Tratamento cirúrgico de drenagem de hematoma subperiosteal de órbita: relato de caso/ Surgical treatment of subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit: case report

Os hematomas subperiosteais de órbita (HSPO) quando são resultantes de trauma de face, associam-se principalmente a fraturas do complexo naso-órbito-etmoidal e clinicamente aparecem associados a edema acentuado, exoftalmia proeminente, deslocamento ínfero-lateral do globo ocular e oftalmoplegia.  Os principais sintomas são fortes queixas álgicas e diminuição da acuidade visual. O diagnóstico precoce do HSPO proporcionando uma intervenção rápida é o que garante um prognóstico favorável – sem riscos de amaurose, meningite e óbito, principais preocupações. Esse estudo objetiva reportar o caso de um paciente de 16 anos, vítima de acidente motociclístico, cursando com trauma de face e HSPO tratado cirurgicamente para drenagem do hematoma e osteossíntese das fraturas faciais

Síndrome de Down: bases genéticas e principais alterações: Down syndrome: genetic bases and main changes

A Síndrome de Down foi relatada inicialmente pelo médico John Langdon em meados de 1866 mediante semelhanças físicas observadas em crianças que apresentavam atraso mental no qual eram designadas como situação de “mongolismo” para que fosse possível a definição do conjunto de manifestações que estavam sendo observadas. Compreende-se que o entendimento das bases fisiopatológicas da SD é de suma importância tendo em vista que tal conhecimento será capaz de proporcionar novas terapêuticas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas específicas para os indivíduos com a SD. Por certo, associado a fatores genéticos, os fatores epigenéticos, como interações celulares, também são responsáveis pela estruturação do fenótipo de pacientes com SD permitindo, portanto, a verificação de diferentes alterações como complicações congênitas e também acometimento audível, visual e cardíaco

Dwellings, jabuticabas, and affections — trajectories with Sylvia Caiuby Novaes

Sylvia Caiuby Novaes é professora do Departamento de Antropologia da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e dedica-se há cerca de 50 anos à pesquisa e ao ensino em antropologia. Entre outras realizações, ela é uma das pioneiras da antropologia visual no Brasil, é fundadora do Laboratório de Imagem e Som da Antropologia (LISA) e editora responsável pela revista Gesto, Imagem e Som. Revista de Antropologia (GIS). Nesta entrevista, realizada por mais de 30 orientandos de diferentes gerações, Sylvia fala sobre sua trajetória, projetos, visão de mundo, suas diversas viagens, o fascínio pelas pesquisas de campo e a universidade. Ao contar sobre sua trajetória acadêmica e pessoal, Sylvia traz reflexões sobre sua relação com a fotografia e a produção de imagens.  Sylvia Caiuby Novaes is a Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of São Paulo (USP) and has been dedicated to research and teaching in anthropology for nearly 50 years. Among other accomplishments, she is one of the pioneers of visual anthropology in Brazil, is the founder of the Laboratory of Image and Sound of Anthropology (LISA) and the editor in charge of the Gesture, Image and Sound.  Journal of Anthropology (GIS). In this interview, conducted by more than 30 advisees from different generations, Sylvia talks about her trajectory, projects, worldview, her various travels, her fascination with field research and the university. When telling about her academic and personal trajectory, Sylvia reflects on her relationship with photography and the production of images

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Modelagem geo-ambiental e interdisciplinar para ordenamento do território com corredores florestais ecológico-econômicos.

Desmatamento intensivo veio a ser um procedimento histórico na ocupação territorial e também a prática corrente em nossos dias de projetos de agricultura intensiva. Os impactos sobre o bioma de tipo savana, Cerrado, são inequívocos. Há evidências de conceitos errôneos na administração pública, sua ineficiência e pouco esclarecimento acerca das relações da agricultura com a bacia hidrográfica. A questão principal é: como expandir a frente agrícola, com algum desmatamento necessário e reflorestamento estratégico sem produzir-se irreversibilidade que possa afetar o bioma como um todo? Esta questão é um problema atual que exerce pressão social, política e econômica tanto quanto mais se demanda por bens agrícolas em um crescimento de população já previsto para os próximos 50 anos. Pelo mesmo fato a possibilidade de atuar corretamente na gestão agrícola e geo-ambiental com modelos consistentes, ecológica e economicamente, é a tese deste artigo.Intensive deforesting came to be not only a historical procedure in territorial occupation but also a current practice in present day context of intensive agricultural projects. Impacts over a biome like the savannah Cerrado are unequivocal. There are evidences of erroneous conceptions of the public administration, its inefficiency and the lack of knowledge about the relations of agriculture with watersheds. The main question is - how to expand the agricultural front, with some necessary deforesting and strategically reforesting without producing irreversibility, which may affect the biome itself as a whole? This question is an up to date pressing social, politics and economic problem as far as the demand for agricultural goods are increasing with population’s increment as modelled for the next 50 years. By the same token the possibility of correctly acting in agricultural and geo-environmental management with consistent ecological and economical models, is the thesis this paper presents

Giants of the Amazon:How does environmental variation drive the diversity patterns of large trees?

For more than three decades, major efforts in sampling and analyzing tree diversity in South America have focused almost exclusively on trees with stems of at least 10 and 2.5 cm diameter, showing highest species diversity in the wetter western and northern Amazon forests. By contrast, little attention has been paid to patterns and drivers of diversity in the largest canopy and emergent trees, which is surprising given these have dominant ecological functions. Here, we use a machine learning approach to quantify the importance of environmental factors and apply it to generate spatial predictions of the species diversity of all trees (dbh ≥ 10 cm) and for very large trees (dbh ≥ 70 cm) using data from 243 forest plots (108,450 trees and 2832 species) distributed across different forest types and biogeographic regions of the Brazilian Amazon. The diversity of large trees and of all trees was significantly associated with three environmental factors, but in contrasting ways across regions and forest types. Environmental variables associated with disturbances, for example, the lightning flash rate and wind speed, as well as the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation, tend to govern the diversity of large trees. Upland rainforests in the Guiana Shield and Roraima regions had a high diversity of large trees. By contrast, variables associated with resources tend to govern tree diversity in general. Places such as the province of Imeri and the northern portion of the province of Madeira stand out for their high diversity of species in general. Climatic and topographic stability and functional adaptation mechanisms promote ideal conditions for species diversity. Finally, we mapped general patterns of tree species diversity in the Brazilian Amazon, which differ substantially depending on size class

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora