The Production Economics of Red Deer Husbandry for Commercial Venison

The thesis is concerned with the study of the economics of venison production in Scotland. It examines the various production systems utilised at present both in the wild and on an intensive farm and analyses the factors affecting productivity and their relative importance in each system. The evolution of the red deer in Scotland and more recent developments in the market for venison are examined in the early chapters. In addition, the production system in the wild is analysed and a production function is developed. In order to study the population dynamics of the red deer, a mathematical model is constructed. This is used in conjunction with the production function developed previously to illustrate the interaction between the ecological and economic factors which govern the productivity of red deer populations. In the light of this analysis, a number of recommendations are made for the improvement of productivity in the wild. The limitations of this production system, however, pose a problem for the practical implementation of such proposals. To some extent, these may be overcome by the adoption of a more intensive production system, although this in turn creates its own problems. The second part of this thesis is thus concerned with the study of the intensive system. The experimental deer farm at Glensaugh forms the basis f~ the investigation of this system. The data thus obtained are used in conjunction with a modified version of the mathematical model previously developed. This is incorporated in a linear programming format so that the farming system may be analysed and the operating strategies compared. The objective of the analysis is to determine which factors exert the greatest influence upon the operating strategies in terms of operating profit. Once these critical areas are identified, research effort may be directed more effectively to improve the system performance. The above analysis leads to a number of recommendations regarding' the operating strategies on a deer farm. The financial aspects of such an operation are examined and provide some basis against which the future viability of the farming operation might be assessed. No attempt is made to define levels of acceptable returns on investment. The intention is rather to determine the effects which changes in the economic and environmental conditions have upon investment potential. Although this study provides some tentative solutions as to how improvements in productivity may be obtained these should not be regarded as final. As knowledge of the production system improves, the solutions to the problems will change as will the problems themselves

Investigation into digital circuit design with GaAs/Ga2O3 heterostructure MOSFETs

In this thesis, GaAs heterostructure MOSFETs are investigated as a potential technology for digital circuit design. The devices under investigation are 0.6 μm gate length, enhancement mode, heterostructure MOSFETs, with a high-κ dielectric (Ga2O3), and an InGaAs channel. Historically silicon CMOS technology has been the natural choice for digital circuits, however the realisation of GaAs MOSFET digital circuits could allow full integration of RF, optoelectronic and digital circuits on a single system-on-chip. Additionally, there are potential performance advantages in using GaAs due to it's high electron mobility. For the first time compact models of complimentary GaAs/Ga2O3 MOS are developed to enable an investigation into establishing a digital design methodology for GaAs MOS. Drift-diffusion models are developed and calibrated to measured device data. These models then provide information on the necessary device parameters to build compact models of these devices. BSIM3v3.2 compact models are developed based on this to enable GaAs MOS technology to be investigated using standard circuit design tools. The compact models have been adapted to ensure that they are physically relevant for GaAs devices. This includes some necessary approximations using effective medium theory. Further adjustments, or ratio corrections, are introduced to ensure that the internal physical parameters of BSIM will be correct. The models are compared to similarly-sized silicon devices to investigate the difference in performance between GaAs and silicon MOSFETs. As expected, the GaAs NMOS devices demonstrate improvements in drive current over silicon. However, the GaAs PMOS devices do not offer this advantage due to low hole mobility. Therefore, as a consequence of the high mobility ratio in GaAs, it is important to consider alternative digital design methodologies to CMOS to optimise performance. The performance of benchmark circuits is investigated for this technology in various digital design styles including CMOS, NMOS saturated enhancement load, and NMOS precharge. GaAs digital circuits gain a signifcant advantage in using alternative design styles to CMOS due to the relatively poor performance of the PMOS devices. In using the alternative styles the number of PMOS devices used can be minimised, and it is shown that NMOS precharge offers both speed and power advantages for this technology. The particular GaAs technology investigated does not outperform silicon in terms of speed and power. However, it has allowed a methodology to be established for future device generations, where performance is anticipated to improve signifcantly

Mowy miesięcznicowe Jarosława Kaczyńskiego jako spektakl władzy

The article is an analysis of 91 speeches given in the years 2010–2018 by Jarosław Kaczyński, during the so-called monthly speeches or mensiversaries, commemorating the Polish plane crash in Smolensk on 10 April 2010. The basis of the analysis is the transcription of these speeches from the published television video. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out using two computer programs (STADT and AntConc). The authors focus on the formal features of these speeches, on the main threads appearing in them, and on the functions that these speeches fulfilled in the process of acquiring and consolidating power by a political group headed by the main actor of these public performances.Artykuł jest analizą 91 przemówień wygłaszanych w latach 2010–2018 przez Jarosława Kaczyńskiego podczas tzw. miesięcznic upamiętniających katastrofę polskiego samolotu w Smoleńsku 10 kwietnia 2010 R. Podstawą analizy jest transkrypcja tych mów na podstawie opublikowanego telewizyjnego zapis video. Analiza ilościowa i jakościowa została przeprowadzona za pomocą dwóch programów komputerowych (STADT i AntConc). Autorzy koncentrują się na cechach formalnych tych mów, na głównych wątkach w nich występujących oraz na funkcjach, jakie przemówienia te spełniały w procesie zdobywania i utrwalania władzy przez ugrupowanie polityczne kierowane przez głównego aktora tych publicznych spektakli

The Clinical Relevance of Circulating Tumor Cells in Early Breast Cancer

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are considered to be evading cancer cells that have been shed or actively invaded from the primary tumor into the blood circulation or lymphatic system and which may finally extravasate to found metastases. CTCs as “liquid biopsy” hold great promise to be a powerful non-invasive real-time measurable biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes and cancer treatment response. Several studies evaluated the role of CTC presence and count in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting of early breast cancer (EBC) and revealed their significant prognostic value. In this chapter, we highlight the clinical relevance of CTCs in early breast cancer (EBC) and state the urgency for further research in this field to definitely translate this marker from bench to bedside

Max Scheler o pracy

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„Memoriale Loimicum” – gdański pamiętnik z czasów zarazy w 1709 roku autorstwa Johanna Christopha Gottwaldta

One of the largest epidemics in the modern period that affected Gdańsk was the plague from 1709. A lot of historical sources have survived from that time, including a text by physician Johann Christoph Gottwaldt, rarely used by researchers. It was published in German in 1710, and also in English in 1712 in the journal "Philosophical Transactions". This source is one of the few examples of Gdańsk texts which have gained such European interest. This article's task is to discuss this source and point to the most interesting, translated extracts with their interpretation. This is the result of the work aimed at publishing a critical edition of both version of Gottwaldt's work