it shows two typologies of shoreline including reefs interspersed with segments of sandy beach. Two indices are used: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI).To enhance geometric resolution of the results pan-sharpening is applied so as to obtain maps with the same pixel dimensions of the panchromatic data. To solve the problem of thresholds determination that typically affects the classification, Maximum Likelihood method based on training sites is adopted to distinguish bare soil and sea water. Best results are given by NDWI and, comparing the resultant coastline with that obtained with visual interpretation of images, shifts of less than 1 m outcome from pan-sharpened data

the complement system in aspergillus fumigatus infections and its crosstalk with pentraxins

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Neuronutraceuticals Modulate Lipopolysaccharide- or Amyloid-β 1-42 Peptide-Induced Transglutaminase 2 Overexpression as a Marker of Neuroinflammation in Mouse Microglial Cells

Background: Tissue type 2 Transglutaminase (TG2, E.C. 2.3.2,13) is reported to be involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in mouse microglial BV2 cells and peripheral macrophages. In this study, by using Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or Amyloid-beta 1-42 (Abeta 1-42) peptide-stimulated mi-croglial cell line BV2 and mouse primary microglial cells, we examined the effects of different neuronutraceutical compounds, such as Curcumin (Cu) and N-Palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), known for their anti-inflammatory activity, on TG2 and several inflammatory or neuroprotective biomarkers expressions. Methods: Mouse BV2 cells were treated with LPS or Abeta1-42 in presence of Curcumin or PEA, in order to evaluate the expression of TG2 and other inflammatory or neuro-protective markers by RealTime PCR and Western Blot analyses. Results: Curcumin and PEA were capable to reduce TG2 expression in mouse microglial cells during co-treatment with LPS or Abeta 1-42. Conclusions: The results show the role of TG2 as an important marker of neuroinflamma-tion and suggest a possible use of Curcumin and PEA, in order to reduce LPS- or Abeta1-42-induced TG2 overexpression in mouse microglial cells

Ribosome-inactivating and adenine polynucleotide glycosylase activities in Mirabilis jalapa L. tissues.

Several tissues of Mirabilis jalapa L. (Nyctaginaceae) were assayed for inhibition of translation by a rabbit reticulocyte lysate (as a signal of ribosome-inactivating activity) and for adenine DNA glycosylase activity, activities that are both due to the presence of a class of enzymes called ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs), currently classified as rRNA N-glycosylases (EC ). These activities were highest in seed; intermediate in flower bud, immature seed, sepal + gynoecium, leaf, and root; and very low in all other tissues. By cation-exchange chromatography, four protein peaks with inhibitory activity on cell-free translation were identified in extracts from seeds, and two proteins were isolated from peaks 1 and 4, all of which have the properties of single-chain type 1 RIP. One is Mirabilis antiviral protein (MAP), so far purified only from roots. The second is a new protein that we propose to call MAP-4. The distribution of MAP and MAP-4 in several tissues was determined with a novel experimental approach based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The direct enzymatic activity of MAP on several substrates is described here for the first time. MAP depurinated not only rRNA in intact ribosomes, thus inhibiting protein synthesis, but also other polynucleotides such as poly(A), DNA, and tobacco mosaic virus RNA. Autologous DNA was depurinated more extensively than other polynucleotides. Therefore, the enzymatic activity of this protein may be better described as adenine polynucleotide glycosylase activity rather than rRNA N-glycosylase activity. Finally, MAP does not cross-react immunologically with other commonly utilized RIPs

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM MANUAL VIRTUAL EDUCATIVO DE ENFERMAGEM PARA ALTA HOSPITALAR DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO ESPECIALIZADA EM CARDIOPNEUMOLOGIA: PROTOCOLO DE REVISÃO DE ESCOPO

Objective: To perform a scoping review protocol to map scientific evidence on the construction of an educational manual for hospital discharge of patients from a cardiopulmonary referral hospital. Method: The protocol used the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers, Manual 2020 (JBS), which establishes the five phases 1) identification of the research question; 2) identification of relevant studies; 3) study selection; 4) data mapping; and 5) grouping, summarizing, and reporting of results. The PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA Extension for ScopingReviews). The selection of studies will be made by two researchers independently. The RYANN software will be used to interpret the results. Then, frequency analysis of words and the connection between them, that is, Bardin's thematic analysis. The expectation of this study is to identify scientific evidence that can subsidize the research question and contribute to a reflexive analysis of the theme.Objetivo: Realizar un protocolo de revisión de alcance para mapear la evidencia científica sobre la construcción de un manual educativo para el alta hospitalaria de pacientes de un hospital de referencia cardiopulmonar. Método: El protocolo utilizó el método propuesto por el Instituto Joanna Briggs Revisores, Manual 2020 (JBS), que establece las cinco fases 1) identificación de la pregunta de investigación; 2) identificación de estudios relevantes; 3) selección de estudios; 4) mapeo de datos; y 5) agrupación, resumen y reporte de resultados. El PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reseñas). La selección de los estudios será realizada por dos investigadores de forma independiente. Para la interpretación de los resultados se utilizará el software RYANN. A continuación, el análisis de la frecuencia de las palabras y la conexión entre ellas, es decir, el análisis temático de Bardin. La expectativa de este estudio es identificar pruebas científicas que puedan subvencionar la pregunta de investigación y contribuir al análisis reflexivo sobre el tema.Objetivo: realizar um protocolo de revisão de escopo para mapear evidências científicas sobre a construção de um manual educativo para a alta hospitalar de pacientes de um hospital de referência cardiopulmonar. Método: O protocolo utilizou o método proposto pelo Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers, Manual 2020 (JBS), que estabelece as cinco fases 1) identificação da questão de pesquisa; 2) identificação dos estudos relevantes; 3) seleção de estudo; 4) mapeamento dos dados; e 5) agrupamento, resumo e relato dos resultados. Para elaboração da síntese de revisão seguir-se-ão recomendações do checklist PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA Extension for ScopingReviews). A seleção dos estudos será feita por dois pesquisadores de forma independente. Para a interpretação dos resultados, utilizar-se-á do software RYANN. Em seguida, análise de frequência das palavras e a conexão entre elas, ou seja, análise temática de Bardin. A expectativa deste estudo é identificar evidências científicas que possam subsidiar a questão da pesquisa e colaborar para análise reflexiva sobre o tema.Objetivo: realizar um protocolo de revisão de escopo para mapear evidências científicas sobre a construção de um manual educativo para a alta hospitalar de pacientes de um hospital de referência cardiopulmonar. Método: O protocolo utilizou o método proposto pelo Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers, Manual 2020 (JBS), que estabelece as cinco fases 1) identificação da questão de pesquisa; 2) identificação dos estudos relevantes; 3) seleção de estudo; 4) mapeamento dos dados; e 5) agrupamento, resumo e relato dos resultados. Para elaboração da síntese de revisão seguir-se-ão recomendações do checklist PRISMA-ScR (PRISMA Extension for ScopingReviews). A seleção dos estudos será feita por dois pesquisadores de forma independente. Para a interpretação dos resultados, utilizar-se-á do software RYANN. Em seguida, análise de frequência das palavras e a conexão entre elas, ou seja, análise temática de Bardin. A expectativa deste estudo é identificar evidências científicas que possam subsidiar a questão da pesquisa e colaborar para análise reflexiva sobre o tema