The Poetics of Transformation and Becoming in Linda Hogan’s Solar Storms

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Estudios Ingleses. Curso académico 2019-2020[ES]Este trabajo se centra en el proceso de las comunidades y escritores Indígenas de descolonizar la lengua inglesa a través del reconocimiento de sus realidades culturales adaptando no solo el inglés gramaticalmente, sino semánticamente, para así mostrar la relación que los humanos deberían compartir con la tierra. En concreto, el ensayo muestra el concepto de “Grammar of Animacy,” que en español podría ser traducido como la “Gramática de lo Animado,” que Robin Wall Kimmerer nos enseña en su libro Braiding Sweetgrass. Esta gramática se aplica a la novela Solar Storms de Linda Hogan. Mantengo que al reconocer la vida y autonomía de la tierra y el agua, la protagonista de Solar Storms, Angel, es capaz de desestabilizar el uso colonial que la colonización de América asoció al lenguaje. Angel es capaz de cambiar la forma en la que ve el mundo gracias a su interacción con la tierra de sus ancestros, y por ende, es capaz de cambiar su entendimiento del sistema colonial que había perpetuado las desigualdades y la discriminación contra los Indígenas. La tierra le enseña la gramática de lo animado, ayudándole a cambiar la realidad de la lengua inglesa para que pueda agradecer y reconocer su relación con ella, descolonizando el inglés en el proceso.[EN]This paper examines the process of decolonizing English by Indigenous communities and writers. By adapting English not only grammatically, but semantically, they acknowledge their cultural realities while emphasizing the interdependence of humans and the land. In particular, this paper draws on Robin Wall Kimmerer’s concept of “Grammar of Animacy” and applies it to Linda Hogan’s Solar Storms. In so doing, I argue that by recognising the land and water animacy and livingness, the protagonist of Solar Storms, Angel, is able to challenge the colonial uses that had been associated to the English language by the colonial system. Angel’s contact with the land of her ancestors results in the transformation of her understanding of the land and, as a consequence, her understanding of the colonial system that perpetuates the inequalities and discrimination against Indigenous people. The land teaches her the grammar of animacy, helping her to transform the English language so that she can give thanks and acknowledge the connection she shares with the land, decolonizing English in the process

Neuromechanical Modelling of Articulatory Movements from Surface Electromyography and Speech Formants

Speech articulation is produced by the movements of muscles in the larynx, pharynx, mouth and face. Therefore speech shows acoustic features as formants which are directly related with neuromotor actions of these muscles. The first two formants are strongly related with jaw and tongue muscular activity. Speech can be used as a simple and ubiquitous signal, easy to record and process, either locally or on e-Health platforms. This fact may open a wide set of applications in the study of functional grading and monitoring neurodegenerative diseases. A relevant question, in this sense, is how far speech correlates and neuromotor actions are related. This preliminary study is intended to find answers to this question by using surface electromyographic recordings on the masseter and the acoustic kinematics related with the first formant. It is shown in the study that relevant correlations can be found among the surface electromyographic activity (dynamic muscle behavior) and the positions and first derivatives of the first formant (kinematic variables related to vertical velocity and acceleration of the joint jaw and tongue biomechanical system). As an application example, it is shown that the probability density function associated to these kinematic variables is more sensitive than classical features as Vowel Space Area (VSA) or Formant Centralization Ratio (FCR) in characterizing neuromotor degeneration in Parkinson's Disease.This work is being funded by Grants TEC2016-77791-C4-4-R from the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Competitiveness of Spain, Teka-Park 55 02 CENIE-0348_CIE_6_E POCTEP (InterReg Programme) and 16-30805A, SIX Research Center (CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0072), and LO1401 from the Czech Republic Government

Evaluation of endothelial function and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with HIV infection

The aim of this study was to analyse the association between human immunodefciency virus (HIV) related clinical and analytical parameters and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis as well as endothelial dysfunction. This was a prospective cohort study of HIV-positive patients who underwent intima media thickness (IMT) determination and coronary artery calcium scoring to determine subclinical atherosclerosis. To detect endothelial dysfunction, the breath holding index, fow-mediated dilation and the concentration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were measured. Patients with an IMT? 0.9 mm had an average of 559.3 ± 283.34 CD4/?l, and those with an IMT< 0.9 mm had an average of 715.4 ± 389.92 CD4/?l (p= 0.04). Patients with a low calcium score had a signifcantly higher average CD4 cell value and lower zenith viral load (VL) than those with a higher score (707.7 ± 377.5 CD4/?l vs 477.23 ± 235.7 CD4/?l (p= 0.01) and 7 ×?¬104 ± 5 ×?¬104 copies/ml vs 23.4 × 104 ± 19 × 104 copies/ml (p= 0.02)). The number of early EPCs in patients with a CD4 nadir< 350/ µl was lower than that in those with a CD4 nadir? 350 (p= 0.03). In HIV-positive patients, low CD4 cell levels and high VL were associated with risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis. HIV patients with CD4 cell nadir < 350/µl may have fewer early EPCs

Ingeniería Forestal y ambiental en medios insulares

Las Islas Canarias a pesar de su reducida extensión y del relativo poco peso específico a nivel mundial, no es ajena a los problemas globales detectados en la conservación de bosques y en la importancia que éstos tienen para obtener beneficios económicos, socioculturales y ambientales. La gestión forestal sostenible es en este sentido esencial para asegurar y compatibilizar los diversos beneficios del bosque. El papel específico de los bosques y su gestión son sin embargo temas aún por conocer en nuestras islas, por lo que el Año Internacional de los Bosques ha representado una oportunidad única para dar a conocer el mundo forestal y acercarlo a nuestra sociedad. El presente libro consta de 25 capítulos donde se ha contemplado la mayoría de los aspectos a tener en cuenta en la planificación y gestión del medio forestal y natural. Desde la historia forestal del archipiélago, hasta el uso y técnicas de manejo de los recursos naturales, incluyendo el agua, la energía en forma de biomasa y la selvicultura

Neuromechanical modelling of articulatory movements from surface electromyography and speech formants

Speech articulation is produced by the movements of muscles in the larynx, pharynx, mouth and face. Therefore speech shows acoustic features as formants which are directly related with neuromotor actions of these muscles. The first two formants are strongly related with jaw and tongue muscular activity. Speech can be used as a simple and ubiquitous signal, easy to record and process, either locally or on e-Health platforms. This fact may open a wide set of applications in the study of functional grading and monitoring neurodegenerative diseases. A relevant question, in this sense, is how far speech correlates and neuromotor actions are related. This preliminary study is intended to find answers to this question by using surface electromyographic recordings on the masseter and the acoustic kinematics related with the first formant. It is shown in the study that relevant correlations can be found among the surface electromyographic activity (dynamic muscle behavior) and the positions and first derivatives of the first formant (kinematic variables related to vertical velocity and acceleration of the joint jaw and tongue biomechanical system). As an application example, it is shown that the probability density function associated to these kinematic variables is more sensitive than classical features as Vowel Space Area (VSA) or Formant Centralization Ratio (FCR) in characterizing neuromotor degeneration in Parkinson’s Disease

Construimos nuestra biblioteca de aula

Se desarrolla un proyecto de innovación educativa que pretende conseguir que los libros y la lectura sean algo constante en u entorno escolar habitual del alumnado, como elemento que siempre están ahí, a su disposición, para que los utilice y disfrute si así lo desea. Se pretende que el alumnado sea protagonista de que esos libros estén ahí, de los procesos que han llevado a que estén ahí, porque ellos lo han decidido, seleccionado y organizado, y siendo responsables de sus cuidado. En primer lugar se desarrolló la fase de coordinación del profesorado, de establecimiento de pautas a seguir, clasificación de libros y organización de actividades de animación a la lectura. Después se llevaron a cabo actividades concretas para el alumnado para crear las distintas bibliotecas en las aulas: distribución guiada de los textos; organización de los espacios en las aulas; creación de fichas para el préstamo de libros; realización de elementos decorativos; organización del funcionamiento de la biblioteca; intercambios de experiencias lectoras y realización de trabajos de lectura; y creación de blogs por parte del alumnado de quinto y sexto de Primaria. El profesorado ha trabajado de forma coordinada en la realización y programación de cada una de las fases del proyecto y sus actividades previas. El alumnado ha conocido la realidad de un trabajo en equipo para poner en funcionamiento la catalogación y organización de libros para crear una biblioteca escolar, siendo su implicación y motivación muy satisfactoria, siendo una actividad que ha propiciado la convivencia.Castilla y LeónConsejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación; Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Prado, Autovía Puente Colgante s. n.; 47071 Valladolid; +34983411881; +34983411939ES

Innovaciones y mejorías en el proyecto Tutoría entre compañeros. Curso 2014-2015

Memoria ID-0160. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective

How do energy balance-related behaviors cluster in adolescents?

BJECTIVES: To delineate the clustering of energy balance-related behaviors in adolescents and investigate whether these behaviors are associated with the household socioeconomic status and parental education level. METHODS: Two cross-sectional studies assessed information on sedentary behavior, physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit and vegetable consumption, and sleep duration by self-reported questionnaires in adolescents (12.5-17.5years old) from Maringa/Brazil (BRACAH Study; n=682) and ten European cities (HELENA Study; n=1252) from nine different countries. Gender-specific cluster analyses were performed separately for each study, applying a combination of hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods. RESULTS: Girls showed equivalent behaviors: Sedentary; Active; Unhealthy Eating; Healthy Eating; while boys differed (Brazilian: Sedentary; Active; Healthy Eating; European: Sedentary; Healthy; Unhealthy Eating). In Brazil, we found no association between socioeconomic status and parental education. In European girls, the high socioeconomic status and both parents' university degree were associated with Healthy Eating. In European boys, the high socioeconomic status was associated with Unhealthy Eating, and the mothers' university degree was associated with the Healthy cluster. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents show Sedentary behavior, regardless of their sex, country of origin, or socioeconomic condition