Análisis de la evolución de la línea de costa entre Alcossebre y Oropesa a partir de la fotografía aérea (1956-2015)

[ES] El artículo presenta un análisis de la evolución de la línea de costa entre Alcossebre y Orpesa, a partir de fotografías aéreas y ortofotografías, entre 1956 y 2015. La digitialización de 12 líneas de costa ha permitido calcular los cambios netos y máximos, así como la tasa de cambio entre los diferentes años. Los resultados muestran una costa recesiva, con una gran variabilidad espacio-temporal. Conviven sectores con crecimiento sostenido provocado por la acción antrópica (deriva arriba de los espigones y regeneraciones de playa) o causas naturales (prominencias costeras), con otros claramente erosivos (deriva abajo de espigones). Además, el análisis de las isobatas del estrán sumergido, ha permitido explicar cómo la configuración de este espacio puede incrementar o frenar la erosión. Los temporales son los responsables de los grandes cambios, mientras que el déficit hidrosedimentario de los ríos a lo largo del siglo XX, subyace como causa última del comportamiento erosivo del área de estudio, tendencia que ya se manifestaba antes de la aparición de la acción antrópica. Así, la fotografía aérea, a pesar de su baja resolución temporal, compensa este déficit con la amplitud de sus series, lo que permite conocer el comportamiento de la línea de costa en un momento en el que la presión antrópica sobre este espacio era baja.[EN] This article presents an analysis of the coastline evolution between Alcossebre and Orpesa, based on aerial photographs and orthophotographs between 1956 and 2015. Twelve digitalized shoreline positions have allowed the calculation of net and maximum changes, as well as the rate of change between the different years. The results show a recessive coast, with a large spatial and temporal variability. Sectors with sustained accumulation, caused mainly by anthropic action (updrift sediment retention by groins and artificial nourishment of beaches) or natural causes (prominences) coexist with other clearly erosive (sediment deficit groins downdrift). In addition, the analysis of the isobaths of the submerged beach, has allowed to explain how the configuration of this space can increase or reduce the erosion. The big coastal storms are the main cause of the major changes, while the rivers hydrosedimentary deficit, generated along the twentieth century, underlies as the primary cause of the erosive behavior of the whole sector, which already were detected before the beginning of the main anthropic actions. Despite its low temporal resolution, the comparison of enough long series of aerial photography has allowed us to detect and quantify the coastline main changes when anthropogenic pressure was scarce.El presente trabajo forma parte de los proyectos de investigación CGL2013-44917-R, RESETOCOAST (CGL2015-69906-R) y EPHIMED (CGL2017-86839-C3-1-R) del Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad y están cofinanciados con fondos FEDER. Los autores agradecen las sugerencias de dos revisores anónimos que han mejorado notablemente el presente trabajo.Pardo Pascual, JE.; Roca-Moya, R.; Segura-Beltrán, F. (2019). Análisis de la evolución de la línea de costa entre Alcossebre y Orpesa a partir de fotografía aérea (1956-2015). Cuadernos de Geografía de la Universitat de València. 102:39-72. https://doi.org/10.7203/CGUV.102.14511S397210

Estimación de la velocidad de flujo del agua en cauces efímeros no aforados a partir de datos Lidar y GPS-RTK

The Manning formula is one of the most used to calculate the average velocity of water flow in ungauged channels. In order to be applied, it is necessary to measure in field the hydraulic radius (RH), the slope of the water surface (S), and to obtain the roughness coefficient (n), usually through tables created for this purpose. This involves a difficult, inefficient and subjective data collection in the field. This study evaluates the possibility to obtain these parameters in a more efficient manner, reducing the time of the process and allowing to work in larger areas. To achieve these objectives, the data used in this work were: 1) digital terrain models generated from airborne LiDAR data with a density of 2 points/ m2 , acquired when the channel was dry; 2) the height of the waterline and channel geometry measurements in the field using GPS; 3) Flow measurements. With this information, the velocity (Ve) was estimated and related to the average velocity of water flow (Vc) calculated from data measured in the field. The coefficient of determination between both velocity values was 73.52%, suggesting that the proposed methodology is useful to obtain the average velocity of flow, especially in remote areas or dry riverbeds

Using radioastronomy techniques and cold plasmas to study transient and stable molecular species of astrophysical interest: a proof of concept.

45th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics. European Physical Society Conference on Plasma Physics. 2-6 July. Prague, Czech Republic(2018. --. https://eps2018.eli-beams.eu/en

Broad-band high-resolution rotational spectroscopy for laboratory astrophysics

We present a new experimental set-up devoted to the study of gas phase molecules and processes using broad-band high spectral resolution rotational spectroscopy. A reactor chamber is equipped with radio receivers similar to those used by radio astronomers to search for molecular emission in space. The whole range of the Q (31.5-50 GHz) and W bands (72-116.5 GHz) is available for rotational spectroscopy observations. The receivers are equipped with 16 × 2.5 GHz fast Fourier transform spectrometers with a spectral resolution of 38.14 kHz allowing the simultaneous observation of the complete Q band and one-third of the W band. The whole W band can be observed in three settings in which the Q band is always observed. Species such as CH3CN, OCS, and SO2 are detected, together with many of their isotopologues and vibrationally excited states, in very short observing times. The system permits automatic overnight observations, and integration times as long as 2.4 × 105 s have been reached. The chamber is equipped with a radiofrequency source to produce cold plasmas, and with four ultraviolet lamps to study photochemical processes. Plasmas of CH4, N2, CH3CN, NH3, O2, and H2, among other species, have been generated and the molecular products easily identified by the rotational spectrum, and via mass spectrometry and optical spectroscopy. Finally, the rotational spectrum of the lowest energy conformer of CH3CH2NHCHO (N-ethylformamide), a molecule previously characterized in microwave rotational spectroscopy, has been measured up to 116.5 GHz, allowing the accurate determination of its rotational and distortion constants and its search in space.We thank the European Research Council for funding support under Synergy Grant ERC-2013-SyG, G.A. 610256 (NANOCOSMOS). IT, VJH, and JLD acknowledge additional partial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through grant FIS2016-77726-C3-1-P. JAMG, LM, and GS acknowledge additional partial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through grant MAT2017-85089-C2-1R. We thank David López Romero for his help during the process of installation, commissioning, and cleaning of the chamber. We would like to thank Kremena Makasheva for the useful comments and suggestions during the experiments with Hexamethyldisiloxane. We would also like to thank Rosa Lebrón, Jesús Quintanilla, and Cristina Soria for providing us with the sample of N-ethylformamide. Sandra I. Ramírez acknowledges support from the FONCICYT under grant number 291842. Celina Bermúdez thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades for the Juan de la Cierva grant FJCI-2016-27983

Cut-offs and response criteria for the Hospital Universitario la Princesa Index (HUPI) and their comparison to widely-used indices of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis

Objective To estimate cut-off points and to establish response criteria for the Hospital Universitario La Princesa Index (HUPI) in patients with chronic polyarthritis. Methods Two cohorts, one of early arthritis (Princesa Early Arthritis Register Longitudinal PEARL] study) and other of long-term rheumatoid arthritis (Estudio de la Morbilidad y Expresión Clínica de la Artritis Reumatoide EMECAR]) including altogether 1200 patients were used to determine cut-off values for remission, and for low, moderate and high activity through receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis. The areas under ROC (AUC) were compared to those of validated indexes (SDAI, CDAI, DAS28). ROC analysis was also applied to establish minimal and relevant clinical improvement for HUPI. Results The best cut-off points for HUPI are 2, 5 and 9, classifying RA activity as remission if =2, low disease activity if >2 and =5), moderate if >5 and <9 and high if =9. HUPI''s AUC to discriminate between low-moderate activity was 0.909 and between moderate-high activity 0.887. DAS28''s AUCs were 0.887 and 0.846, respectively; both indices had higher accuracy than SDAI (AUCs: 0.832 and 0.756) and CDAI (AUCs: 0.789 and 0.728). HUPI discriminates remission better than DAS28-ESR in early arthritis, but similarly to SDAI. The HUPI cut-off for minimal clinical improvement was established at 2 and for relevant clinical improvement at 4. Response criteria were established based on these cut-off values. Conclusions The cut-offs proposed for HUPI perform adequately in patients with either early or long term arthritis

Regional development gaps in Argentina: A multidimensional approach to identify the location of policy priorities

Spatial inequalities within Latin American countries have historically attracted the interest ofacademics, policy-makers, and international agencies. This article aims to provide amultidimensional diagnosis of provincial development gaps in Argentina, in order to identifythe location of policy priorities. Therefore, we built a large database, which covers sevendevelopment dimensions, and applied multivariate analysis techniques to overcome someanalytical limitations of previous studies. Results show the stability of provincial developmentgaps between 2003 and 2013 and some heterogeneity within geographic regions. Instead,cluster analysis offers a better classification of Argentine provinces according to theirdevelopment gaps, which can help the government to prioritize the places wheredevelopment policies are strategic.Fil: Niembro, Andrés Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; ArgentinaFil: Sarmiento, Jesica Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro; Argentin

Evolución cuaternaria de la antigua albufera existente entre Puçol y Alboraia

En el presente trabajo se estudia la evolución del sector albufereño comprendido entre Puçol y Alboraia desde mediados del Cuaternario, a partir de los datos de dieciocho sondeos geotécnicos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten deducir que este tramo ha experimentado una evolución compleja. Se han encontrado diferencias sustanciales entre los sectores situados al norte y al sur de la Pobla de Farnals. Tales diferencias parecen obedecer tanto a razones tectónicas como a un cambio en la orientación de la línea de costa a lo largo del Cuaternario. La existencia de dos (o quizá tres) bloques fallados que se han hundido a diferente velocidad ha condicionado la evolución, así como la morfología del sector