«Η παιδαγωγική Freinet στην προσχολική εκπαίδευση: Η φωνή των εκπαιδευτικών»

Αντικείμενο της παρούσας πτυχιακής εργασίας αποτελεί η εμβάθυνση στις παιδαγωγικές μεθόδους του Γάλλου παιδαγωγού Celestin Freinet, αλλά και ο τρόπος που έχουν προσληφθεί στην ελληνική εκπαιδευτική κοινότητα. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάζουμε και σχολιάζουμε τις παιδαγωγικές μεθόδους του Celestin Freinet ενώ μέσα από συνεντεύξεις εκπαιδευτικών που έχουν υιοθετήσει και αξιοποιούν τις μεθόδους του, αναλύουμε τα οφέλη και τις αλλαγές που παρατηρούνται στην σχολική κοινότητα. Τέλος, εξετάζουμε το πως οι παιδαγωγικές μέθοδοι του επιδρούν σε κοινωνικό και πολιτικό επίπεδο και παράλληλα τόσο τις δυσκολίες που προέκυψαν στην πορεία όσο και την συμβολή της κοινότητας του Σκασιαρχείου.The subject of this dissertation is the pedagogical methods of the French pedagogue Celestin Freinet and to which extend these methods have been utilized in the Greek educational community. We report and comment upon the pedagogical methods of the educator Celestin Freinet and analyze the benefits and the changes observed in the school community through interviews with educators who have adopted and utilized his methods. Finally, we examine how employing the pedagogical methods of Celestin Freinet affect the social and political developments of our society and the same time the contribution of the community of “Skasiarxeio”

Using eye-tracking to investigate teacher gaze: Data accuracy and drawing of meaningful dynamic areas of interest in video stimuli

Studie, které zkoumají pozornost učitelů skrze eye-tracking vykazují velkou různorodost co se týče stylu reportování a pohledu na kvalitu dat. Důvodem může být to, že eye-tracking je v oblasti výzkumu učitele poměrně novou metodou a systematická metodologická doporučení prozatím neexistují. To se týká především kvality sbíraných dat (tedy přesnosti) a způsobu jejich zpracování skrze vykreslení dynamických oblastí zájmu (areas of interest, AOI) ve video stimulech. Předkládaná studie zkoumá vliv různých hladin akceptované přesnosti dat na počet fixací a tři způsoby vykreslení AOI (AOI ve tvaru žáka kreslená pomocí křivek; AOI tváře žáka kreslená pomocí oválů; AOI oblasti žáka vykreslená obdélníkem) na standardní eye-trackingové proměnné: počet fixací, počet pohledů (glances) a délka fixace. 62 účastníků sledovalo video stimul s pěti označenými žáky, kteří představovali cílové AOI. Byla provedena jednoduchá analýza rozptylu s cílem určit vliv různých hladin přesnosti dat (>1°, > 0.5° to ≤ 1.0°, and ≤ 0.5°) na počet ficaxí. Vliv tří typů vykreslení dynamických AOI byl zkoumán pomocí několika jendofaktorových analýz rozptylu s opakovaným měřením. Výsledky neukázaly významný rozdíl mezi jednotlivými hladinami přesnosti. Významné rozdíly byly ale pozorovány u různých typů AOI. Při použití obdélníků bylo zaznamenáno více fixací a více návštěv AOI než u dalších dvou typů AOI. Nejdelší průměrné fixace byly zaznamenány u AOI zaměřených pouze na tváře žáků. Tyto výsledky nazančují, že je nutné zvážit výběr tvaru AOI v závislosti na výzkumné otázce a pozice AOI v prostoru a zároveň věnovat pozornost přesnosti dat.Studies that investigate teacher attention via eye-tracking methodology display variety in their reporting styles and consideration of their data quality. This may be due to the fact that eye-tracking has been newly introduced in teacher research, and systematic guidelines are not yet established. This especially accounts for the influence of the quality of the raw data (i.e., accuracy level) and the way that the raw data is processed through the drawing of dynamic areas of interest (AOIs) in video stimuli. The present study investigates the influence of various accepted accuracy levels on the number of fixations and three variations of AOI drawings (student shape, indicated by outlined areas; face, indicated by ovals; and student area, indicated by rectangles) on common eye-tracking metrics: number of fixations, glances, and fixation duration. Sixty-two participants observed a video stimulus with five marked students as the targeted AOIs. A one-way ANOVA was conducted to examine the influence of different accuracy levels (>1°, > 0.5° to ≤ 1.0°, and ≤ 0.5°) of the data on the number of fixations, while the effect of three different dynamic AOI shapes (student shape, face, rectangle) was investigated with a series of repeated-measure one-way ANOVAs. The results indicated no significant difference between the accuracy levels and the number of fixations. For the different AOI shapes, significant differences were observed. When using rectangles, more fixations and glances were recorded in contrast to the other two forms. The average fixation duration was greatest when only the faces were marked. This indicates that depending on the research question and the position of the AOIs, researchers may choose different forms of AOIs and consider the accuracy of their data

Συγχρονική μελέτη υγείας νεο-αφιχθέντων προσφύγων στην Ελλάδα μέσω θαλάσσης κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας COVID-19

Η μετανάστευση των πληθυσμών είναι συχνά αποτέλεσμα πολέμων, συρράξεων, διώξεων ή διακρίσεων (πολιτικών, θρησκευτικών ή φυλετικών) και αποτελεί ένα διαχρονικό φαινόμενο, σημειώνοντας ραγδαία εξέλιξη από το 2015 μέχρι σήμερα, ιδιαίτερα στην Ελλάδα. Σκοπός της παρούσης διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση τόσο της σωματικής, όσο και της ψυχικής υγείας των προσφύγων και μεταναστών που έφτασαν στην Ελλάδα μέσω θαλάσσης κατά την αρχική περίοδο της πανδημίας COVID-19, ώστε να επιτευχθεί συνεισφορά στην επίβλεψη υγείας των ευάλωτων πληθυσμιακών αυτών ομάδων σε επίπεδο πρωτοβάθμιας φροντίδας υγείας. Στην προσπάθεια εντοπισμού των συνηθέστερων νοσημάτων των προσφύγων/ μεταναστών πραγματοποιήθηκε βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, όπως επίσης και μελέτη συγχρονικού σχεδιασμού με τη χρησιμοποίηση ενός ad-hoc ερωτηματολογίου σαν ερευνητικό εργαλείο. Η έρευνα έλαβε χώρα στο νησί της Λέσβου με 329 συμμετέχοντες (πρόσφυγες και μετανάστες) οι οποίοι έφτασαν στη Λέσβο μέσω θαλάσσης τον Απρίλιο – Ιούνιο 2020 και σε διάστημα λίγων ημερών από την άφιξή τους καταγράφηκαν ηλεκτρονικά βασικά δεδομένα υγείας τους από το προσωπικό της δομής υγείας του ΚΥΤ Μόριας. Τα ευρήματα που συλλέχθηκαν από την έρευνα ήταν ενθαρρυντικά, καθώς ο πληθυσμός ήταν κατά βάση υγιής. Ιδιαίτερης σημασίας είναι το γεγονός ότι αρκετά άτομα παραπέμφθηκαν για εργαστηριακό έλεγχο για SARS-CoV-2 σε τριτοβάθμιες δομές υγείας, καθώς εκείνη την περίοδο δεν υπήρχαν διαθέσιμα τεστ ταχείας ανίχνευσης ή αυτοελέγχου. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης δηλώνουν ότι οι εισερχόμενοι πληθυσμοί προσφύγων και μεταναστών στο νησί της Λέσβου έχουν ικανοποιητικό επίπεδο υγείας κατά την άφιξη τους. Δεδομένου ότι η άφιξη των ατόμων της μελέτης συνέπεσε με την πρώτη περίοδο της πανδημίας COVID-19, διαφαίνεται η αναγκαιότητα ενίσχυσης των δομών πρωτοβάθμιας φροντίδας υγείας, προκειμένου να καταστεί δυνατή η παρακολούθηση των ατόμων αυτών σε επίπεδο κοινότητας καθ’όλο το διάστημα της παραμονής τους στο νησί και να αποσυμφορηθούν οι τριτοβάθμιες δομές, ειδικά σε περιόδους κρίσεων υγείας.Migration is often the result of wars, conflicts, persecution or discrimination (political, religious or racial) and it is a timeless phenomenon, seeing a rapid increase, especially in Greece since 2015. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate both the physical and the mental health of refugees and immigrants who arrived in Greece by sea during the initial COVID-19 period, in order to provide a contribution to the health monitoring of these population groups at a primary health care level. Trying to identify the most common diseases of refugees/ immigrants, a literature review was carried out, as well as a cross-sectional study using an ad-hoc questionnaire as the research tool. The research took place on the island of Lesvos with 329 participants (refugees and immigrants) who arrived in Lesvos by sea in April – June 2020 and within a few days of their arrival were registered electronically by the staff of the health structure of the R.I.C. (Reception and Identification Center) of Moria. The findings gathered from the survey were encouraging in showing that the state of health of this population was quite goof. Of particular importance is that several people were referred for laboratory testing for SARS-CoV-2 to the local hospital, as no rapid or self-testing tests were available at that time. The results of the present study show that the newly arrived refugee and migrant populations on the island of Lesvos are generally healthy. Given the fact that the period of study coincided with the early COVID-19 pandemic period, there is need to strengthen the primary health care facilities at the community level, to facilitate the health monitoring of these populations during their stay on the island and to relieve the pressure on the tertiary level health care facilities, especially during health crises

Determinants of Self-Rated Health in a Representative Sample of a Rural Population: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greece

Self-rated health (SRH) is a health measure related to future health, mortality, healthcare services utilization and quality of life. Various sociodemographic, health and lifestyle determinants of SRH have been identified in different populations. The aim of this study is to extend SRH literature in the Greek population. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in rural communities between 2001 and 2003. Interviews eliciting basic demographic, health-related and lifestyle information (smoking, physical activity, diet, quality of sleep and religiosity) were conducted. The sample consisted of 1,519 participants, representative of the rural population of Tripoli. Multinomial regression analysis was conducted to identify putative SRH determinants. Among the 1,519 participants, 489 (32.2%), 790 (52%) and 237 (15.6%) rated their health as “very good”, “good” and “poor” respectively. Female gender, older age, lower level of education and impaired health were all associated with worse SRH, accounting for 16.6% of SRH variance. Regular exercise, healthier diet, better sleep quality and better adherence to religious habits were related with better health ratings, after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors. BMI and smoking did not reach significance while exercise and physical activity exhibited significant correlations but not consistently across SRH categories. Our results support previous findings indicating that people following a more proactive lifestyle pattern tend to rate their health better. The role of stress-related neuroendocrinologic mechanisms on SRH and health in general is also discussed

Mixed Endometrial Epithelial Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Treatment and Survival Rates-A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study from a Single Institution

Mixed endometrial carcinoma (MEEC) refers to rare endometrial tumours that are composed of two or more distinct histotypes, at least one of which is serous or clear cell. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, treatment outcomes and survival rates of patients with mixed endometrial carcinoma. The medical records of 34 patients diagnosed with MEEC between March 2010 and January 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinicopathological variables and treatment strategies were assessed, and overall survival and disease-free survival rates were evaluated. The histology of endometrioid and serous component was found in 26 (76.5%) patients, followed by serous and clear-cell components (5/34, 14.5%) and mixed endometrioid serous and clear-cell components (3/34, 8.8%). The median age at diagnosis was 70 years (range 52-84), and the median follow-up time was 55 months. The 5-year disease-free survival and the 5-year overall survival were 50.4% and 52.4%, respectively. Advanced disease stage was identified as an independent predictor of inferior disease-free (<0.003) and overall survival (p < 0.001). Except for stage, none of the traditional prognostic factors was associated with disease recurrence or death from disease. MEECs represent rare high-risk endometrial carcinomas with significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. Undoubtedly, the implementation of a molecular analysis can offer further diagnostic and management insights

The Prognostic Characteristics and Recurrence Patterns of High Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer: A Large Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center

High grade endometrioid endometrial cancer (HGEEC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors with unclear prognostic features. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the independent risk factors for recurrence and mortality and to describe the recurrence patterns of HGEEC. Ninety-six consecutive cases of HGEEC treated with primary surgery in a single Tertiary Center were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathological and treatment details were recorded, and all patients were closely followed up. Disease-free, overall and cancer-specific survival rates were 83.8%, 77.8% and 83.6%, respectively. Cervical stromal involvement was independently related to recurrence (HR = 25.67; 95%CI 2.95-223.30; p = 0.003) and cancer-related death (HR = 15.39; 95%CI 1.29-183.43; p = 0.031) after adjusting for other pathological and treatment variables. Recurrence rate was 16%, with 60% of these cases having lung metastases and only one case with single vaginal vault recurrence. 81.81% of the recurrences presented with symptoms and not a single recurrence was diagnosed in routine follow-up clinical examination. In conclusion, the recurrence pattern may suggest that patient-initiated follow-up (PIFU) could be considered a potential alternative to clinical-based follow-up for HGEEC survivors, especially for patients without cervical involvement and after two years from treatment. Additional caution is needed in patients with cervical stromal involvement

Toxicity Profiling of Biosurfactants Produced by Novel Marine Bacterial Strains

Surface active agents (SAAs), currently used in modern industry, are synthetic chemicals produced from non-renewable sources, with potential toxic impacts on humans and the environment. Thus, there is an increased interest for the identification and utilization of natural derived SAAs. As such, the marine environment is considered a promising source of biosurfactants with low toxicity, environmental compatibility, and biodegradation compared to their synthetic counterparts. MARISURF is a Horizon 2020 EU-funded project aiming to identify and functionally characterize SAAs, derived from a unique marine bacterial collection, towards commercial exploitation. Specifically, rhamnolipids produced by Marinobacter MCTG107b and Pseudomonas MCTG214(3b1) strains were previously identified and characterized while currently their toxicity profile was assessed by utilizing well-established methodologies. Our results showed a lack of cytotoxicity in in vitro models of human skin and liver as indicated by alamar blue and propidium iodide assays. Additionally, the use of the single gel electrophoresis assay, under oxidative stress conditions, revealed absence of any significant mutagenic/anti-mutagenic potential. Finally, both 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) cell-free assays, revealed no significant anti-oxidant capacity for neither of the tested compounds. Consequently, the absence of significant cytotoxicity and/or mutagenicity justifies their commercial exploitation and potential development into industrial end-user applications as natural and environmentally friendly biosurfactants

Lifestyle and self-rated health: a cross-sectional study of 3,601 citizens of Athens, Greece

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Self-rated health (SRH) is a popular health measure determined by multiple factors. International literature is increasingly focusing on health-related behaviors such as smoking, dietary habits, physical activity, even religiosity. However, population-based studies taking into account multiple putative determinants of SRH in Greece are scarce. The aim of this study was to clarify possible determinants of SRH with an emphasis on the relationship between SRH and lifestyle variables in a large sample of urban citizens.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this one-year cross-sectional study, a stratified random sample of 3,601 urban citizens was selected. Data were collected using an interview-based questionnaire about various demographic, socioeconomic, disease- and lifestyle related factors such as smoking, physical activity, dietary habits, sleep quality and religiosity. Multivariate logistic regression was used separately in three age groups [15-29 (N = 1,360), 30-49 (N = 1,122) and 50+ (N = 1,119) years old] in order to identify putative lifestyle and other determinants of SRH.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Reporting of good SRH decreased with age (97.1%, 91.4% and 74.8%, respectively). Overall, possible confounders of the lifestyle-SRH relationship among age groups were sex, education, hospitalization during the last year, daily physical symptoms and disease status. Poor SRH was associated with less physical activity in the 15-29 years old (OR 2.22, 95%CI 1.14-4.33), with past or heavy smoking, along with no sleep satisfaction in the 30-49 years old (OR 3.23, 95%CI 1.35-7.74, OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.29-5.05, OR 1.79, 95%CI 1.1-2.92, respectively) and with obesity and no sleep satisfaction in the 50+ years old individuals (OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.19-2.81, OR 2.54, 95%CI 1.83-3.54). Sleep dissatisfaction of the 50+ years old was the only variable associated with poor SRH at the 0.001 p level of significance (OR 2.45, 99%CI 1.59 to 3.76). Subgroup analyses of the 15-19 years old individuals also revealed sleep dissatisfaction as the only significant variable correlated with SRH.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Slight differences in lifestyle determinants of SRH were identified among age groups. Sleep quality emerged as an important determinant of SRH in the majority of participants.</p

Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2