The Segment Ontology: Bridging Music-generic and Domain-specific

Existing semantic representations of music analysis encapsulate narrow sub-domain concepts and are frequently scoped by the context of a particular MIR task. Segmentation is a crucial abstraction in the investigation of phenomena which unfold over time; we present a Segment Ontology as the backbone of an approach that models properties from the musicological domain independently from MIR implementations and their signal processing foundations, whilst maintaining an accurate and complete description of the relationships that link them. This framework provides two principal advantages which are explored through several examples: a layered separation of concerns that aligns the model with the needs of the users and systems that consume and produce the data; and the ability to link multiple analyses of differing types through transforms to and from the Segment axis

LES of high speed jet flow from convergent-divergent rectangular S-bend ducts using synthetic inlet conditions

The effect of upstream duct curvature on the exhaust plume of a jet engine is further studied. Using synthetically created turbulence, improvements are made to the flow through out the S-bend validation case previously studied. The effect of a contracting 70° S-bend duct on the over-expanded exhaust plume emanating from a rectangular nozzle of aspect ratio 5.8:1 at a nozzle pressure ratio of 2.5 and Reynolds number of 7.61×105 is then studied. A modified version of the synthetic eddy method for creating artificial turbulence is initially validated. The validation of the Hydra CFD code is then expanded upon for an S-bend duct including both RANS and LES methodologies. For the combined S-bend and nozzle cases the total pressure gradients that were previously observed at the nozzle exit plane for k-ε RANS are also similarly observed using LES with synthetically created in flow turbulence thus confirming the existence of such features. The calculations were carried out using an unstructured, median-dual CFD solver with predominantly hexahedral elements containing approximately 175 million nodes

CFD based study of unconventional aeroengine exhaust systems

The effect of upstream duct curvature on the exhaust plume of a jet engine is cur- rently undocumented. Here, three different upstream curvatures are simulated using CFD to investigate the effect of upstream duct curvature on the over-expanded exhaust plume emanating from a rectangular nozzle of aspect ratio 5.8:1 at a nozzle pressure ratio of 2.5 and Reynolds number of 7.61 × 105. Due to the lack of available experimental data for curved ducts connected to high speed jets, the initial work was to validate the methodol- ogy for separate S-bend and rectangular nozzle high speed jet cases. These showed that RANS methods were poor for predicting secondary flows in the S-bend and for predicting mixing and potential core length in the rectangular jet. However, LES did show signifi- cant improvements for the rectangular jet and correctly predicts the shear layer mixing. Calculations were carried out using an unstructured, median-dual CFD solver with pre- dominantly hexahedral elements containing approximately 65.5−67.5 million nodes. For the combined S-bend and nozzle cases it was seen that increasing upstream duct curvature re- duces the potential core length and increases losses in the upstream duct. Transverse total pressure gradients were also observed at the nozzle exit plane in both k-ǫ and WALE LES turbulence models, however to a significantly smaller degree in the latter. The upstream duct curvature was also seen to have an impact on the shock cell development, altering both number and location

Towards sustainable tourism planning in New Zealand: monitoring local government planning under the Resource Management Act

In the light of the increasing pace and scale of tourism activity in New Zealand, the concept of sustainable tourism has become a key ingredient in the nation's tourism strategy. This paper explores sustainable tourism planning in New Zealand at the level of local government, and in particular, focuses on the implementation of the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) as a mechanism for achieving sustainable tourism. Using the findings of a survey of Regional Councils and Territorial Local Authorities, the paper explores public sector planning responses to tourism impacts and sustainability concerns in New Zealand. The paper extends the earlier work of Page and Thorn (1997; 2002), which identified major issues of concern at local council level with regard to tourism impacts and argued the need for a national vision for tourism to ensure that the RMA achieved its original goals. Since then, a national tourism strategy has been published and changes in legislation have further empowered local authorities to further progress the sustainability agenda. This paper examines these developments and the ensuing implications, concluding that significant progress has been made in developing tourism policies at the local level, but that a number of constraints and issues limit the development of New Zealand as a sustainable destination

Monitoring injury in the New Zealand adventure tourism sector: an operator survey

Background: Client safety is a major risk management concern for the commercial adventure tourism sector in New Zealand. This study built on previous exploratory analyses of New Zealand adventure tourism safety, including industry surveys conducted by these authors in 1999 and 2003. The aims of the study were to provide a continuation of injury monitoring across the sector through data collected from self-reported injury incidence by industry operators, and to compare findings with those from other primary and secondary research studies conducted by the authors. Method: A postal questionnaire was used to survey all identifiable New Zealand adventure tourism operators during 2006. The questionnaire asked respondents about their recorded client injury experience, perceptions of client injury risk factors, and safety management practices. Results: Some 21 adventure tourism activities were represented among the responding sample (n=127), with most operations being very small in terms of staff numbers, although responding operators catered for nearly one million clients in total annually. Highest ranked risk factors for client injury included clients not following instructions, level of client skill, ability and fitness, and changeable/unpredictable weather conditions. Highest client injury was reported for horse riding, eco-tourism and white water rafting sectors, although serious under-reporting of minor injuries was evidenced across the sector. Slips, trips and falls were the most frequently reported injury mechanism, while safety management measures were inconsistently applied across the sector. Conclusions: The industry should address reporting culture issues and safety management practices generally. Specifically, the industry should consider risk management that focuses on minor (e.g. falls) as well as catastrophic events

Evolvable Cryogenics (eCryo) Project Technology Workshop with Industry: Thermal Design of EDU

No abstract availabl

Stratigraphy and Structure of the Fall Mountain and Skitchewaug Nappes, Southwestern New Hampshire

Guidebook for field trips in southwestern New Hampshire, southeastern Vermont, and north-central Massachusetts: New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 80th annual meeting, October 14, 15 and 16, 1988, Keene, New Hampshire: Trip A-

Identity text: an educational intervention to foster cultural interaction

Background: Sociocultural theories state that learning results from people participating in contexts where social interaction is facilitated. There is a need to create such facilitated pedagogical spaces where participants can share their ways of knowing and doing. The aim of this exploratory study was to introduce pedagogical space for sociocultural interaction using ‘Identity Text’. Methods: Identity Texts are sociocultural artifacts produced by participants, which can be written, spoken, visual, musical, or multimodal. In 2013, participants of an international medical education fellowship program were asked to create their own Identity Texts to promote discussion about participants’ cultural backgrounds. Thematic analysis was used to make the analysis relevant to studying the pedagogical utility of the intervention. Result: The Identity Text intervention created two spaces: a ‘reflective space’, which helped participants reflect on sensitive topics such as institutional environments, roles in interdisciplinary teams, and gender discrimination, and a ‘narrative space’, which allowed participants to tell powerful stories that provided cultural insights and challenged cultural hegemony; they described the conscious and subconscious transformation in identity that evolved secondary to struggles with local power dynamics and social demands involving the impact of family, peers, and country of origin. Conclusion: While the impact of providing pedagogical space using Identity Text on cognitive engagement and enhanced learning requires further research, the findings of this study suggest that it is a useful pedagogical strategy to support cross-cultural education

Effectiveness of common household cleaning agents in reducing the viability of human influenza A/H1N1

In the event of an influenza pandemic, the majority of people infected will be nursed at home. It is therefore important to determine simple methods for limiting the spread of the virus within the home. The purpose of this work was to test a representative range of common household cleaning agents for their effectiveness at killing or reducing the viability of influenza A virus