The effects of pre-exam exposure to music on test anxiety

Students (N = 39) were divided into three groups by the investigator based on a predetermined sign-up block assignment. Eleven students listened to a 7-minute compact disc audio track of Mozart\u27s Piano Sonata K333. Thirteen listened to a 7-minute compact disc audio track of Anima\u27s Spirit of the Southwest. Others (n = 15) sat in silence for a 7-minute period. Following the 7-minute period, all subjects attempted a logic test for 10 minutes. Next, subjects completed the Individual Test Anxiety Assessment by Samuel Parashis. A two-way Analysis of Variance, ANOVA, was conducted on the data collected from the Individual Anxiety Assessment. Although the results were not statistically significant, trends show lower mean anxiety scores being associated with the Classical and the New Age groups. The lowest scores were associated with the Classical music group

Early and late studies of EMD use in periodontal intrabony defects

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94589/1/jre1510.pd

An overview of periodontal regenerative procedures for the general dental practitioner.

The complete regeneration of the periodontal tissues following periodontal disease remains an unmet challenge, and has presented clinicians with a remarkably difficult clinical challenge to solve given the extensive research in this area and our current understanding of the biology of the periodontal tissues. In particular as clinicians we look for treatments that will improve the predictability of the procedure, improve the magnitude of the effect of treatment, and perhaps most importantly in the long term would extend the indications for treatment beyond the need for single enclosed bony defects to allow for suprabony regeneration, preferably with beneficial effects on the gingival soft tissues. A rapid development in both innovative methods and products for the correction of periodontal deficiencies have been reported during the last three decades. For example, guided tissue regeneration with or without the use of bone supplements has been a well-proven treatment modality for the reconstruction of bony defects prior to the tissue engineering era. Active biomaterials have been subsequently introduced to the periodontal community with supporting dental literature suggesting that certain factors should be taken into consideration when undertaking periodontal regenerative procedures. These factors as well as a number of other translational research issues will need to be addressed, and ultimately it is vital that we do not extrapolate results from pre-clinical and animal studies without conducting extensive randomized clinical trials to substantiate outcomes from these procedures. Whatever the outcomes, the pursuit of regeneration of the periodontal tissues remains a goal worth pursuing for our patients. The aim of the review, therefore is to update clinicians on the recent advances in both materials and techniques in periodontal regenerative procedures and to highlight the importance of both patient factors and the technical aspects of regenerative procedures

CLINICAL-EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TETRACYCLINE ROOT PREPARATION ON GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION IN THE TREATMENT OF CLASS-II FURCATION DEFECTS

THE PURPOSE OF THIS CLINICAL TRIAL was to evaluate the effect of tetracycline root preparation on guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of Class II furcation defects. Nine pairs of defects with horizontal clinical attachment level value greater-than-or-equal-to 5 mm comprised the study group. Measurements were made to determine presence of plaque, gingival condition, probing depth, and vertical and horizontal clinical attachment level. Defects from each pair were randomly assigned for treatment with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (e-PTFE) and tetracycline root conditioning (100 mg/ml) or the membrane alone. The membranes were removed 4 to 6 weeks postsurgery. Patients were then seen monthly for the duration of the study. Six months postsurgery, all clinical measurements were repeated. Following either treatment, improvement was observed in all clinical parameters, particularly in horizontal clinical attachment level. However, there was not a statistically significant difference in the improvement observed between sites treated with guided tissue regeneration in conjunction with tetracycline as compared to membrane placement alone. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate tetracycline root preparation in conjunction with regenerative therapy

Comparison of 2 Regenerative Procedures - Guided Tissue Regeneration and Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft - In the Treatment of Intrabony Defects: A Clinical and Radiographic Study

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY was to compare clinically and radiographically the effectiveness of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), using a bioabsorbable polylactic acid softened with citric acid ester barrier and commercially available demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in the treatment of 2- and 3-wall intrabony defects. Twelve patients each with one treated defect comprised each group. Conservative treatment was completed 2 to 4 months prior to surgery. Clinical measurements, plaque index, gingival index, probing depths (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL) and recession (REC), were comparable in both groups at baseline. They were repeated at 12 months. Surgical measurements were also comparable at baseline in both groups. In the GTR group, at baseline the mean distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and base of the defect was 12.3 ± 2.9 mm and in the DFDBA group 11.3 ± 1.8 mm. The defect depth was 6.3 ± 2.0 mm and 5.4 ± 1.3 mm, respectively. Radiographs were taken at baseline and 12 months later and compared using non-standardized digital subtraction radiography. In the GTR group, mean PD decreased from 7.9 ± 2.5 mm to 3.5 ± 1.4 mm and mean CAL from 10.8 ± 2.8 mm to 7.0 ± 1.6 mm, the differences being statistically significant (P = 0.002), while REC increased from 2.9 ± 1.2 mm to 3.5 ± 1.1 mm. In the DFDBA group, mean PD decreased from 7.1 ± 1.1 mm to 3.5 ± 1.1 mm and mean CAL from 9.8 ± 1.5 mm to 6.6 ± 1.7 mm (P = 0.002), while REC increased from 2.8 ± 1.0 mm to 3.1 ± 1.2 mm. No significant differences were found when the clinical results of the 2 groups were compared. Radiographic differences between the baseline and reconstructed images 12 months later were observed in both groups. Mean crestal bone resorption was 15.3 ± 22.5% in the GTR group and 10.4 ± 31.8% in the DFDBA group, and mean improvement in the distance between the CEJ and the base of the defect was 22.8 ± 18.1% in the GTR group and 15.3 ± 13.6% in the DFDBA group. However, the mean improvement in the intrabony depth was larger in the GTR group (71.9 ± 29.1%) than in the DFDBA group (35.4 ± 21.6%) (P = 0.007). In conclusion, within the limits of this study, both regenerative procedures were beneficial in treating intrabony defects. No statistical significant differences were observed between the 2 groups, with the exception of radiographic defect resolution which was significantly greater in the GTR group

Minimally Invasive Non-Surgical Technique in the Treatment of Intrabony Defects—A Narrative Review

Intrabony defects occur frequently in periodontitis and represent sites that, if left untreated, are at increased risk for disease progression. Although resective or repair procedures have been used to treat intrabony defects, aiming at their elimination, the treatment of choice is surgical periodontal regeneration. The development of periodontal regeneration in the last 30 years has followed two distinctive, though totally different, paths. The interest of researchers has so far focused on regenerative materials and products on one side, and on novel surgical approaches on the other side. In the area of materials and products, three different regenerative concepts have been explored namely, barrier membranes, bone grafts, and wound healing modifiers/biologics, plus many combinations of the aforementioned. In the area of surgical approaches, clinical innovation in flap design and handling, as well as minimally invasive approaches, has radically changed regenerative surgery. Recently, a minimally invasive non-surgical technique (MINST) for the treatment of intrabony defects was proposed. Initial clinical trials indicated comparable results to the surgical minimally invasive techniques in both clinical and radiographic outcomes. These results support the efficacy of this treatment approach. The aim of this review is to present the evidence on the application of minimally invasive non-surgical techniques and their efficacy in the treatment of intrabony defects

Calculus removal from multirooted teeth with and without surgical access: (II). Comparison between external and furcation surfaces and effect of furcation entrance width

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of furcation entrance width on the efficacy of calculus removal from furcation areas as well as to compare this efficacy between external and furcation surfaces after closed root planing, open root planing and use of a rotary diamond for the furcation area. 30 first and second lower molars scheduled for extraction with a calculus index 2 and a degree II or III furcation involvement were divided into 3 groups: 10 molars were scaled and root planed using a closed approach; 10 molars were scaled and root planed using an open approach; 10 molars were scaled and root planed with an open approach and rotary diamond was used for removal of deposits in the furcation area. After extraction, the width of the furcation entrance was measured buccally and lingually 2 mm apical from the bifurcation and furcations were categorized as wide (width >2.4 mm) or narrow (width <2.4 mm). The teeth were assessed in a stereomicroscope and the % of residual calculus on external and furcation surfaces was calculated. The width of the furcation entrance influenced the efficacy in root planing in the open group (p=0.0015). The use of rotary diamond was the most effective method for removing calculus both for narrow and wide furcations. The effectiveness of open root planing in the mesial root was related to the width of the furcation entrance where the % of residual calculus was significantly higher for narrow furcations (p= 0.008). Comparison between external and furcation surfaces showed that the mean values of residual calculus in the closed and open groups were lower for the external than for the furcation surfaces, but the difference was statistically significant only for the closed group (p= 0.013). When open root planing was combined with the use of rotary diamond in the furcation areas, a smaller amount of residual calculus was observed for the furcation than for the external surfaces. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserve