El Observatorio Nacional de Degradación de Tierras y Desertificación tiene un nuevo sitio piloto: subcuenca del arroyo Tortugas-Santa Fe.

El Observatorio Nacional de Degradación de Tierras y Desertificación es (ONDTyD) es un sistema nacional de evaluación y monitoreo de tierras a diferentes escalas basado en un abordaje integral, interdisciplinario y participativo. Surge tras la culminación del proyecto Evaluación de la Degradación de tierras en Zonas Áridas (LADA, por sus siglas en inglés), que sentó las bases para un sistema nacional permanente de evaluación y monitoreo estandarizada de la desertificación.EEA OliverosFil: Albizuri, L. Asesor independiente en Gestión Ambiental; ArgentinaFil: Berardi, José. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Capurro, Julia Ester. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Agencia de Extensión Rural Cañada de Gómez; ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Francisco Victoriano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros; ArgentinaFil: Caruso, Cecilia Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros; ArgentinaFil: Devia, Edgardo Agustín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros; ArgentinaFil: Di Leo, Néstor. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Di Leo, Néstor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR); ArgentinaFil: Jankovic, Veronica Vanina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Agencia de Extensión Rural Casilda; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, L. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros; ArgentinaFil: Montico, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Montico, Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR); ArgentinaFil: Pagani, Ricardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros. Agencia de Extensión Rural Las Rosas; Argentin

Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world

Touch is the primary way people communicate intimacy in romantic relationships, and affectionate touch behaviors such as stroking, hugging and kissing are universally observed in partnerships all over the world. Here, we explored the association of love and affectionate touch behaviors in romantic partnerships in two studies comprising 7880 participants. In the first study, we used a cross-cultural survey conducted in 37 countries to test whether love was universally associated with affectionate touch behaviors. In the second study, using a more fine-tuned touch behavior scale, we tested whether the frequency of affectionate touch behaviors was related to love in romantic partnerships. As hypothesized, love was significantly and positively associated with affectionate touch behaviors in both studies and this result was replicated regardless of the inclusion of potentially relevant factors as controls. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that affectionate touch is a relatively stable characteristic of human romantic relationships that is robustly and reliably related to the degree of reported love between partners.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Diversity and ethics in trauma and acute care surgery teams: results from an international survey

Background Investigating the context of trauma and acute care surgery, the article aims at understanding the factors that can enhance some ethical aspects, namely the importance of patient consent, the perceptiveness of the ethical role of the trauma leader, and the perceived importance of ethics as an educational subject. Methods The article employs an international questionnaire promoted by the World Society of Emergency Surgery. Results Through the analysis of 402 fully filled questionnaires by surgeons from 72 different countries, the three main ethical topics are investigated through the lens of gender, membership of an academic or non-academic institution, an official trauma team, and a diverse group. In general terms, results highlight greater attention paid by surgeons belonging to academic institutions, official trauma teams, and diverse groups. Conclusions Our results underline that some organizational factors (e.g., the fact that the team belongs to a university context or is more diverse) might lead to the development of a higher sensibility on ethical matters. Embracing cultural diversity forces trauma teams to deal with different mindsets. Organizations should, therefore, consider those elements in defining their organizational procedures. Level of evidence Trauma and acute care teams work under tremendous pressure and complex circumstances, with their members needing to make ethical decisions quickly. The international survey allowed to shed light on how team assembly decisions might represent an opportunity to coordinate team member actions and increase performance

Reasons for facebook usage: Data from 46 countries

Seventy-nine percent of internet users use Facebook, and on average they access Facebook eight times a day (Greenwood et al., 2016). To put these numbers into perspective, according to Clement (2019), around 30% of the world\u2019s population uses this Online Social Network (OSN) site. Despite the constantly growing body of academic research on Facebook (Chou et al., 2009; Back et al., 2010; Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010; McAndrew and Jeong, 2012; Wilson et al., 2012; Krasnova et al., 2017), there remains limited research regarding the motivation behind Facebook use across different cultures. Our main goal was to collect data from a large cross-cultural sample of Facebook users to examine the roles of sex, age, and, most importantly, cultural differences underlying Facebook use

Affective interpersonal touch in close relationships: a cross-cultural perspective

Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch

Sex differences in mate preferences across 45 countries: A large-scale replication

Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives—an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective—offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries

Respuesta a nitrógeno y azufre en el cultivo de maíz en diferentes ambientes de la Provincia de Buenos Aires Corn response to nitrogen and sulfur under different environments in the Province of Buenos Aires

El nitrógeno (N) y el azufre (S) son nutrientes de gran relevancia para el cultivo de maíz en la Región Pampeana. Sin embargo, no existe suficiente evidencia bibliográfica que analice el efecto de la aplicación de ambos nutrientes y de su interacción, sobre la respuesta en grano, la eficiencia de uso de N y S del fertilizante (EUFN y EUFS) y la rentabilidad de la fertilización en el cultivo de maíz. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar: 1) el efecto de la aplicación de N y S sobre el rendimiento y la EUFN y EUFS y 2) la conveniencia económica de la fertilización en ambientes de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Dos experimentos en Balcarce (Bce I y Bce II) y otros dos en 9 de Julio (9dJ I y 9dJ II) fueron realizados durante las campañas 2005-06, 2006-07 y 2007-08 evaluando dosis de N y S. No se determinó interacción N-S para ninguna de las variables estudiadas. La aplicación de N incrementó los rendimientos (pNitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) are very important nutrients in corn production in the Pampas Region. However, there is not enough bibliographic evidence related to N and S effects and their interaction on grain yield response, N and S fertilizer use efficiency (EUFN and EUFS) and the economic benefit of fertilizing with N and S. The objective of this work was to evaluate N and S application effects on corn grain yield, EUFN and EUFS, and the fertilization economic return under different environments in the province of Buenos Aires. Two experiments with different N and S rates were conducted at Balcarce (Bce I and Bce II) and two at 9 de Julio (9dJ I and 9dJ II) during 2005-06, 2006-07 and 2007- 08. No N-S interactions were found in any studied variable. Nitrogen application increased grain yield (p<0.01) up to 32, 15, 54 y 72% at Bce I, Bce II, 9dJ I and 9dJ II, respectively; whereas S application increased grain yield at Bce II, 9dJ I and 9dJ II (p<0.05) (maximum responses of 11, 10 and 22%, respectively). The EUFN was not systematically affected by S application. The EUFS did not change with increasing S rates, but it improved when N was applied at Bce II and 9dJ I. Fertilization economic return varied but it was favourable at high productivity environments with low soil availability of both nutrients (reaching maximum values of 4.16 $/$ invested in N at 9dJ I and of 18.56 $/$ invested in S at 9dJ II). It is imperative to continue studying N-S interactions in corn in order to adjust fertilizer recommendations

Co-limitation and stoichiometry capture the interacting effects of nitrogen and sulfur on maize yield and nutrient use efficiency

Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deficiencies, individually and in combination, produce gaps between actual and potential yields in maize (Zea mays L.). Our objectives were to evaluate the effect of N and S status and their interaction on yield gap, and nutrient use efficiency (yield per unit of nutrient supply) using frameworks of co-limitation and stoichiometry. Factorial trials were established combining two N (unfertilized, N-fertilized) and two S (unfertilized, S-fertilized) treatments in five site-years. Yield ranged from 6.7 to 15.4 Mg ha−1. In a scale from 0 (no stress) to 1 (maximum stress), N stress varied from 0 to 0.67, and S stress from 0 to 0.66. Yield gap varied from 0 to 10 Mg ha−1, diminished as both N and S stresses reduced, and with higher N-S co-limitation. Both N and S use efficiencies increased with reductions in nutrient stresses and with increases in some of the N-S co-limitation indices. Co-limitation between N and S was maximized with N:S ratio ∼9.6 in shoot biomass and ∼11.2 in grain, indicating the balanced nutrient ratio in each plant organ at maturity. Both co-limitation and stoichiometry frameworks captured the interacting N and S effects on yield and nutrient use efficiency.Fil: Carciochi, Walter Daniel. Kansas State University; Estados Unidos. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Sadras, Victor O.. South Australian Research And Development Institute; AustraliaFil: Pagani, Agustín. No especifíca;Fil: Ciampitti, Ignacio Antonio. Kansas State University; Estados Unido

Critical sulfur dilution curve and sulfur nutrition index in maize

Sulfur (S) deficiency can severely limit maize (Zea mays L.) yield. This deficiency could be predicted by quantifying the S concentration (S C ) in the shoot biomass (BM) and by calculating the S nutrition index (SNI = observed S C /critical S C ). However, as shoot S C determination is laborious, alternative S diagnostic methods should be developed in maize. Thus, the objectives of our study were to: (i) determine and validate a critical S dilution curve, (ii) quantify the critical SNI, and (iii) explore the use of S C and chlorophyll meter reading (CMR), both determined in the uppermost developed leaf at vegetative growth stages, to predict SNI and for diagnosing S status in maize. Six field studies evaluating fertilizer S rates were executed, collecting maize shoot and uppermost developed leaf samples and determining Sc, CMR, yield, and SNI parameters. The main outcomes from our study were: (i) a maize critical S dilution curve was fitted (S C = 2.13BM −0.23 ) and validated with an independent data-set; (ii) a critical SNI threshold of 0.79 adequately diagnosed S status at ~V 6 stage; (iii) at V 6 , SNI was linearly related to S C (R 2 = 0.65) and CMR (R 2 = 0.85). As a result, a threshold value of 2.0 g S kg –1 for S C, 47.5 units for CMR, and 0.94 units for relative CMR can be used to successfully diagnose S deficiencies at early vegetative (~V 6 ) maize stages. Future studies testing S diagnostic tools for maize should be performed in environments with severe S deficiency and nutrient co-limitations.Fil: Carciochi, Walter Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wyngaard, Nicolás. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Reussi Calvo, Nahuel Ignacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Pagani, Agustín. No especifíca;Fil: Divito, Guillermo Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Echeverría, Hernán E.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Ciampitti, Ignacio Antonio. Kansas State University; Estados Unido

Contribución a los sistemas mixtos del centro oeste bonaerense : resultados de la campaña 2019/2020

El equipo de trabajo responsable de esta publicación se enorgullece de presentar la segunda edición de “Contribución a los sistemas mixtos del centro-oeste bonaerense”. El contexto mundial y, en particular de nuestra región, presenta condiciones diferentes a partir de la presencia del Covid-19. Si bien se han continuado realizando los ensayos a campo y la posterior redacción de informes técnicos, esta situación ha obligado a replantear y reprogramar el trabajo de extensión, ya que no han sido posibles las actividades presenciales, siendo reemplazadas por la vía virtual. De modo tal, que cobra aún más relevancia la generación de información y su difusión para estar cerca de la comunidad agropecuaria en general. La contribución del estado provincial y nacional en la generación de información técnica, ha sido fundamental en el desarrollo agropecuario del país. El Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario de la provincia de Buenos Aires, a través de la Chacra Experimental de Bellocq y el INTA representado por las Agencias de Extensión Rural Bolívar, Pehuajó y Carlos Casares, trabajan de manera conjunta aunando recursos humanos y económicos en pos de aportar soluciones y alternativas a los sistemas de producción de la región. El contenido de esta publicación pretende contribuir a las principales actividades productivas de la zona, mediante artículos referidos a ganadería, agricultura, extensión y reportes integradores donde se pretende evaluar el sistema productivo en su conjunto y no un cultivo o una secuencia productiva en particular en la que sólo se tiene en cuenta la productividad. Se trata de caracterizar el comportamiento de los factores productivos, económicos y ambientales en su conjunto y no como compartimentos estancos. Como en la edición anterior, la metodología de trabajo depende fuertemente de la interacción con diferentes instituciones como universidades, escuelas agrotécnicas, centros educativos para la producción total, grupos CREA, Aapresid, Cambio Rural y empresas del sector, a quienes se agradece la colaboración. Se pone de manifiesto que la mención de productos y marcas comerciales en esta publicación no significa la recomendación, garantía o certificación por parte de los autores, ni implica que haya otros similares de igual funcionamiento no mencionados en los trabajos publicados.EEA PergaminoFil: Estelrrich, Carolina. Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario. Chacra Experimental Bellocq; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Agencia de Extensión Rural Bolívar; ArgentinaFil: Pereyro, Alvaro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria General Villegas. Agencia de Extensión Rural Pehuajó; ArgentinaFil: Lacentre, Eduardo. Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario. Chacra Experimental Bellocq; ArgentinaFil: Sciarretta, Federico. Gentos. Equipo de desarrollo; ArgentinaFil: Buffarini, Miguel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria General Villegas; ArgentinaFil: Pagani, Agustín. CLARION; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Gastón. Kikel. Establecimiento Nueva Bélgica; ArgentinaFil: Mazzola, Leandro. Kikel. Establecimiento Nueva Bélgica; ArgentinaFil: Sticconi, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Bailleres, Matias Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado. Agencia De Extensión Rural Chascomus; ArgentinaFil: Bailleres, Matias Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado. Agencia De Extensión Rural Chascomus; ArgentinaFil: González Maddaloni, Magdalena. Actividad Privada. Diseño y Diagramación; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Sección Comunicaciones; Argentin