Shrapnel-Induced Mandibular Hypomobility

Mandibular hypomobility can develop from direct injury to, or as a result of disorders affecting, the supporting structures of the temporomandibular joint. This can be subdivided into intra-articular and extraarticular processes. Ankylosis is commonly associated with trauma (31% to 98%), followed by infections (10% to 49%) and systemic disease (10%). Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is an intra-articular process characterized by fibrous, fibro-osseous, or osseous obliteration of the joint space. Pseudoankylosis involves extracapsular causes of restricted jaw motion that include, but are not limited to, coronoid-zygomatic fusion, coronoid hypertrophy, and muscular fibrosis. Shrapnel injuries can be as devastating as high-velocity gunshot wounds, with functional and esthetic consequences, depending on the velocity, size, shape, and jagged edges of the fragments. Traumatic life support measures are paramount during the immediate postinjury setting. The airway and hemodynamic status must be maintained, because the oxygen-carrying capacity is essential for wound healing and the prevention of infection. A secure airway controlled with an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy needs early consideration because bleeding and edema can result in airway compromise. The securing of the airway should be followed by a comprehensive examination of the patient to reveal additional injuries

Value co-creation practices and capabilities: sustained purposeful engagement across B2B systems

The paradigm of value co-creation in business markets is now well established in the marketing literature. However, the practices and capabilities for collaborative value co-creation are less understood, particularly in increasingly boundary-less interorganizational, network and ecosystem relationships. This paper describes sets of practices that organizations in business markets adopt to co-create value. We provide a theoretically-grounded, empirically-informed classification of value co-creating practices, identifying the underlying capabilities needed to realize value in B2B systems. We adopt a case study approach utilizing various methods of data collection to explore co-creation practices from four organizations. The analysis reveals that ‘sustained purposeful engagement’ underpins the organizations' ability to co-create and capture value. Implications for organizations willing to develop co-creation capabilities and practices are discussed

A comparison of optical and radar measurements of mesospheric winds and tides

Optical measurements of mesospheric winds by Fabry‐Perot spectrometers, FPSs, at Mawson, 67.6°S 62.9°E, and Davis, 68.6°S 78.0°E, Antarctica are compared with similar measurements obtained using a spaced‐antenna MF radar at Davis. The FPSs observed the OH emission. Different analysis procedures, used to determine the mean wind, and amplitude and phase of the semidiurnal tide, have been compared. At these latitudes the diurnal tide is weak and the semi‐diurnal tide, although highly variable in amplitude, is usually the dominant periodicity. When comparing the amplitude and phase of the semidiurnal tide good agreement is obtained between measurements by the two instruments

Phase fluctuations in superconductors: from Galilean invariant to quantum XY models

We analyze the corrections to the superfluid density due to phase fluctuations within both a continuum and a lattice model for $s$- and d-wave superconductors. We expand the phase-only action beyond the Gaussian level and compare our results with the quantum XY model both in the quantum and in the classical regime. We find new dynamic anharmonic vertices, absent in the quantum XY model, which are responsible for the vanishing of the correction to the superfluid density at zero temperature in a continuum (Galilean invariant) model. Moreover the phase-fluctuation effects are reduced with respect to the XY model by a factor at least of order $1/(k_F\xi_0)^2$.Comment: 4 pages; shorter version, accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. B Rapid Com

First results of meteor radar lower thermosphere wind measurements at Dixon, Arctic (73.5゜N, 80゜E)

Results of simultaneous wind measurements by the identical meteor radars at Dixon (73.5°N, 80°E) and Obninsk (55°N, 37°E) are presented for the time interval from November 12, 1999 to July 31, 2000. A number of features were observed which require comprehensive investigation on the basis of long-term wind measurements in the high-latitude lower thermosphere. The observed semidiurnal tide phases at Dixon are close to those published for Troms0, providing some evidence for predominance of the migrating semidiurnal tide for semidiurnal oscillations at this latitude. Highly coherent oscillations in tidal amplitudes and prevailing winds were also revealed, as well as time intervals with non-significant semidiurnal tide during which oscillations with periods different from but close to 12 h were observed

The summertime 12-h wind oscillation with zonal wavenumber <i>s</i> = 1 in the lower thermosphere over the South Pole

International audienceMeteor radar measurements of winds near 95 km in four azimuth directions from the geographic South Pole are analyzed to reveal characteristics of the 12-h oscillation with zonal wavenumber one (s=1). The wind measurements are confined to the periods from 19 January 1995 through 26 January 1996 and from 21 November 1996 through 27 January 1997. The 12-h s=1 oscillation is found to be a predominantly summertime phenomenon, and is replaced in winter by a spectrum of oscillations with periods between 6 and 11.5 h. Both summers are characterized by minimum amplitudes (5?10 ms?1) during early January and maxima (15?20 ms?1) in November and late January. For 10-day means of the 12-h oscillation, smooth evolutions of phase of order 4?6 h occur during the course of the summer. In addition, there is considerable day-to-day variability (±5?10 ms?1 in amplitude) with distinct periods (i.e., ~5 days and ~8 days) which suggests modulation by planetary-scale disturbances. A comparison of climatological data from Scott Base, Molodezhnaya, and Mawson stations suggests that the 12-h oscillation near 78°S is s=1, but that at 68°S there is probably a mixture between s=1 and other zonal wavenumber oscillations (most probably s=2). The mechanism responsible for the existence of the 12-h s=1 oscillation has not yet been identified. Possible origins discussed herein include in situ excitation, nonlinear interaction between the migrating semidiurnal tide and a stationary s=1 feature, and thermal excitation in the troposphere