Resolving the Misalignment between Consumer Privacy Concerns and Ubiquitous IS Design: The Case of Usage-based Insurance

Ubiquitous IS enables novel services and business models, yet require a careful balancing of consumer privacy concerns (PC) – induced by the provision of particular sensors and information types – with functional performance in order to maximize acceptance. For the exemplary case of Usage-based Insurance (UBI), this paper presents a design science approach to the mitigation of PC under parallel consideration of functional system performance. Based on long-term location trajectories from 1’600 vehicles, we assess the predictive power of emulated system designs that substitute location information, presumably the most privacy sensitive type of information in current UBI designs. We find that there are substantial grounds to challenge prevalent design paradigms in UBI and infer general insights from this example for IS researchers and IT professionals, who, when seeking to improve system privacy, often focus on privacy-enhancing technologies instead of considering the socio-technical context of ubiquitous IS

Improving automobile insurance ratemaking using telematics: incorporating mileage and driver behaviour data

We show how data collected from a GPS device can be incorporated in motor insurance ratemaking . The calculation of premium rates based upon driver behaviour represents an opportunity for the insurance sector . Our approach is based on count data regression models for frequency, where exposure is driven by the distance travelled and additional paramete rs that capture characteristics of automobile usage and which may affect claiming behaviour . We propose implement ing a classical frequency model that is updated with telemetrics information. We illustrate the method using real data from usage - based insurance policies. Results show that not only the distance travelled by the driver, but also driver habits, significantly influence the expected number of accidents and, hence, the cost of insurance coverage . This paper provides a methodology including a transition pricing transferring knowledge and experience that the company already had before the telematics data arrived to the new world including telematics information incorporated in motor insurance ratemaking . The calculation of premium rates based upon driver behaviour represents an opportunity for the insurance sector. Our approach is based on count data regression models for frequency, where exposure is driven by the distance travelled and additional parameters that capture characteristics of automobile usage and which may affect claiming behaviour. We propose implementing a classical frequency model that is updated with telemetrics information. We illustrate the method using real data from usage - based insurance policies. Results show that not only the distance travelled by the driver, but also driver habits, significantly influence the expected number of accidents and, hence, the cost of insurance coverage . This paper provides a methodology including a transition pricing transferring knowledge and experience that the company already had before the telematics data arrived to the new world including telematics information

The use of telematics devices to improve automobile insurance rates

Most automobile insurance databases contain a large number of policyholders with zero claims. This high frequency of zeros may reflect the fact that some insureds make little use of their vehicle, or that they do not wish to make a claim for small accidents in order to avoid an increase in their premium, but it might also be because of good driving. We analyse information on exposure to risk and driving habits using telematics data from a Pay-as-you-Drive sample of insureds. We include distance travelled per year as part of an offset in a zero-inflated Poisson model to predict the excess of zeros. We show the existence of a learning effect for large values of distance travelled, so that longer driving should result in higher premium, but there should be a discount for drivers that accumulate longer distances over time due to the increased proportion of zero claims . We confirm that speed limit violations and driving in urban areas increase the expected number of accident claims . We discuss how telematics information can be used to design better insurance and to improve traffic safety

What scans we will read: imaging instrumentation trends in clinical oncology

Oncological diseases account for a significant portion of the burden on public healthcare systems with associated costs driven primarily by complex and long-lasting therapies. Through the visualization of patient-specific morphology and functional-molecular pathways, cancerous tissue can be detected and characterized non- invasively, so as to provide referring oncologists with essential information to support therapy management decisions. Following the onset of stand-alone anatomical and functional imaging, we witness a push towards integrating molecular image information through various methods, including anato-metabolic imaging (e.g., PET/ CT), advanced MRI, optical or ultrasound imaging. This perspective paper highlights a number of key technological and methodological advances in imaging instrumentation related to anatomical, functional, molecular medicine and hybrid imaging, that is understood as the hardware-based combination of complementary anatomical and molecular imaging. These include novel detector technologies for ionizing radiation used in CT and nuclear medicine imaging, and novel system developments in MRI and optical as well as opto-acoustic imaging. We will also highlight new data processing methods for improved non-invasive tissue characterization. Following a general introduction to the role of imaging in oncology patient management we introduce imaging methods with well-defined clinical applications and potential for clinical translation. For each modality, we report first on the status quo and point to perceived technological and methodological advances in a subsequent status go section. Considering the breadth and dynamics of these developments, this perspective ends with a critical reflection on where the authors, with the majority of them being imaging experts with a background in physics and engineering, believe imaging methods will be in a few years from now. Overall, methodological and technological medical imaging advances are geared towards increased image contrast, the derivation of reproducible quantitative parameters, an increase in volume sensitivity and a reduction in overall examination time. To ensure full translation to the clinic, this progress in technologies and instrumentation is complemented by progress in relevant acquisition and image-processing protocols and improved data analysis. To this end, we should accept diagnostic images as “data”, and – through the wider adoption of advanced analysis, including machine learning approaches and a “big data” concept – move to the next stage of non-invasive tumor phenotyping. The scans we will be reading in 10 years from now will likely be composed of highly diverse multi- dimensional data from multiple sources, which mandate the use of advanced and interactive visualization and analysis platforms powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for real-time data handling by cross-specialty clinical experts with a domain knowledge that will need to go beyond that of plain imaging

Struktur und Aufsichtsratsverfassung der mitbestimmten AG: zur Gestaltungsmacht d. Satzung u. d. Geschaeftsordnung d. Aufsichtsrats

Paefgen W. Struktur und Aufsichtsratsverfassung der mitbestimmten AG: zur Gestaltungsmacht d. Satzung u. d. Geschaeftsordnung d. Aufsichtsrats. Abhandlungen zum deutschen und europäischen Handels- und Wirtschaftsrecht ; 34. Köln: Heymann; 1982

"Sagen Sie, das Ende - ist das so bei Sophokles?" : Bestattungsrituale in dem Episodenfilm "Deutschland im Herbst" (1978)

"Es ist einfach zu aktuell." - "Die Kostüme find ich fabelhaft", sagt eines der Kommissionsmitglieder zu dem im Hinausgehen begriffenen Regisseur, der im Jahr 1977 das sophokleische Drama um Antigone für das Fernsehen neu inszeniert hat. Gezeigt werden Teile der Antigone-Inszenierung und das Treffen einer Kommission, die entscheiden soll, ob die Inszenierung ins laufende Programm übernommen werden soll. Zu der Kommission gehören - neben Mitgliedern der Fernsehanstalt - auch ein Pfarrer und ein Politiker, die sich beide besonders engagiert an der Diskussion beteiligen, sowohl an der um die Inszenierung selbst als aber auch an der um die drei Versionen eines 'Distanzierungstextes', die, dem eigentlichen Dramentext vorgeschaltet, gezeigt werden sollen. In diesen drei Distanzierungsversionen wird mehr oder weniger deutlich betont, dass das Vorkommen von Gewalt in klassischen Texten zwar unvermeidlich sei, diejenigen aber, die an der Inszenierung beteiligt seien, sich von jeder Form der Gewalt distanzierten. Die Distanzierungstexte sind Ausdruck der aufgebrachten politischen Stimmung, die die 1970er Jahre, und insbesondere die Zeit um 1977 herum prägen und die einen unbefangenen, unbelasteten Umgang mit einem zweitausend Jahre alten Dramentext unmöglich machen. Die Inszenierung der Antigone und die Diskussion leiten den letzten Teil des Episodenfilms Deutschland im Herbst aus dem Jahr 1978 ein, der unter diesen angespannten Bedingungen entstanden ist und der zu dokumentieren versucht, wie Filmemacher und Künstler auf eine politische Krisensituation reagieren. Es waren Jahre, in denen die Gewalttaten der Roten-Armee-Fraktion, auch Baader-Meinhof-Gruppe genannt, die politische Atmosphäre in Deutschland prägten